Surface coating with a high resistance to hydrogen entry under high-pressure hydrogen-gas environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (24) ◽  
pp. 10141-10154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Yamabe ◽  
Saburo Matsuoka ◽  
Yukitaka Murakami
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Surface Coating ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Gas Environment ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

scholarly journals Proposal of Design Method Enabling Cr-Mo Steels to be Used in High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas Environment

Hyomen Kagaku ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
Hisao MATSUNAGA ◽  
Junichiro YAMABE ◽  
Saburo MATSUOKA
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Gas Environment ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Effect of δ-ferrite on susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of 304 austenitic stainless steel in high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Bao ◽  
Kaiyu Zhang ◽  
Zhengrong Zhou ◽  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Xiao Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gas Environment ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the effect of δ-ferrite on the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of type 304 stainless steel in hydrogen gas environment. Design/methodology/approach The mechanical properties of as-received and solution-treated specimens were investigated by the test of tensile and fatigue crack growth (FCG) in 5 MPa argon and hydrogen. Findings The presence of δ-ferrite reduced the relative elongation and the relative reduction area (H2/Ar) of 304 stainless steel, indicating that δ-ferrite increased the susceptibility of hydrogen embrittlement in 304 stainless steel. Moreover, δ-ferrite promoted the fatigue crack initiation and propagation at the interface between δ-ferrite and austenite. The FCG tests were used to investigate the effect of δ-ferrite on the FCG rate in hydrogen gas environment, and it was found that δ-ferrite accelerated the FCG rate, which was attributed to rapid diffusion and accumulation of hydrogen around the fatigue crack tip through δ-ferrite in high-pressure hydrogen gas environment. Originality/value The dependence of the susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement on δ-ferrite was first investigated in type 304 steel in hydrogen environment with high pressures, which provided the basis for the design and development of a high strength, hydrogen embrittle-resistant austenitic stainless steel.

Friction and Wear of Bronze Filled PTFE and Graphite Filled PTFE in 40 MPA Hydrogen Gas

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Sawae ◽  
Eiichi Miyakoshi ◽  
Shunichiro Doi ◽  
Hideki Watanabe ◽  
Yoshie Kurono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Friction And Wear Behavior ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Gas Environment ◽  
Ptfe Composites ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Several kinds of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites are currently being used in reciprocating hydrogen gas compressors as seal material which should articulate against metal counterfaces in pressurized hydrogen gas. Although their friction and wear behavior has large impact on the efficiency and reliability of gas compressors, available information about tribological characteristics of PTFE composites in high pressure hydrogen gas is quite limited. In this study, friction and wear of graphite filled PTFE and bronze filled PTFE were evaluated in the 40 MPa hydrogen gas environment by using a pin-on-disk type apparatus enclosed in a high pressure vessel to supply experimental data for the design of gas compressors in hydrogen fuelling stations. AISI316L austenitic stainless steel disk was used as a sliding counterface. All experiments were conducted under dry condition with the average contact pressure of 1.8 MPa, the sliding speed of 100 mm/s and the gas temperature of 327 K. The friction force exerted between PTFE composites and stainless steel was evaluated by a load cell during the experiment and the wear rate of composites was evaluated from the weight loss of pin specimens. In addition, chemical analysis of the polymer transfer film formed on the disk surface were conducted by using X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. Friction and wear tests were also conducted in 40 MPa helium gas for comparison. Results indicated that bronze filled PTFE was more sensitive to the gas pressure and gas species; it showed good friction and wear behavior in high pressure hydrogen, although friction in high pressure helium became very high. On the other hand, the effects of high pressure gas environment were relatively small for the friction and wear of graphite filled PTFE.

Crack Growth Analysis of High-Pressure Equipment for Hydrogen Storage

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Y. Li ◽  
C. L. Zhou ◽  
Y. Z. Zhao ◽  
Z. L. Hua ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Cycle Life ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

Crack growth analysis (CGA) was applied to estimate the cycle life of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment constructed by the practical materials of 4340 (two heats), 4137, 4130X, A286, type 316 (solution-annealed (SA) and cold-worked (CW)), and type 304 (SA and CW) in 45, 85 and 105 MPa hydrogen and air. The wall thickness was calculated following five regulations of the High Pressure Gas Safety Institute of Japan (KHK) designated equipment rule, KHKS 0220, TSG R0002, JB4732, and ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 3. We also applied CGA for four typical model materials to discuss the effect of ultimate tensile strength (UTS), pressure and hydrogen sensitivity on the cycle life of the high-pressure hydrogen equipment. Leak before burst (LBB) was confirmed in all practical materials in hydrogen and air. The minimum KIC required for LBB of the model material with UTS of even 1500 MPa was 170 MPa·m0.5 in 105 MPa. Cycle life qualified 103 cycles for all practical materials in air. In 105 MPa hydrogen, the cycle life by KIH was much shorter than that in air for two heats of 4340 and 4137 sensitive to hydrogen gas embrittlement (HGE). The cycle life of type 304 (SA) sensitive to HGE was almost above 104 cycles in hydrogen, while the cycle life of type 316 (SA and CW) was not affected by hydrogen and that of A286 in hydrogen was near to that in air. It was discussed that the cycle life increased with decreasing pressure or UTS in hydrogen. This behavior was due to that KIH increased or fatigue crack growth (FCG) decreased with decreasing pressure or UTS. The cycle life data of the model materials under the conditions of the pressure, UTS, KIH, FCG and regulations in both hydrogen and air were proposed quantitatively for materials selection for high-pressure hydrogen storage.

Development of New Material Testing Apparatus in High-Pressure Hydrogen and Evaluation of Hydrogen Gas Embrittlement of Metals

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Fukuyama ◽  
Masaaki Imade ◽  
Kiyoshi Yokogawa
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Material Testing ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicle ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Pressure Hydrogen

A new type of apparatus for material testing in high-pressure gas of up to 100 MPa was developed. The apparatus consists of a pressure vessel and a high-pressure control system that applies the controlled pressure to the pressure vessel. A piston is installed inside a cylinder in the pressure vessel, and a specimen is connected to the lower part of the piston. The load is caused by the pressure difference between the upper room and the lower room separated by the piston, which can be controlled to a loading mode by the pressure valves of the high-pressure system supplying gas to the vessel. Hydrogen gas embrittlement (HGE) and internal reversible hydrogen embrittlement (IRHE) of austenitic stainless steels and iron- and nickel-based superalloys used for high-pressure hydrogen storage of fuel cell vehicle were evaluated by conducting tensile tests in 70 MPa hydrogen. Although the HGE of these metals depended on modified Ni equivalent, the IRHE did not. The HGE of austenitic stainless steels was larger than their IRHE; however, the HGE of superalloys was not always larger than their IRHE. The effects of the chemical composition and metallic structure of these materials on the HGE and IRHE were discussed. The HGE of austenitic stainless steels was examined in 105 MPa hydrogen. The following were identified; SUS304: HGE in stage II, solution-annealed SUS316: HGE in stage III, sensitized SUS316: HGE in stage II, SUS316L: HGE in FS, SUS316LN: HGE in stage III and SUS310S: no HGE.

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