scholarly journals Effect of soil chiseling on soil structure and root growth for a clayey soil under no-tillage

Geoderma ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 259-260 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Renato Nunes ◽  
José Eloir Denardin ◽  
Eloy Antônio Pauletto ◽  
Antônio Faganello ◽  
Luiz Fernando Spinelli Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
No Tillage

scholarly journals Soil structure and greenhouse gas production differences between row and interrow positions under no-tillage

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Pires da Silva ◽  
Bruce C. Ball ◽  
Cássio Antonio Tormena ◽  
Neyde Fabiola Balarezo Giarola ◽  
Rachel Muylaert Locks Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
No Tillage

scholarly journals Chemical and physical-hydric characterisation of a red latosol after five years of management during the summer between-crop season

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1576-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Fausto Guimarães Silva ◽  
Eduardo da Costa Severiano ◽  
Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa ◽  
Vinícius de Melo Benites ◽  
Wellingthon da Silva Guimarães Júnnyor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Structural Improvement ◽  
Red Latosol

Agricultural production systems that include the production of mulch for no-tillage farming and structural improvement of the soil can be considered key measures for agricultural activity in the Cerrado region without causing environmental degradation. In this respect, our work aimed to evaluate the chemical and physical-hydric properties of a dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol) in the municipality of Rio Verde, Goias, Brazil, under different soil management systems in the between-crop season of soybean cultivation five years after first planting. The following conditions were evaluated: Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu as a cover crop during the between-crop season; Second crop of maize intercropped with Brachiaria ruziziensis; Second crop of grain alone in a no-tillage system; Fallow soil after the soybean harvest; and Forest (natural vegetation) located in an adjacent area. Soil samples up to a depth of 40 cm were taken and used in the assessment of chemical properties and soil structure diagnostics. The results demonstrated that the conversion of native vegetation areas into agricultural fields altered the chemical and physical-hydric properties of the soil at all the depths evaluated, especially up to 10 cm, due to the activity of root systems in the soil structure. Cultivation of B. brizantha as a cover crop during the summer between-crop season increased soil water availability, which is important for agricultural activities in the region under study.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CLAYEY SOIL STRUCTURE ON ITS MODULUS OF STIFFNESS

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Antanas Alikonis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Compression Curve ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Compressibility Coefficient

Disturbance of soil structure influences its density, strength and deformation properties. Among other cases soil structure could be disturbed by compacting it. It is possible to increase deformation properties of sand or gravel by compacting them. However, for clay soils deformation properties may increase if they are compacted. Differences of settlements of a building depends on the different deformation properties of the artificially placed and compacted soils beneath the foundations. Different values of stiffness modulus are used for the structural design of the buildings which are constructed on the soils with different compressibility. Coefficient of changeability of soil compression (1) was used. It may be calculated as a ratio of maximum and minimum values of deformation modulus, or according to the maximum and minimum values of coefficient of relative compressibility (3). Coefficient of the relative compressibility of soil can be calculated depending on the maximum and minimum values of tip resistence from CPT test (5). According to the coefficient of the relative compressibility we could estimate whether the soil is uniform, nonuniform or extremely non-uniform. It is important for the design of civil engineering structures. Mechanical properties of soils may be back-calculated using theoretical values of settlements and loads. Most frequently within the building layout area soils are natural and artificially compacted. For a compacted soil it is possible to draw compression curve in semi-logarithmic scale using compression curve of the same natural soil and the void ratio of the artificially placed and compacted soil. Thus we can determine compressibility of the soil with disturbed or undisturbed structure. Using parameters of soil compressibility, we can determine the coefficient of the relative compressibility, maximum and minimum values of settlement and modulus of stiffness.

