Harmful algae and climate change on the Canadian East Coast: Exploring occurrence predictions of Dinophysis acuminata, D. norvegica, and Pseudo-nitzschia seriata

AbstractIn 2012, Hurricane Sandy hit the East Coast of the United States, creating widespread coastal flooding and over $60 billion in reported economic damage. The potential influence of climate change on the storm itself has been debated, but sea level rise driven by anthropogenic climate change more clearly contributed to damages. To quantify this effect, here we simulate water levels and damage both as they occurred and as they would have occurred across a range of lower sea levels corresponding to different estimates of attributable sea level rise. We find that approximately $8.1B ($4.7B–$14.0B, 5th–95th percentiles) of Sandy’s damages are attributable to climate-mediated anthropogenic sea level rise, as is extension of the flood area to affect 71 (40–131) thousand additional people. The same general approach demonstrated here may be applied to impact assessments for other past and future coastal storms.

Download Full-text

Changes in U.S. East Coast Cyclone Dynamics with Climate Change

Journal of Climate ◽

10.1175/jcli-d-14-00418.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 468-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Christopher G. Marciano ◽

Gary M. Lackmann ◽

Walter A. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Boundary Conditions ◽

Potential Vorticity ◽

East Coast ◽

The United States ◽

Sea Level Pressure ◽

Cyclone Intensity ◽

Field Amplification ◽

Lateral Boundary Conditions ◽

Relative Potential

Abstract Previous studies investigating the impacts of climate change on extratropical cyclones have primarily focused on changes in the frequency, intensity, and distribution of these events. Fewer studies have directly investigated changes in the storm-scale dynamics of individual cyclones. Precipitation associated with these events is projected to increase with warming owing to increased atmospheric water vapor content. This presents the potential for enhancement of cyclone intensity through increased lower-tropospheric diabatic potential vorticity generation. This hypothesis is tested using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model to simulate individual wintertime extratropical cyclone events along the United States East Coast in present-day and future thermodynamic environments. Thermodynamic changes derived from an ensemble of GCMs for the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) A2 emissions scenario are applied to analyzed initial and lateral boundary conditions of observed strongly developing cyclone events, holding relative humidity constant. The perturbed boundary conditions are then used to drive future simulations of these strongly developing events. Present-to-future changes in the storm-scale dynamics are assessed using Earth-relative and storm-relative compositing. Precipitation increases at a rate slightly less than that dictated by the Clausius–Clapeyron relation with warming. Increases in cyclone intensity are seen in the form of minimum sea level pressure decreases and a strengthened 10-m wind field. Amplification of the low-level jet occurs because of the enhancement of latent heating. Storm-relative potential vorticity diagnostics indicate a strengthening of diabatic potential vorticity near the cyclone center, thus supporting the hypothesis that enhanced latent heat release is responsible for this regional increase in future cyclone intensity.

Download Full-text

An Assessment of Vulnerability of Fishers’ Livelihood to Climate Change in Coastal Odisha

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.14.1.08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 60-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sambit Priyadarshi ◽

S. N. Ojha ◽

Arpita Sharma

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Adaptive Capacity ◽

East Coast ◽

Vulnerability Index ◽

The State ◽

Context Specificity ◽

East Coast Of India ◽

Index Approach ◽

Vulnerability Score

A study was conducted in Odisha, a state on the east coast of India, with the objective of assessing the vulnerability of fishers’ livelihood to climate change. The state was chosen for study since it is considered as one of the most vulnerable states due to climate change. A total of 120 fishers were interviewed from two districts, Balasore and Ganjam, to assess their livelihood vulnerability by considering their exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity to climate change. A composite livelihood vulnerability index by suggesting that fishers are vulnerable to climate change. For fishers of + 0.03 and for Ganjam it was 0.5 minima 0, and maxima 1 was used for the purpose. Baleswar the score was 0.56 0.04, s. The aggregated vulnerability score was found to be 0.54+The composite livelihood vulnerability index approach calculates vulnerability by aggregating data for a set of indicators for the components of vulnerability which include exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity + 0.04. Vulnerability score was relatively higher in Baleswar due to higher scores on the exposure and sensitivity parameters overshadowing the higher adaptive capacity. The study shows evidence that marine fishers of Odisha are vulnerable to climate change. Also, it throws light on the location and context specificity of livelihood vulnerability.

Download Full-text

Climate Change and Its Impact on Harmful Algae in the Egyptian Mediterranean Waters

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering - Innovation in Urban and Regional Planning ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-68824-0_44 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 411-417

Author(s):

Amany A. Ismael

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Harmful Algae

Download Full-text

Scenario planning for climate change adaptation for natural resource management: Insights from the Australian East Coast Cluster

Ecosystem Services ◽

10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.100967 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 100967

Author(s):

Silvia Serrao-Neumann ◽

Gemma Schuch ◽

Melanie Cox ◽

Darryl Low Choy

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Resource Management ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Natural Resource Management ◽

Natural Resource ◽

East Coast ◽

Scenario Planning

Download Full-text

Value of Water in a Drying Climate

10.1071/9780643106635 ◽

2012 ◽

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Public Policy ◽

East Coast ◽

Optimal Allocation ◽

Policy Issues ◽

Merino Wool ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Rural Settings ◽

The World ◽

Expert Team

Are we making the best use of water? How do we judge this? Are there trade-offs between upstream and downstream water use? What are these and how are they resolved? Disputes over water allocations are, second to climate change, the dominant environmental and public policy issues of the present era. We are called upon to resolve such controversies using the principles of sustainable development, which integrates ecology, economics and ethics. This timely book establishes a template for all types of resource allocation disputes, whether in Australia or overseas. An expert team of ecologists, economists and sustainability experts spent three years interviewing people in the Little Swanport catchment, seeking answers to the optimal allocation of water on the Tasmanian East Coast. The hinterland of this area produces some of the most valuable merino wool in the world, the estuary grows mouth-watering oysters, and much of the land is in near-pristine condition, providing very valuable biodiversity resources. The book is written in an easy-to-read style and gradually evolves to become the story of everyday life of one small Australian catchment. It is about people living in rural settings in the upper catchment with soils and rainfall suitable for farming; people residing in coastal settlements in the lower catchment; people working and relaxing in the estuary where fishing and aquaculture occur; and people and their business in adjacent towns.

Download Full-text