Induction of cellular immune response and anti-Salmonella enterica serovar typhi bactericidal antibodies in healthy volunteers by immunization with a vaccine candidate against typhoid fever

BCG is the only licensed vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. Due to its intramuscular administration route, BCG is unable to induce a local protective immune response in the respiratory system. Moreover, BCG has a diminished ability to induce long-lived memory T-cells which are indispensable for antituberculosis protection. Recently we described the protective efficacy of new mucosal TB vaccine candidate based on recombinant attenuated influenza vector (Flu/THSP) co-expressing TB10.4 and HspX proteins of M.tb within an NS1 influenza protein open reading frame. In the present work, the innate and adaptive immune response to immunization with the Flu/THSP and the immunological properties of vaccine candidate in the BCG-prime → Flu/THSP vector boost vaccination scheme are studied in mice. It was shown that the mucosal administration of Flu/THSP induces the incoming of interstitial macrophages in the lung tissue and stimulates the expression of co-stimulatory CD86 and CD83 molecules on antigen-presenting cells. The T-cellular immune response to Flu/THSP vector was mediated predominantly by the IFNγ-producing CD8+ lymphocytes. BCG-prime → Flu/THSP vector boost immunization scheme was shown to protect mice from severe lung injury caused by M.tb infection due to the enhanced T-cellular immune response, mediated by antigen-specific effector and central memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes.

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Use of novel adjuvants and delivery systems to improve the humoral and cellular immune response to malaria vaccine candidate antigens

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/0264-410x(93)90239-t ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 591-593 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Daniel M. Gordon

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Cellular Immune Response ◽

Malaria Vaccine ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Malaria Vaccine Candidate ◽

Cellular Immune

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Subunit influenza vaccine candidate based on CD154 fused to HAH5 increases the antibody titers and cellular immune response in chickens

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.05.033 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 152 (3-4) ◽

pp. 328-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Alaín González Pose ◽

Julia Noda Gómez ◽

Alina Venereo Sánchez ◽

Armando Vega Redondo ◽

Elsa Rodríguez Rodríguez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Cellular Immune Response ◽

Vaccine Candidate ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Cellular Immune

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Predictors and Dynamics of the Humoral and Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines in Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ◽

10.1681/asn.2021070908 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. ASN.2021070908

Author(s):

Jens Van Praet ◽

Marijke Reynders ◽

Dirk De Bacquer ◽

Liesbeth Viaene ◽

Melanie Schoutteten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Cellular Immune Response ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Serological Response ◽

Time Points ◽

Vaccine Type ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Cellular Immune

Background Preliminary evidence suggests that hemodialysis patients have a blunted early serological response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Optimizing vaccination strategy in this population requires a thorough understanding of predictors and dynamics of humoral and cellular immune responses to different SARS-CoV2 vaccines. Methods This prospective multicenter study of 543 hemodialysis patients and 75 healthy volunteers evaluated the immune responses at 4 or 5 weeks and 8 or 9 weeks after administration of the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine, respectively. We assessed anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies and T cell responses by IFN-γ of peripheral blood lymphocytes upon SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein stimulation (QuantiFERON assay) and evaluated potential predictors of the responses. Results Compared with healthy volunteers, hemodialysis patients had an incomplete, delayed humoral immune response and a blunted cellular immune response. Geometric mean antibody titers at both time points were significantly greater in patients vaccinated with mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2, and a larger proportion of them achieved the threshold of 4160 AU/ml, corresponding with high neutralizing antibody titers in vitro (53.6% versus 31.8% at 8 or 9 weeks, P<0.0001). Patients vaccinated with mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 exhibited significantly greater median QuantiFERON responses at both time points, and a larger proportion achieved the threshold of 0.15 IU/ml (64.4% versus 46.9% at 8 or 9 weeks, P<0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified COVID-19 experience, vaccine type, use of immunosuppressive drugs, serum albumin, lymphocyte count, hepatitis B vaccine nonresponder status, and dialysis vintage as independent predictors of the humoral and cellular responses. Conclusions The mRNA-1273 vaccine's greater immunogenicity may be related to its higher mRNA dose. This suggests that a high-dose vaccine might improve the impaired immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients.

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