scholarly journals Livestock farming practices modulate vulture diet-disease interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e00518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Blanco ◽  
Ainara Cortés-Avizanda ◽  
Óscar Frías ◽  
Eneko Arrondo ◽  
José A. Donázar
Keyword(s):  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming

scholarly journals Avian Scavengers as Bioindicators of Antibiotic Resistance Due to Livestock Farming Intensification

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3620
Author(s):  
Guillermo Blanco ◽  
Luis M. Bautista
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Food Animal ◽  
Wintering Areas ◽  
Milvus Milvus

Industrial food animal production uses huge amounts of antibiotics worldwide. Livestock, their excreta used for manure and meat subproducts not intended for human consumption can all play important roles in the transmission of bacterial resistance to wildlife. Vultures and other scavengers can be directly exposed to active antibiotics ingested while feeding on livestock carcasses. This study evaluates whether bacterial resistance in the red kite (Milvus milvus) differs between two wintering areas selected based on patent differences in farming practices—particularly in the industrial production of food animals (primarily swine and poultry) vs. scarce and declining sheep herding. The results support the hypothesis that intensification in food animal production is associated with increased bacterial multidrug resistance in wildlife. Resistance was positively correlated with time elapsed since the beginning of the commercial application of each antibiotic in human and veterinary medicine, with clear differences depending on farming intensification between areas. Monitoring programs are encouraged to use red kites and other avian scavengers as valuable sentinels of contamination by antibiotics and clinically relevant resistant pathogens from livestock operations of variable intensities. Farms authorized for supplementary feeding of threatened scavengers should avoid supplying carcasses with active antibiotic residues to avoid bacterial resistance in scavenger wildlife.

Comparative Analysis of Beneficiaries and Non-beneficiaries about Scientific Livestock Farming Practices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshita Chadda ◽  
Y.S. Jadoun ◽  
Jaswinder Singh ◽  
S.K. Kansal
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
The Impact

Background: Punjab being a productive state in agriculture and livestock farming, various institutions are actively involved in Self Help Group formation for socio- economic development of low-income group. Rural women are engaged in small-scale entrepreneurship programme with the help of Self Help Groups. The present study was conducted to assess the impact of livestock based Self Help Groups on knowledge level regarding the scientific livestock farming practices among the beneficiaries of Self Help Groups and non-beneficiaries. Methods: The study was undertaken in Ludhiana district of Punjab. A multistage random sampling procedure was applied to draw the sample for the study. For meeting the objective; 120 beneficiaries and 60 non-beneficiaries were subjected to structured interview schedule. Result: The study revealed that majority of the beneficiaries (50.00%) and non-beneficiaries (55.00%) had medium level of knowledge regarding overall scientific livestock farming practices. Knowledge Index was higher in case of beneficiaries (61.46) than that of non-beneficiaries (56.68). Self Help Groups had made a significant positive impact on knowledge level of the beneficiaries and thus helped in improving overall socio-economic conditions of the rural women.

scholarly journals Leptospira Seroprevalence in Colombian Dairy Herds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Simone Taddei ◽  
Giovanni Moreno ◽  
Clotilde Silvia Cabassi ◽  
Emiliana Schiano ◽  
Costanza Spadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Occupational Risk Factor ◽  
Leptospira Serovars ◽  
Very High

Leptospirosis in cattle has important economic effects on the infected farms. Moreover, livestock farming is considered a major occupational risk factor for the transmission of Leptospira infection to humans. A survey was performed to determine the overall and within-herd seroprevalence and mapping of different Leptospira serovars in dairy cattle from farms located in some municipalities of the Colombian department of Boyacá. Nine hundred and fifty-nine animals, from 20 unvaccinated and one vaccinated herd, were included in the study. Anti-Leptospira serum antibodies were detected by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Only one herd was seronegative. Overall seroprevalence to at least one serovar of Leptospira was 24.1% for unvaccinated animals and 62.3% for animals from the vaccinated herd. A very high within-herd seroprevalence (>60%) was present in 20% of the unvaccinated herds. The presence in the vaccinated herd of 20/398 animals showing high titers, between 1000 and 4000, to at least one serovar of Leptospira suggest that some animals could have been infected. Moreover, due to the presence of seronegative animals, a failure of vaccination immunity or the presence of unvaccinated animals in the vaccinated herd cannot be excluded. In all farms, domestic animals other than cattle were present. Considering the farming practices occurring on dairy farms in the study area, higher hygienic standards and stricter biosecurity measures are suggested.

Creating a Dynamic Regional Model of the U.S. Corn Belt

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Laingen
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Corn Belt ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Regional Boundary ◽  
The U.S ◽  
External Driving

The U.S. Department of Agriculture last delineated the regional boundary of the Corn Belt in 1950. Mixed-grain and livestock farming practices have today transitioned to annually rotating corn and soybeans, which has altered the geographic bounds of this region. To illustrate the changing geography of the Corn Belt, ArcGIS geoprocessing and spatial analysis tools, along with a simple, summative assessment using Census of Agriculture data, were used to map how the region's boundary has changed as myriad internal and external driving forces influence where farmers grow corn. Since 1950 the region's core has remained spatially stable as corn production has intensified, while the region's periphery has shifted to the northwest. The methods used to create this contemporary Corn Belt region illustrate how a regional boundary and internal regional intensities can be used to map agricultural land use change.

