Inflammatory Responses in Lungs from Donation after Brain Death: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Wong ◽  
Mingyao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Donation After Brain Death

scholarly journals Safety and effectiveness of kidney transplantation using a donation after brain death donor with acute kidney injury: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong Deok Kim ◽  
Kyo Won Lee ◽  
Sang Jin Kim ◽  
Okjoo Lee ◽  
Manuel Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Brain Death ◽  
Graft Survival ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Induction Agent ◽  
Donor Pool ◽  
Donation After Brain Death

AbstractThe use of kidneys from donation after brain death (DBD) donors with acute kidney injury (AKI) is a strategy to expand the donor pool. The aim of this study was to evaluate how kidney transplantation (KT) from a donor with AKI affects long-term graft survival in various situations. All patients who underwent KT from DBD donors between June 2003 and April 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) criteria were used to classify donor AKI. The cohort included 376 donors (no AKI group, n = 117 [31.1%]; AKI group n = 259 [68.9%]). Death-censored graft survival was similar according to the presence of AKI, AKI severity, and the AKI trend (p = 0.929, p = 0.077, and p = 0.658, respectively). Patients whose donors had AKI who received using low dose (1.5 mg/kg for three days) rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (r-ATG) as the induction agent had significantly superior death-censored graft survival compared with patients in that group who received basiliximab (p = 0.039). AKI in DBD donors did not affect long-term death-censored graft survival. Low-dose r-ATG may be considered as an induction immunosuppression in recipients receiving kidneys with AKI because it showed better graft survival than basiliximab.

Organ Donation After Brain Death After Long-Term Left Ventricular Mechanical Support

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Firstenberg ◽  
Louis B. Louis ◽  
Chittoor B. Sai-Sudhakar ◽  
Benjamin C. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Mechanical Support ◽  
Donation After Brain Death

Brain Death and Organ Donation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas I. Cochrane
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Donation After Cardiac Death ◽  
Donation After Brain Death ◽  
Brain Death Determination ◽  
Brain Dead ◽  
American Academy Of Neurology ◽  
Death Determination

Brain death is the state of irreversible loss of the clinical functions of the brain. A patient must meet strict criteria to be declared brain dead. They must have suffered a known and demonstrably irreversible brain injury and must not have a condition that could render neurologic testing unreliable. If the patient meets these criteria, a formal brain death examination can be performed. The three findings in brain death are coma or unresponsiveness, absence of brainstem reflexes, and apnea. Brain death is closely tied to organ donation, because brain-dead patients represent approximately 90% of deceased donors and thus a large majority of donated organs. This review details a definition and overview of brain death, determination of brain death, and controversy over brain death, as well as the types of organ donation (living donation versus deceased donation), donation after brain death, and donation after cardiac death. A figure presents a comparison of organ donation after brain death and after cardiac death, and a table lists the American Academy of Neurology Criteria for Determination of Brain Death. This review contains 1 highly rendered figure, 3 table, and 20 references.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Cytokines, Immune Cells, and Organ Interactions in Heart Failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Li ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Dao Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms

Despite mounting evidence demonstrating the significance of inflammation in the pathophysiological mechanisms of heart failure (HF), most large clinical trials that target the inflammatory responses in HF yielded neutral or even worsening outcomes. Further in-depth understanding about the roles of inflammation in the pathogenesis of HF is eagerly needed. This review summarizes cytokines, cardiac infiltrating immune cells, and extracardiac organs that orchestrate the complex inflammatory responses in HF and highlights emerging therapeutic targets.

Donation after Brain Death versus Donation after Circulatory Death: Lung Donor Management Issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Levvey ◽  
Kovi Levin ◽  
Miranda Paraskeva ◽  
Glen Westall ◽  
Gregory Snell
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Donation After Circulatory Death ◽  
Donor Pool ◽  
Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
Donor Lung ◽  
Donation After Brain Death ◽  
Circulatory Death

AbstractLung transplantation (LTx) has traditionally been limited by a lack of suitable donor lungs. With the recognition that lungs are more robust than initially thought, the size of the donor pool of available lungs has increased dramatically in the past decade. Donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD) lungs, both ideal and extended are now routinely utilized. DBD lungs can be damaged. There are important differences in the public's understanding, legal and consent processes, intensive care unit strategies, lung pathophysiology, logistics, and potential-to-actual donor conversion rates between DBD and DCD. Notwithstanding, the short- and long-term outcomes of LTx from any of these DBD versus DCD donor scenarios are now similar, robust, and continue to improve. Large audits suggest there remains a large untapped pool of DCD (but not DBD) lungs that may yet further dramatically increase lung transplant numbers. Donor scoring systems that might predict the donor conversion rates and lung quality, the role of ex vivo lung perfusion as an assessment and lung resuscitation tool, as well as the potential of donor lung quality biomarkers all have immense promise for the clinical field.

Factors that affect consent rate for organ donation after brain death: A 12-year registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 416 ◽  
pp. 117036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed F. Kananeh ◽  
Paul D. Brady ◽  
Chandan B. Mehta ◽  
Lisa P. Louchart ◽  
Mohammed F. Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Consent Rate ◽  
Donation After Brain Death
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