The in-air auditory thresholds of the eurasian otter (Lutra lutra, L. 1758) as determined by auditory brainstem responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 381 ◽  
pp. 107774
Author(s):  
Mathias Benjamin Voigt ◽  
Christian Hackenbroich ◽  
Hans-Heinrich Krüger ◽  
Arne Liebau ◽  
Karl-Heinz Esser
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Lutra Lutra ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Eurasian Otter

scholarly journals Effects of Androgen Receptor Inhibition on Kanamycin-Induced Hearing Loss in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5307
Author(s):  
Kyung-Ju Chun ◽  
Chang-Ho Lee ◽  
Kyung-Woon Kim ◽  
So-Min Lee ◽  
So-Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Cytochrome P450 1A1 ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Receptor Inhibition ◽  
Apoptotic Effects

Megalin has been proposed as an endocytic receptor for aminoglycosides as well as estrogen and androgen. We aimed to investigate the otoprotective effects of antiandrogens (flutamide, FM) on kanamycin (KM)-induced hearing loss in rats. Rats were divided into four groups. The KM group was administered KM (20 mg/kg/day) for 5 days, while the FM group received FM (15 mg/kg/day) for 10 days. In the KM + FM group, KM and FM (15 mg/kg/day) were simultaneously injected for 5 days and then FM was injected for 5 days. Auditory brainstem responses were measured. Western blotting and/or quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were performed for megalin, cytochrome P450 1A1 (Cyp1a1), Cyp1b1, metallothionein 1A (MT1A), MT2A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, caspase 3, and cleaved caspase 3. The FM + KM group showed attenuated auditory thresholds when compared with the KM group at 4, 8, 16, and 32 kHz (all p < 0.05). The KM + FM group showed lower megalin and Cyp1b1 levels than the KM group (all p < 0.05). The KM + FM group revealed lower MT1A, TNFα, and caspase 3 protein levels, compared with those in the KM group (all p < 0.05). Androgen receptor inhibition protects against cochlear injuries in KM-induced hearing loss rats by attenuating megalin expression, revealing anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.

scholarly journals Auditory brainstem responses and auditory thresholds in woodpeckers

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Lohr ◽  
Elizabeth F. Brittan-Powell ◽  
Robert J. Dooling
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Auditory Thresholds

Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Delivery to the Cochlea Through Round Window by External Magnetic Field: Feasibility and Toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Leterme ◽  
Caroline Guigou ◽  
Alexandra Oudot ◽  
Bertrand Collin ◽  
Julien Boudon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
The Right

Introduction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) administered into the cochlea through the round window (RW) by an external magnetic field. Materials and Methods. In 5 Wistar rats, the left RW was punctured. SPIONs suspended in hyaluronic gel (5 mg/mL) were applied in the RW niche and covered by a muscle graft. The nanoparticles were mobilized using a rare earth magnet (0.54 T) held in 4 consecutive positions around the head. The right ear served as control. Hearing function was monitored by auditory brainstem responses (4-32 kHz tone bursts). Results. The auditory thresholds remained unchanged 1 month after the administration. The histological study of the cochleae showed that SPIONs were driven into the scala tympani in the basal turn, the second turn, and the apex. Conclusion. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles can be driven inside the cochlea toward the apex with a preserved hearing up to 1 month in rats.

scholarly journals Auditory brainstem responses in the Eastern Screech Owl: An estimate of auditory thresholds

