scholarly journals Multiple cropping systems of the world and the potential for increasing cropping intensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 102131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Waha ◽  
Jan Philipp Dietrich ◽  
Felix T. Portmann ◽  
Stefan Siebert ◽  
Philip K. Thornton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
The World

scholarly journals GCI30: a global dataset of 30-m cropping intensity using multisource remote sensing imagery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Zhang ◽  
Bingfang Wu ◽  
Hongwei Zeng ◽  
Guojin He ◽  
Chong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Joint Control ◽  
Optical Remote Sensing ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Cropping Intensity

Abstract. The global distribution of cropping intensity (CI) is essential to our understanding of agricultural land use management on Earth. Optical remote sensing has revolutionized our ability to map CI over large areas in a repeated and cost-efficient manner. Previous studies have mainly focused on investigating the spatiotemporal patterns of CI ranging from regions to the entire globe with the use of coarse-resolution data, which are inadequate for characterizing farming practices within heterogeneous landscapes. To fill this knowledge gap, in this study, we utilized multiple satellite data to develop a global, spatially continuous CI map dataset at 30-m resolution (GCI30). Accuracy assessments indicated that GCI30 exhibited high agreement with visually interpreted validation samples and in situ observations from the PhenoCam network. We carried out both statistical and spatial comparisons of GCI30 with existing global CI estimates. Based on GCI30, we estimated that the global average annual CI during 2016–2018 was 1.05, which is close to the mean (1.04) and median (1.13) CI values of the existing six estimates, although the spatial resolution and temporal coverage vary significantly among products. A spatial comparison with two other satellite based land surface phenology products further suggested that GCI30 was not only capable of capturing the overall pattern of global CI but also provided many spatial details. GCI30 indicated that single cropping was the primary agricultural system on Earth, accounting for 81.57 % (12.28 million km2) of the world’s cropland extent. Multiple-cropping systems, on the other hand, were commonly observed in South America and Asia. We found large variations across countries and agroecological zones, reflecting the joint control of natural and anthropogenic drivers on regulating cropping practices. As the first global coverage, fine-resolution CI product, GCI30 can facilitate ongoing efforts to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) by improving food production while minimizing environmental impacts. The data are available on Harvard Dataverse: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/86M4PO (Zhang et al, 2020).

Perennial Vine Control in Multiple Cropping Systems on a Clay Soil

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
Larry G. Heatherly ◽  
Richard A. Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Established Population

An area of a shrink-swell clay soil (Tunica clay, Vertic Haplaquept) with an established population of redvine, trumpetcreeper, honeyvine milkweed, redberry moonseed, and maypop passionflower was treated with dicamba once in the fall of 1983. The effect on perennial vines was determined for the following 4 yr in three rotational cropping systems involving winter wheat, soybean, corn, and sorghum, all with and without irrigation. Dicamba reduced the population of perennial vines 80% over 4 yr. Redvine and trumpetcreeper, the first and second most abundant species, were reduced by over 83 and 76%, respectively. Yield of soybean increased 17% in 1985 and 1987 while corn yield increased 9% in 1986 with dicamba use. In 1984 no effects on crop yield were measured. This inconsistent crop yield reponse after dicamba treatment, even though perennial vines were suppressed, must be considered in evaluating the economics of using dicamba for perennial vine control.

scholarly journals Agronomic Advancement in Tillage, Crop Rotation, Soil Health, and Genetic Gain in Durum Wheat Cultivation: A 17-Year Canadian Story

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Yining Niu ◽  
Yuefeng Ruan ◽  
Ron DePauw ◽  
Asheesh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings

