Internet as a multiple graph structure: The role of the transport layer

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Jan A. Audestad
Keyword(s):  
Transport Layer ◽  
Graph Structure ◽  
Multiple Graph

scholarly journals Analysis of the role of hole transport layer materials to the performance of perovskite solar cell

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 01021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istighfari Dzikri ◽  
Michael Hariadi ◽  
Retno Wigajatri Purnamaningsih ◽  
Nji Raden Poespawati
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cell ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer

Research in solar cells is needed to maximize Indonesia’s vast solar potential that can reach up to 207.898 MW with an average radiation of 4.8 kWh/m2/day. Organometallic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained immense attention due to their rapid increase in efficiency and compatibility with low-cost fabrication methods. Understanding the role of hole transport layer is very important to obtain highly efficient PSCs. In this work, we studied the effect of Hole Transport Layer (HTL) to the performance of perovskite solar cell. The devices with HTL exhibit substantial increase in power conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage and short circuit current compared to the device without HTL. The best performing device is PSC with CuSCN as HTL layer, namely Voc of 0.24, Isc of 1.79 mA, 0.27 FF and efficiency of 0.09%.

Role of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides as hole transport layer and counter electrode in solar cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 1464-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zahir Iqbal ◽  
Jameel‐Un Nabi ◽  
Saman Siddique ◽  
Hafiz Taimoor Ahmed Awan ◽  
Syed Shabhi Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides

Crucial Role of the Electron Transport Layer and UV Light on the Open-Circuit Voltage Loss in Inverted Organic Solar Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 34131-34138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélien Tournebize ◽  
Giorgio Mattana ◽  
Thérèse Gorisse ◽  
Antoine Bousquet ◽  
Guillaume Wantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Open Circuit Voltage ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Voltage Loss

scholarly journals CHOOSING A COMPRESSION STANDARD FOR TRANSMITTING A TELEVISION IMAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (333) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
M. Amreev ◽  
◽  
R. Safin ◽  
V. Yakubov ◽  
T. Pavlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Information Delivery ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Digital Television ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Television Image

With the advent of the MPEG-4 Visual and H.264 compression standards, the role of the MPEG-2 compression standard has not diminished at the present time, since these standards are largely compatible, especially for information highways. Today, in a number of countries, the MPEG-2 compression standard is actually the main one for broadcasting, the functioning of which is based on the operation of DVB-T terrestrial digital television systems. Due to the fact that the majority of the currently used STBs support the MPEG-2 standard, it will remain widespread for at least the next few years. The ITU-T H.264 /MPEG-4 Part 10 AVC standard (abbreviated as H.264/AVC) is a promising new technology for encoding and compressing audiovisual information. The compression efficiency of the H.264/AVC standard is higher than the MPEG-2 standard with equal visual perception. The H.264/AVC standard was developed independent of the transport layer of the transmission systems used. Therefore, information delivery in the H.264/AVC standard can be carried out using any existing transmission and broadcasting systems, including: systems with IP protocols (including streaming delivery), transport streams of broadcasting systems in the MPEG-2 standard, as well as specific formats H.264 / AVC files for storage and processing on servers.

Inverted-heterostructure based device of CH3NH3PbBr3 for Schottky photodiode

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 30101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Chaudhary ◽  
Ruchita Gautam ◽  
Shaily Choudhary ◽  
Ajay Singh Verma
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transport ◽  
Charge Carrier Mobility ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Light Excitation ◽  
Schottky Photodiode

In this paper, we have presented a device {FTO (Fluorine-doped tin Oxide)/TiO2/hybrid perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD/Al} of photoconductive material CH3NH3PbBr3 for the photovoltaic applications. TiO2 has been used as an electron transport layer, which plays the vital role of extracting electrons, transporting electrons, blocking holes and also aligned the perfect energy match with CH3NH3PbBr3. The current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of the fabricated device have been analyzed to evaluate the various diode parameters and understand the charge transport properties. We have analyzed of space charge limited conduction (SCLC) region to evaluate the charge carrier mobility and the calculated value was 1.59 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1. The mobility of carrier may also be extract by I–V characteristics with 0–10 V (charge transport graph). The current level in the device increases considerably under light excitation. Furthermore, impedance spectroscopy analysis has been performed to identify the internal circuit parameters of the photoconductive device.

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