2005 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth F. Brittan-Powell ◽  
Bernard Lohr ◽  
D. Caldwell Hahn ◽  
Robert J. Dooling
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Auditory Thresholds

scholarly journals Evoked auditory potentials from African mole-rats and coruros reveal disparity in subterranean rodent hearing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai R. Caspar ◽  
Alexandra Heinrich ◽  
Lea Mellinghaus ◽  
Patricia Gerhardt ◽  
Sabine Begall
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Subterranean Rodents ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Subterranean Rodent ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Mole Rat ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Hearing in subterranean rodents exhibits numerous peculiarities, including low sensitivity and restriction to a narrow range of comparatively low frequencies. Past studies provided two conflicting hypotheses explaining how these derived traits evolved: structural degeneration and adaptive specialization. To further elucidate this issue, we recorded auditory brainstem responses from three species of social subterranean rodents that differ in the degree of specialization to the underground habitat: The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) and the Mashona mole-rat (Fukomys darlingi) which represent the ancient lineage of African mole-rats (Bathyergidae) and the coruro (Spalacopus cyanus), a South American rodent (Octodontidae) which adopted a subterranean lifestyle in more recent geological time. Additionally, we measured call amplitudes of social vocalizations to study auditory vocal coupling. We found elevated auditory thresholds and severe low-frequency hearing range restrictions in the African mole-rats, with hearing in naked mole-rats tending to be more sensitive than in Mashona mole-rats. In contrast to that, hearing in coruros was similar to that of epigeic rodents, with its range extending into ultrasonic frequencies. However, as in the mole-rats, the coruros’ region of best hearing was located at low frequencies close to 1 kHz. We argue that the auditory sensitivity of African mole-rats, although remarkably poor, has been underestimated by recent studies, while data on coruros conform to previous results. Considering the available evidence, we propose to be open to both degenerative and adaptive interpretations of hearing physiology in subterranean mammals, as each may provide convincing explanations for specific auditory traits observed.

scholarly journals Applicability of Evoked Auditory Brainstem Responses with Complex Stimuli in Adults with Hearing Loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Peixe ◽  
Débora Silva ◽  
Eliara Biaggio ◽  
Rúbia Bruno ◽  
Taissane Sanguebuche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Complex Stimuli ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Normal Standards ◽  
Complex Manner

Introduction The use of the speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) shows how the brainstem operates up to the subcortex in a more complex manner than when the click-evoked ABR is used. Objective To study the applicability of the speech-evoked ABR in adults with hearing loss. Methods The sample was composed of a study group of 11 subjects, with ages ranging between 18 and 59 years, and auditory thresholds within normal standards, with loss of up to 65 dB at high frequencies or up to moderately severe symmetric sensorineural hearing loss. The sample underwent a basic audiological assessment, as well as speech-evoked ABR and click-evoked ABR, in which waves I, III and V, and V, A, C, D, E, F were respectively marked. The electrophysiological assessments were performed using the SmartEP device (Intelligent Hearing Systems, Miami, FL, US). Results For the speech-evoked ABR, the reference values were used in the identification and analysis of the study group. Those values found for the study group were: V = 8.56; A = 10.97; C = 21.33; D = 29.51; E = 37.93; F = 46.96; and O = 55.97. In the comparison between groups, the study group presented an increase in latency only in wave C. Conclusion The speech-evoked ABR can be performed in subjects with up to moderately severe hearing loss, and the test proved to be appropriate, because, unlike the click-evoked ABR, the former does not suffer influence of peripheral hearing loss.

The Effect of Kalman-Weighted Averaging and Artifact Rejection on Residual Noise During Auditory Brainstem Response Testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Linda W. Norrix ◽  
Julie Thein ◽  
David Velenovsky
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Residual Noise ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Artifact Rejection ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Active Motor ◽  
Averaging Time