The global demands for various grains, including durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.), are expected to increase substantially in the coming years, due to the ever-growing human population’s needs for food, feed, and fuel. Thus, providing consistent or increased durum grain to the world market is one of the priorities for policy-makers, researchers, and farmers. What are the major achievements in agronomic advancement for durum wheat cultivation in recent decades? How might the current cropping systems be improved to increase crop yield and quality and improve resource use efficiencies while minimizing input costs and decreasing negative impact on the environment? Canada is one of the major durum wheat producers in the world, as Canada contributes about 50% to global trade of durum grain. Canada’s research achievements in durum wheat might serve as a guide for advancing the cultivation of the crop in other regions/countries on the planet. This review summarizes the major Canadian research findings in the aspects of durum wheat agronomics during the period 2001 to 2017 years. It highlights the main advancements in seeding and tillage, crop rotation and diversification, and use of pulse-induced microbiomes to improve soil health and feedback mechanisms. The genetic gain and breeding for resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses are discussed. Finally, we identified the main constraints and suggested some near-term research priorities. The research findings highlighted in this review will be of use for other areas on the planet to increase durum wheat productivity, improve soil fertility and health, and enhance long-term sustainability.

Mediterranean Cropping Systems: The Importance of Their Economic and Environmental Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Maria Pergola ◽  
◽  
Assunta Maria Palese ◽  
Alessandro Persiani ◽  
Pasquale De Francesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Well Being ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the lives of people, as well as the production and economic systems throughout the world. The flow of raw materials and products, the supply of labor and manpower, and the purchasing power have all been changed to the detriment of individual health and well-being. Such a situation requires placing even more emphasis on the search for virtuous agricultural systems compatible with the goals of economic and environmental development so clearly defined at the world level in the last decades. The present study aimed to assess the environmental and economic performance of some typical Mediterranean crops grown under different agronomical management regimes, such as strawberry, hazelnut, apricot tree, kiwifruit, peach, olive tree, and grapevine, to emphasize the importance of the mentioned issues even in the current pandemic situation. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to investigate the environmental profile of the studied crops, while lifecycle costing (LCC) was performed to assess and compare the economic aspects. From the environmental perspective, the hobby-organic olive systems were the most eco-friendly cropping systems, emitting 0.031 to 0.105 kg CO2eq per kg olives, while the organic hazelnut system had the greatest impact (1.001 kg of CO2eq per kg). Apricot, kiwifruit, and peach systems used N and P inputs most effectively, while strawberry systems efficiently used fossil fuels. Olive HO-2, kiwifruit, and peach cropping systems had the lowest budgets, with the costs amounted to 0.12 € kg-1 per fruit for Olive HO-2 and 0.28 € kg-1 per fruit for both kiwifruit and peach. On the contrary, organic strawberry cultivation was the most expensive (4.77 € kg-1). The variability in results due to the large differences between contexts, such as landscape, technical knowledge, and crop management, characterized the studied agricultural systems. To easily identify sustainability classes and to diminish the impact of farming practices, a considerable effort should be expended to combine LCA with LCC, C sequestration estimates, and some other useful indicators for the environmental quality evaluation.

Global Patterns of Climate-resilient Agriculture: A Review of Studies and Imperatives for Empirical Research in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-192
Author(s):  
P. K. Viswanathan ◽  
K. Kavya ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Bahinipati
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
The World ◽  
Emerging Patterns ◽  
Different Parts

Globally, climate change impacts are manifold, severely affecting the agriculture sector. Climate-resilient agriculture (CRA) is viewed as a panacea for overcoming the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture. This article critically reviews the literature on CRA to delineate the emerging patterns of climate-resilient agriculture. It explores multiple dimensions of CRA as related to practices, technologies, policies, innovations and interventions across different parts of the world. In the end, a schematic approach towards undertaking empirical research on CRA in the Indian context is presented. The review finds that, globally, CRA practices mainly include systematic strategies for management of critical inputs, namely, land and water, cropping systems and livelihood management. It emerges that innovations and institutions have a crucial role in accelerating the rate of adoption of CRA practices. The article highlights the need for undertaking more empirical research to get a deeper understanding of the emerging patterns of CRA in the Indian context.

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