Individual differences in cognitive reappraisal: Experiential and physiological responses to an anger provocation

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris B. Mauss ◽  
Crystal L. Cook ◽  
Jennifer Y.J. Cheng ◽  
James J. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal

scholarly journals Individual Differences in Physiological Responses and Type A Behavior Pattern.

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Oishi ◽  
Mami Kamimura ◽  
Takashi Nigorikawa ◽  
Toshiyuki Nakamiya ◽  
Richard E. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Type A ◽  
Type A Behavior ◽  
Type A Behavior Pattern

scholarly journals Covariation between personalities and individual differences in coping with stress: Converging evidence and hypotheses

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 728-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Carere ◽  
Doretta Caramaschi ◽  
Tim W. Fawcett
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Stress Physiology ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adaptive Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Working Hypotheses

Abstract In the past decade there has been a profusion of studies highlighting covariation between individual differences in stress physiology and behavioural profiles, here called personalities. Such individual differences in ways of coping with stress are relevant both in biomedicine, since different personalities may experience a different stress and disease vulnerability, and in behavioural ecology, since their adaptive value and evolutionary maintenance are the subject of debate. However, the precise way in which individual stress differences and personalities are linked is unclear. Here we provide an updated overview of this covariation across different species and taxa, consider its functional significance and present working hypotheses for how behavioural and physiological responses to stress might be causally linked, affecting life-history traits such as dispersal and life-span.

Habitual Emotion Regulation and the Facial Grimace

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith W. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Zygomaticus Major

Images of pleasant scenes usually produce increased activity over the zygomaticus major muscle, as measured by electromyography (EMG), while less activity is elicited by unpleasant images. However, increases in zygomaticus major EMG activity while viewing unpleasant images have occasionally been reported in the literature on affective facial expression (i.e., “grimacing”). To examine the possibility that individual differences in emotion regulation might be responsible for this inconsistently observed phenomenon, the habitual emotion regulation tendencies of 63 participants (32 women) were assessed and categorized according to their regulatory tendencies. Participants viewed emotionally salient images while zygomaticus major EMG activity was recorded. Participants also provided self-report ratings of their experienced emotional valence and arousal while viewing the pictures. Despite demonstrating intact affective ratings, the “grimacing” pattern of zygomaticus major activity was observed in those who were less likely to use the cognitive reappraisal strategy to regulate their emotions.

Individual differences in behavioral and physiological responses to restraint stress in pigs

2002 ◽  
Vol 77 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A Geverink ◽  
W.G.P Schouten ◽  
G Gort ◽  
V.M Wiegant
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses

scholarly journals Do Individual Differences in Emotion Regulation Mediate the Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Symptoms of Depression?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Mutz ◽  
Peter Clough ◽  
Kostas A. Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Mental Toughness (MT) provides crucial psychological capacities for achievement in sports, education, and work settings. Previous research examined the role of MT in the domain of mental health and showed that MT is negatively associated with and predictive of fewer depressive symptoms in nonclinical populations. The present study aimed at (1) investigating to what extent mentally tough individuals use two emotion regulation strategies: cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression; (2) exploring whether individual differences in emotion regulation strategy use mediate the relationship between MT and depressive symptoms. Three hundred sixty-four participants (M = 24.31 years, SD = 9.16) provided self-reports of their levels of MT, depressive symptoms, and their habitual use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between MT and two commonly used measures of depressive symptoms. A small statistically significant positive correlation between MT and the habitual use of cognitive reappraisal was also observed. The correlation between MT and the habitual use of expressive suppression was statistically significant, but the size of the effect was small. A statistical mediation model indicated that individual differences in the habitual use of expressive suppression mediate the relationship between MT and depressive symptoms. No such effect was found for the habitual use of cognitive reappraisal. Implications of these findings and possible avenues for future research are discussed.

Individual Differences in Cognitive Reappraisal Predict Emotional Experience Prior to Achievement Situations

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Balzarotti ◽  
Valentina Chiarella ◽  
Maria Rita Ciceri
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Time Points

Abstract. In the present study, we examined whether individual differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal predict the experience of more positive and less negative emotions prior to an evaluative task, as well as whether reappraisal is associated with better performance. In a longitudinal design, 130 students were asked to report their spontaneous use of reappraisal as well as the emotions experienced at three time points prior to an academic exam. Results showed that the use of cognitive reappraisal measured when students began to study predicted less negative and more positive emotions in the following two weeks. Further, positive and negative affect were significant predictors of the grade achieved. Finally, cognitive reappraisal had a significant indirect effect on the grade students achieved. These findings suggest that cognitive reappraisal can be effective in regulating emotions while approaching evaluative stressors.

scholarly journals Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response self-reporters showed higher scores for cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11474
Author(s):  
Ricardo Morales ◽  
Daniela Ramírez-Benavides ◽  
Mario Villena-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Tingling Sensation ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Sound Sensitivity

Background Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) describes the experience of a pleasant tingling sensation along the back of the head, accompanied with a feeling of well-being and relaxation, in response to specific audio-visual stimuli, such as whispers, soft sounds, and personal attention. Previous works have assessed individual variations in personality traits associated with ASMR, but no research to date has explored differences in emotion regulation associated with ASMR. This omission occurred even when ASMR, a sensory-emotional experience, has been proposed to be located in a sound sensitivity spectrum as the opposite end of misophonia, a phenomenon associated with difficulties regulating emotions. The present work aimed to assess group differences between ASMR self-reporters and non-ASMR controls associated with emotion regulation strategies. Methods We used the validated Spanish version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to assess individual differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Results Our results showed that participants who experience ASMR had higher scores in the cognitive reappraisal subscale of the emotion regulation questionnaire than the non-ASMR group. Conclusions Individuals who experience ASMR reported higher use of cognitive reevaluation of emotionally arousing situations, suggesting more effectiveness in regulating emotions. Our finding further elucidates individual differences related to this experience, supporting that ASMR is a real psychophysiological phenomenon associated with other psychological constructs and has remarkable consequences in affective/emotional dimensions and general well-being.

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