Mo1680 EUS Assessment of Intestinal Wall for Diagnosis and Differentiation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. AB476-AB477
Author(s):  
Liangru Zhu ◽  
Mely Huang ◽  
Jinfang Zhao ◽  
Ruifeng Zhao ◽  
Ling Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Thrombotic Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
A. V. Borota ◽  
A. A. Borota ◽  
E. V. Onishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Primary Disease ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The risk of thrombotic complications is known to be 3 times higher in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in healthy individuals, with the relative risk being 15 times higher during the periods of relapses. Aim. To study and generalize literature data available on the prevention and treatment of IBD thrombotic complications.Key findings. In the сonditions under study, the presence of chronic inflammation and increased bleeding of the intestinal wall is shown to activate the coagulation system, impair the fibrinolysis system and reduce the activity of natural anticoagulation mechanisms. The concentration of fibrinogen — a protein of the acute inflammation phase — increases significantly. This results in an imbalance of the blood coagulation system with a tendency to hypercoagulation, which significantly increases the risk of thrombotic complications and the disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. In turn, the activation of the coagulation cascade may trigger the inflammatory response, which eventually leads to the formation of a vicious circle between chronic inflammation and thrombosis. The pathogenesis of thrombosis in inflammatory colon diseases is a multifactor process, which remains to be understood.Conclusion.The management of patients with IBD in combination with thromboembolic complications requires an individual multidisciplinary approach. Taking into account the pathogenetic factors, the following options are possible in the prevention and treatment of thrombotic complications in IBD: strengthening the basic therapy of the primary disease; administration of prophylactic doses of anticoagulants under dynamic continuous laboratory control in the acute period using the methods of conservative therapy of thrombotic complications (elastic compression of the lower extremities) in the period of exacerbation of the primary disease.

scholarly journals Types of colorectal cancer and dysplasia associated with inflammatory bowel disease

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham Abdullah Almottowa ◽  
Abdulmohsen Yaseer Alkhars ◽  
Maram Hussam Hassan ◽  
Hamad Adel Alhamad ◽  
Saad Munawwikh Alshammari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Major Development ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Based Medicine

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are two major inflammatory disorders of the intestinal wall collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most significant and grave consequence of IBD and is preceded by dysplasia in majority of the cases. In this review we aim to discuss the various types of dysplasia found in patients with CRC due to IBD. A thorough literature search was conducted in online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, from which all studies published in the last ten years were included in this review. The major development in diagnostic procedures and visualization modalities have aided our understanding of dysplasia, which is now known to be the strongest predictor and marker for CRC development. However, the unpredictable behavior and progression of dysplasia still warrants vigilant surveillance. Dysplasia has been classified on histological characteristics using grades of dysplasia from ‘negative for dysplasia’ to ‘high grade dysplasia’. On visibility via an endoscope from ‘visible dysplasia’ to ‘invisible dysplasia’ and macroscopic features of ‘conventional dysplasia’ and ‘non-conventional dysplasia’. No single classification can be utilized to define the stage of dysplasia and more importantly predict its progression and outcome of CRC. Using evidence-based medicine an integrated classification expanding on a management algorithm must be formulated by a panel of experts to steer management of the disease. A multidisciplinary, tailored approach with a strong emphasis on regular and timely surveillance to ensure early detection of CRC can enhance quality of life and patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Inflammatory bowel disease-like enteritis and caecitis in a senescence accelerated mouse P1/Yit strain

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Matsumoto ◽  
Y Okabe ◽  
H Setoyama ◽  
K Takayama ◽  
J Ohtsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mouse ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Background—A new subline of the senescence accelerated mouse (SAM) P1/Yit strain has been established which shows spontaneous enteric inflammation under specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions.Aims—To elucidate the pathogenesis of enteric inflammation in this new subline.Methods—The SPF and germ free (GF) SAMP1/Yit strains were used. Histological, immunological, and microbiological characterisation of the mice with enteric inflammation was performed.Results—Histologically, enteritic inflammation developed as a discontinuous lesion in the terminal ileum and caecum with the infiltration of many inflammatory cells after 10 weeks of age. The activity of myeloperoxidase, and both immunolocalisation and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase increased in the lesion. CD3-ε positive T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages were more numerous in the inflamed mucosa of the SAMP1/Yit strain. The GF SAMP1/Yit strain did not show any inflammation in the intestinal wall, by the age of 30 weeks, and the enteritis and caecitis developed 10 weeks after the conventionalisation of the GF SAMP1/Yit strain.Conclusion—Enteric inflammation in the ileum and caecum developed in the SAMP1/Yit strain. The pathophysiological characteristics of the disease in this mouse have some similarities to those of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This mouse strain should be a useful model system for elucidating the interaction between the pathogenesis of IBD and the gut microflora.

Ultrasonographic evaluation of the thickness of the small intestinal wall in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 322-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rudorf ◽  
G. van Schaik ◽  
R. T. O'Brien ◽  
P. J. Brown ◽  
F. J. Barr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Small Intestinal

scholarly journals Feline inflammatory bowel disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 6293-2019
Author(s):  
DIANA STĘGIERSKA ◽  
ANDRZEJ PUCHALSKI ◽  
MARTA STANIEC ◽  
RENATA URBAN-CHMIEL ◽  
ANNA ŁOJSZCZYK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antiparasitic Drugs

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most common causes of chronic clinical signs from the gastrointestinal tract, associated with histological evidence of inflammation in the lamina propria of the small and/or large intestine in cats. The underlying etiopathogenesis of this inflammation remains unclear. IBD is probably caused by a combination of environmental and immune factors in genetically susceptible individuals. The process of diagnosing IBD involves several steps and is based on the exclusion of other causes of gastrointestinal signs and on the confirmation of the presence of inflammatory infiltration in the intestinal wall by histopathological assessment of biopsies. The treatment is based on anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs. In addition, dietotherapy, antibiotics, antiparasitic drugs, prebiotics, probiotics and supplementation of vitamin b12 are also used. For most patients, the response to treatment is satisfactory, but the maintenance of clinical remission in most of them may require anti-inflammatory drugs for the rest of their lives.