Purpose Low residual noise (RN) levels are critically important when obtaining electrophysiological recordings of threshold auditory brainstem responses. In this study, we examine the effectiveness and efficiency of Kalman-weighted averaging (KWA) implemented on the Vivosonic Integrity System and artifact rejection (AR) implemented on the Intelligent Hearing Systems SmartEP system for obtaining low RN levels. Method Sixteen adults participated. Electrophysiological measures were obtained using simultaneous recordings by the Vivosonic and Intelligent Hearing Systems for subjects in 2 relaxed conditions and 4 active motor conditions. Three averaging times were used for the relaxed states (1, 1.5, and 3 min) and for the active states (1.5, 3, and 6 min). Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to examine RN levels as a function of noise reduction strategy (i.e., KWA, AR) and averaging time. Results Lower RN levels were obtained using KWA than AR in both the relaxed and active motor states. Thus, KWA was more effective than was AR under the conditions examined in this study. Using KWA, approximately 3 min of averaging was needed in the relaxed condition to obtain an average RN level of 0.025 μV. In contrast, in the active motor conditions, approximately 6 min of averaging was required using KWA. Mean RN levels of 0.025 μV were not attained using AR. Conclusions When patients are not physiologically quiet, low RN levels are more likely to be obtained and more efficiently obtained using KWA than AR. However, even when using KWA, in active motor states, 6 min of averaging or more may be required to obtain threshold responses. Averaging time needed and whether a low RN level can be attained will depend on the level of motor activity exhibited by the patient.

Effects of Aging on the Subcortical Encoding of Stop Consonants

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403
Author(s):  
Dania Rishiq ◽  
Ashley Harkrider ◽  
Cary Springer ◽  
Mark Hedrick
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Second Formant ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Purpose The main purpose of this study was to evaluate aging effects on the predominantly subcortical (brainstem) encoding of the second-formant frequency transition, an essential acoustic cue for perceiving place of articulation. Method Synthetic consonant–vowel syllables varying in second-formant onset frequency (i.e., /ba/, /da/, and /ga/ stimuli) were used to elicit speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses (speech-ABRs) in 16 young adults ( M age = 21 years) and 11 older adults ( M age = 59 years). Repeated-measures mixed-model analyses of variance were performed on the latencies and amplitudes of the speech-ABR peaks. Fixed factors were phoneme (repeated measures on three levels: /b/ vs. /d/ vs. /g/) and age (two levels: young vs. older). Results Speech-ABR differences were observed between the two groups (young vs. older adults). Specifically, older listeners showed generalized amplitude reductions for onset and major peaks. Significant Phoneme × Group interactions were not observed. Conclusions Results showed aging effects in speech-ABR amplitudes that may reflect diminished subcortical encoding of consonants in older listeners. These aging effects were not phoneme dependent as observed using the statistical methods of this study.

Comparisons of Auditory Brainstem Responses Between a Laboratory and Simulated Home Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 3877-3892
Author(s):  
Ashley Parker ◽  
Candace Slack ◽  
Erika Skoe
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Simulated Home Environment ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Research Populations ◽  
Response Consistency

Purpose Miniaturization of digital technologies has created new opportunities for remote health care and neuroscientific fieldwork. The current study assesses comparisons between in-home auditory brainstem response (ABR) recordings and recordings obtained in a traditional lab setting. Method Click-evoked and speech-evoked ABRs were recorded in 12 normal-hearing, young adult participants over three test sessions in (a) a shielded sound booth within a research lab, (b) a simulated home environment, and (c) the research lab once more. The same single-family house was used for all home testing. Results Analyses of ABR latencies, a common clinical metric, showed high repeatability between the home and lab environments across both the click-evoked and speech-evoked ABRs. Like ABR latencies, response consistency and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were robust both in the lab and in the home and did not show significant differences between locations, although variability between the home and lab was higher than latencies, with two participants influencing this lower repeatability between locations. Response consistency and SNR also patterned together, with a trend for higher SNRs to pair with more consistent responses in both the home and lab environments. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining high-quality ABR recordings within a simulated home environment that closely approximate those recorded in a more traditional recording environment. This line of work may open doors to greater accessibility to underserved clinical and research populations.

Referrals for Auditory Brainstem Responses—Compliance of Otoneurological Patients

Skull Base ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (S 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalini Tsiakou ◽  
Thomas Nikolopoulos ◽  
Olga Papadopoulou ◽  
Maria Theodosiou ◽  
Sotirios Pappas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses
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