Effect of controlled drainage and tillage on soil structure and tile drainage nitrate loss at the field scale

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Tan ◽  
C. F. Drury ◽  
M. Soultani ◽  
I. J. van Wesenbeeck ◽  
H. Y. F. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Tile Drainage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Controlled Drainage ◽  
Nitrate Loss ◽  
Free Drainage

Conservation tillage has become an attractive form of agricultural management practices for corn and soybean production on heavy textured soil in southern Ontario because of the potential for improving soil quality. A controlled drainage system combined with conservation tillage practices has also been reported to improve water quality. In Southwestern Ontario, field scale on farm demonstration sites were established in a paired watershed (no-tillage vs. conventional tillage) on clay loam soil to study the effect of tillage system on soil structure and water quality. The sites included controlled drainage and free drainage systems to monitor their effect on nitrate loss in the tile drainage water. Soil structure, organic matter content and water storage in the soil profile were improved with no-tillage (NT) compared to conventional tillage (CT). No-tillage also increased earthworm populations. No-tillage was found to have higher tile drainage volume and nitrate loss which were attributed to an increase in soil macropores from earthworm activity. The controlled drainage system (CD) reduced nitrate loss in tile drainage water by 14% on CT site and 25.5% on NT site compared to the corresponding free drainage system (DR) from May, 1995 to April 30, 1997. No-tillage farming practices are definitely enhanced by using a controlled drainage system for preventing excessive nitrate leaching through tile drainage. Average soybean yields for CT site were about 12 to 14% greater than the NT site in 1995 and 1996. However, drainage systems had very little effect on soybean yields in 1995 and 1996 due to extremely dry growing seasons.

e-p curve-based structural parameter for assessing clayey soil structure disturbance

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 4387-4398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanyan Meng ◽  
Renpeng Chen ◽  
Xin Kang ◽  
Zhongchao Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Structural Parameter

Anisotropy of Pore Size Classes’ Connectivity Related to Soil Structure Under No Tillage

Soil Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 178 (11) ◽  
pp. 612-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. Lozano ◽  
C. Germán Soracco ◽  
Wim M. Cornelis ◽  
Donald Gabriels ◽  
Guillermo O. Sarli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Size Classes

Effects of direct drilling on soil conditions and root growth

1975 ◽  
Vol 8 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Scott Russell ◽  
R Q Cannell ◽  
M J Goss
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Pore Size Distribution ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Root System ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Direct Drilling

Direct drilling affects the pore size distribution in the soil, the distribution of organic debris on and within the soil, and the soil structure. These changes in turn affect the development of the root system of the crop, with consequential changes on its nutrient supply and early growth.

scholarly journals Applicability of soil column incubation experiments to measure CO2 efflux

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Guo ◽  
Taku Nishimura ◽  
Hiromi Imoto ◽  
Zhigang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Soil Carbon Storage ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Incubation Experiments ◽  
Water And Solute Transport

Abstract Accurate measurements of CO2 efflux from soils are essential to understand dynamic changes in soil carbon storage. Column incubation experiments are commonly used to study soil water and solute transport; however, the use of column incubation experiments to study soil CO2 efflux has seldom been reported. In this study, a 150-day greenhouse experiment with two treatments (no-tillage and tillage soils) was conducted to evaluate the applicability of soil column incubation experiments to study CO2 efflux. Both the chamber measurement and the gradient method were used, and results from the two methods were consistent: tillage increased soil cumulative CO2 efflux during the incubation period. Compared with fieldwork, incubation experiments can create or precisely control experimental conditions and thus have advantages for investigating the influence of climate factors or human activities on CO2 efflux. They are superior to bottle incubation because soil column experiments maintain a soil structure that is almost the same as that in the field, and thus can facilitate analyses on CO2 behaviour in the soil profile and more accurate evaluations of CO2 efflux. Although some improvements are still required for column incubation experiments, wider application of this method to study soil CO2 behaviour is expected.

Biochar application alters soil structure but not soil hydraulic conductivity of an expansive clayey soil under field conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Ke Wang ◽  
Xiaoyuan Zhang ◽  
Cengceng Sun ◽  
Kaiqi Yang ◽  
Jiyong Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Hydraulic
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