Magnitude of nitrogen pollution in stream water due to intensive livestock farming practices

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Woli ◽  
Toshiyuki Nagumo ◽  
Ryusuke Hatano
Keyword(s):  
Stream Water ◽  
Nitrogen Pollution ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming

scholarly journals Assessing The Impacts Of COVID 19 On Livestock Production, Market Value Chain And Health Practices In Selected Districts Of East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geremew Haile Lemu ◽  
Eyob Hirpa ◽  
Morka Amante ◽  
Lema Yimer ◽  
Walkite Furgasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Livestock Products

Abstract COVID-19, caused by a newly discovered strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has had a significant impact on many sectors at the global, regional, and national levels, including the livestock sector. Study Methods: A questionnaire survey and observational study were carried out from September 2020 to November 2020 with the aim of assessing the impacts of COVID 19 on livestock farming practices, market chain, consumption of animal products, and animal health care services in selected districts of East Wollega zone. Small scale farmers, abattoir workers, consumers, and private sectors involved in the production, processing, and distribution of livestock products, and veterinarians were purposively selected for this study. Based on the survey, 365 (91.25%) respondents agreed as the pandemic was the major challenge to livestock farming practices. The assessment shows that COVID 19 created worst 270 (67.5%) and high impact 75 (18.75%). The major reasons mentioned were measures taken by the government such as lockdown, economic decline, low number of manpower due to calls to stay at home, and social distance. Observational studies indicated that dairy shops, meat shops, and local abattoirs, hotels, and restaurants were totally/partially closed, especially during the first 6 months of the pandemic. The average monthly income from livestock and their products showed about 60.93% shortfalls (from 1,130,500 birr to 688,800 birr). Regarding consumer perception, there was low demand for livestock products mainly due to the perceived disease risk. The most important animal health constraints during this pandemic were unusual preventive practices such as lack of vaccination and deworming, scarcity of drugs at the veterinary clinic, low number of veterinarians and inability to cover the cost of drugs and personnel. The present study suggests that the pandemic's impact on the livestock production, product supply chain and animal health services might be continue, which will have a significant effect on the sustainability of livestock production systems and the contribution of livestock subsectors on the household and national economy and global food security. It is therefore, essential that the government and other concerned bodies should give attention to the livestock sector to mitigate the impacts of the disease.

scholarly journals Spreading herbivore manure in livestock farms increases soil carbon content, while granivore manure decreases it

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Curien ◽  
Alice Issanchou ◽  
Francesca Degan ◽  
Vincent Manneville ◽  
Nicolas P. A. Saby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Generalized Least Squares ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Soil Database ◽  
Soil Carbon Content ◽  
Large Scale Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Census ◽  
Soil Ecosystem Services

AbstractLivestock farming occupies 57% of agricultural area in France and has contrasting impacts on the environment. Studies have analyzed relations between livestock farming and soil organic carbon (SOC) content, but the influence of livestock farming on soils is difficult to perceive at a large scale. The objective of this study was to increase understanding of impacts of livestock farming on soils that receive livestock manure depending on different initial levels of SOC content, at cantonal level. To this end, we used French soil and agricultural databases to analyze relations between livestock farming practices and SOC content. We used statistical data calculated from the French soil test database for the periods 2000–2004 and 2010–2014. For livestock farming practices, we used data from the French agricultural census of 2000 and 2010, and for spreading of livestock manure, data from the French program to control pollution of agricultural origin (2002–2007) and data from the French Livestock Institute. The novelty of our large-scale analysis is to differentiate the origin of livestock manure (herbivore or granivore) and the type of crop on which it was spread (crops or grasslands). Statistical analysis was performed at the cantonal scale for France using the method of generalized least squares. We show for the first time that, at the national scale, spreading of livestock manure influences SOC content and dynamics significantly. Our results also show the importance of the nature of the manure; solid manure increases SOC content, unlike liquid manure. Spreading herbivore manure on crops increases SOC content, but spreading granivore manure may decrease it. Livestock manure spread on grasslands has no significant effect on SOC content, possibly due to under-representation of grassland soils in the soil database. These results demonstrate the importance of the complementary between crop and livestock to maintain soil ecosystem services, including soil fertility.

scholarly journals Intelligent Perception-Based Cattle Lameness Detection and Behaviour Recognition: A Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3033
Author(s):  
Yongliang Qiao ◽  
He Kong ◽  
Cameron Clark ◽  
Sabrina Lomax ◽  
Daobilige Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Population ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Animal Farming ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Behaviour Recognition

The growing world population has increased the demand for animal-sourced protein. However, animal farming productivity is faced with challenges from traditional farming practices, socioeconomic status, and climate change. In recent years, smart sensors, big data, and deep learning have been applied to animal welfare measurement and livestock farming applications, including behaviour recognition and health monitoring. In order to facilitate research in this area, this review summarises and analyses some main techniques used in smart livestock farming, focusing on those related to cattle lameness detection and behaviour recognition. In this study, more than 100 relevant papers on cattle lameness detection and behaviour recognition have been evaluated and discussed. Based on a review and a comparison of recent technologies and methods, we anticipate that intelligent perception for cattle behaviour and welfare monitoring will develop towards standardisation, a larger scale, and intelligence, combined with Internet of things (IoT) and deep learning technologies. In addition, the key challenges and opportunities of future research are also highlighted and discussed.

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