Solubilization of hemicellulose and lignin from wheat straw through microwave-assisted alkali treatment

AbstractBioconversion of lignocellulosic materials into ethanol requires an intermediate pretreatment step for conditioning biomass. Sugar yields from wheat straw were previously improved by the addition of a mild alkali pretreatment step before bioconversion by the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus. In this work, an alternative alkaline treatment, which significantly reduces water consumption, was implemented and optimized. Sugar recovery increased 117% with respect to the previously developed alkaline wash process at optimal process conditions (30°C, 30 minutes and 35.7% (w/w) of NaOH). In order to further reduce operational costs, a system for alkali recycling was implemented. This resulted in the treatment of 150% more wheat straw using the same amount of NaOH. Finally, enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized and resulted in a reduction of enzyme dose of 33%.

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Production and characterization of lignin and cellulose fractions obtained from pretreated vine shoots by microwave assisted alkali treatment

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121726 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 289 ◽

pp. 121726 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Izaskun Dávila ◽

Javier Remón ◽

Patricia Gullón ◽

Jalel Labidi ◽

Vitaliy Budarin

Keyword(s):

Alkali Treatment ◽

Microwave Assisted

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Effects of Pretreatment Methods of Wheat Straw on Adsorption of Cd(II) from Waterlogged Paddy Soil

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16020205 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 205 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mengjie Wu ◽

Hongyu Liu ◽

Chunping Yang

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Ethanol Solution ◽

Acid Oxidation ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Dynamic Variations ◽

Behavior Study ◽

Effective Removal

Two types of pretreatment categories, namely microwave-assisted alkalization and microwave-assisted acid oxidation, were used to synthesize novel wheat straw adsorbents for the effective removal of Cd(II) in simulated waterlogged paddy soil. A systematic adsorption behavior study, including adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms was conducted. Results showed that wheat straw pretreated by microwave-assisted soaking of NaOH and ethanol solution obtained the highest Cd(II) removal efficiency of 96.4% at a reaction temperature of 25 ℃, pH of 7.0, initial Cd(II) concentration of 50 mg/L, and adsorbent/adsorbate ratio of 10 g/L. Sequential extraction experiment was carried out to analyze the changes of different of Cd(II) in soil, the aim of which was to study the mobility of Cd(II) and then evaluate the toxicity that Cd(II) might bring to plants. A 60-day incubation was performed to investigate the dynamic variations of soil pH and dissolved organic carbon content over incubation time. Characterization analyses revealed the morphological changes of wheat straw adsorbents, which suggested that those pretreatment methods were of significance. This study provided an environmentally friendly way to reuse agricultural wastes and remedy Cd(II) contaminated soil.

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Microwave assisted liquefaction of wheat straw alkali lignin for the production of monophenolic compounds

Journal of Energy Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s2095-4956(15)60286-8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 72-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Xinping Ouyang ◽

Guodian Zhu ◽

Xiangzhen Huang ◽

Xueqing Qiu

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Alkali Lignin ◽

Microwave Assisted

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Study the effect of fiber loading and alkali treatment on the mechanical and water absorption properties of wheat straw fiber-reinforced epoxy composites

Science and Engineering of Composite Materials ◽

10.1515/secm-2015-0441 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 731-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Varun Mittal ◽

Shishir Sinha

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Epoxy Resin ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Fiber Composites ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Absorption Properties ◽

Fiber Loading ◽

Treated Fiber

AbstractThe aim of this research was to study the feasibility of using wheat straw fiber with epoxy resin for developing natural fiber-polymer composites. For this purpose, the epoxy resin was reinforced with 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt.% of the wheat straw fiber with the help of the hand lay-up technique. Further, in order to improve the composite characteristic, wheat straw fibers were treated with three different concentrations of alkali (1%, 3%, and 5%). The mechanical and water absorption properties of the treated fiber composites were characterized and compared with those of untreated fiber-filled epoxy composites. It was observed that the mechanical properties and water resistance were reduced with the increase in wheat straw fiber loading from 5 to 25 wt.%. Among the three levels of alkali treatment, the composite made with 3% alkali-treated fiber exhibited superior mechanical properties than the other untreated and treated fiber composites, which pointed to an efficient fiber-matrix adhesion. The scanning electron microscope was used to observe the surface features of the wheat straw fiber.

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Utilization of low quality roughages: effects of alkali treatment of wheat straw on intake by and growth rate of cattle, with and without a supplement of cotton-seed meal

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600029993 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 241-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

N. Sriskandarajah ◽

R. C. Kellaway

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Cotton Seed ◽

Alkali Treatment ◽

Live Weight ◽

Seed Meal ◽

Plasma Urea ◽

Cotton Seed Meal ◽

Digestible Organic Matter

SUMMARYEffects of treating wheat straw with caustic soda solution and of providing a cottonseed meal supplement were studied with 40 Friesian heifers (280 kg live weight) in individual pens. Responses were measured in terms of food intake, growth rate and food conversion ratio.Wheat straw was coarsely-milled and fedad libitum, untreated (U) or alkali-treated (T); both types of straw were supplemented with urea and minerals. Half the animals on each type of straw were fed 500 g cotton-seed meal (C/day.Straw intake was higher with T than with U (P< 0·01) and unaffected by the cotton-seed meal supplement, being 4·53, 4·71, 6·58 and 6·56 kg/day on treatments U, UC, T and TC respectively. Alkali treatment and the cotton-seed meal supplement improved live-weight change (P< 0·001), being –6, 189, 334 and 495 g/day respectively.In vivodigestible organic matter in the dry matter, calculated from lignin ratios, was 59, 60, 64 and 64 respectively.Rumen VFA concentrations were significantly higher, molar proportions of acetic acid lower, propionic andn-butyrie acids higher in animals on T than on U. Plasma urea and rumen ammonia concentrations were lower on treatment T than on U.It was concluded that wheat straw which is coarsely-milled, NaOH-treated and sprayed with urea and minerals provides sufficient nutrients to allow cattle to grow and that additional gain obtained by feeding cotton-seed meal was predictable in terms of its energy contribution to the diet.

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