scholarly journals Thrombospondin and VEGF-R: Is There a Correlation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslaw Wejman ◽  
Michal Pyzlak ◽  
Dariusz Szukiewicz ◽  
Dorota Jarosz ◽  
Wieslaw Tarnowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Wall ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Endoscopic Biopsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Up to date several authors discussed interactions between cells forming inflammatory infiltrates in the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mainly dealing with endoscopic biopsy specimens. These usually contain only mucosa. We have evaluated full bowel wall sections, which seems to be especially important in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The purpose of our study was to evaluate the relationship between vascular density and expression of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1) in full-thickness tissue fragments of intestinal wall taken from patients after colectomy, comparing those with IBD to non-IBD control group. Histological sections were immunostained with antibodies against CD-31, TSP-1, and VEGFR-1 and analyzed by pathologists with the use of computer-assisted morphometrics. Our research showed significantly higher vascular density and vascular area percentage in all layers of bowel wall in patients with CD when compared to control. We have also demonstrated differences in vascular density distribution between ulcerative colitis (CU) and CD and between CU and control. However we have not found statistically significant correlation between those findings and VEGFR-1 or TSP-1 expression. Our results might suggest existence of different, TSP-1 independent pathways of antiangiogenesis in IBD.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Alpha-Synuclein Aggregates and Parkinson’s Disease: The InflamaSPark Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Miguel Grunho ◽  
Catarina Godinho ◽  
Marta Patita ◽  
Irina Mocanu ◽  
Ana Isabel Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (AS) aggregates. Prior to the central nervous system involvement, PD establishes itself in the gut as a result of the complex interplay between microbiota, the host’s immune/neural systems and increased intestinal permeability. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients present a higher number of AS aggregates in the intestinal wall and an increased risk of developing PD. By studying AS aggregates in gut biopsy specimens of IBD patients and controls, this project aims to further clarify the pathophysiology of PD and to explore the potential of gut a biopsy for AS aggregates as a biomarker for prodromal PD.

scholarly journals Clinical, Ultrasonographic and Histopathological Findings of Gastrointestinal Disorders in Cats

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Cristiane Aguero Da Silva ◽  
Simone Carvalhos dos Santos Cunha ◽  
Heloisa Justen Moreira De Souza ◽  
Amanda Chaves De Jesus ◽  
Ana Maria Reis Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Mast Cell ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Mast Cell Tumor ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background: Gastrointestinal disorders are common in cats, and the differentiation between inflammatory and neoplastic disease is essential to determine therapy. Therefore, ultrasonographic evaluation is an important tool for intestinal diagnosis in cats. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological characteristics of cats with intestinal diseases.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty cats with gastrointestinal clinical signs and abdominal ultrasound findings consistent with inflammatory bowel disease or gastrointestinal neoplasia were studied. Ultrasound evaluated all abdominal organs, with emphasis on the gastrointestinal tract, and parameters included the thickness of gastric and intestinal wall, the variations of its echogenicity, reduced intestinal lumen, mesenteric lymph nodes, involvement of other abdominal organs and presence of abdominal effusion. All cats were referred to exploratory laparotomy, in order to obtain biopsy samples. Mean age was 11.6 years and there were 23 females and 17 males. Clinical signs included weight loss (87.5%), vomiting (82.5%), hyporexia (75%), diarrhea (35%), constipation (10%), polyphagia (5%) and intestinal gases (5%). In abdominal ultrasound, the most common findings were increased thickness of the gastric and/or intestinal wall, decreased echogenicity of the intestinal wall, reduction of the intestinal lumen due to severe wall thickening or presence of obstructive mass, and lymphadenopathy. Histopathology revealed alimentary lymphoma (AL) in 19 cases, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in 10 cases, intestinal adenocarcinoma in 7 cases, mast cell tumor in 2 cases and intestinal hemangiosarcoma in 2 cases.Discussion: Weight loss and vomiting were the two main complaints of the owners. However, diarrhea, described by previous authors as one of the main clinical signs in cats with intestinal diseases, was present in only 35% of cats of this study. The intestinal segments that were presented more frequently with increased wall thickness were duodenum and jejunum, and the mean wall thickness was 0.51 cm. Cats diagnosed with AL had mean value of duodenum wall thickness/jejunum of 0.564 cm, while in patients with IBD the mean value was 0.462 cm. Whereas previous authors said that ultrasonographic findings in cats with lymphocytic lymphoma are usually indistinguishable from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and that the wall thickness in both cases may be normal or increased, the analysis presented in this study was considered representative since most cases of AL corresponded to lymphocytic lymphoma. Surgery was performed on 35 cats in the study. The choice for exploratory laparotomy (instead of endoscopy for example) was to collect all layers of the intestinal segment, and it was successful, as all samples were representative and allowed the definitive diagnosis. Histopathology revealed 19 cases of alimentary lymphoma, 10 cases of inflammatory bowel disease, 7 cases of intestinal adenocarcinoma, 2 cases of intestinal mast cell tumor and 2 cases of intestinal hemangiosarcoma. The prevalence of AL over IBD has been previously discussed, but the occurrence of adenocarcinoma and mast cell tumor was higher in the present study. On feline physical examination, attention should be directed to abdominal palpation, since this study showed that 47.5% of the animals had intestinal wall thickening. The ultrasonographic evaluation and histopathological diagnosis is essential for the clinical management of cats with intestinal diseases.

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