Innate immune defense of the nail unit by antimicrobial peptides

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Dorschner ◽  
Belen Lopez-Garcia ◽  
Jennifer Massie ◽  
Choll Kim ◽  
Richard L. Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Defense

scholarly journals Plant Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Anticancer Agents

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaquelina Julia Guzmán-Rodríguez ◽  
Alejandra Ochoa-Zarzosa ◽  
Rodolfo López-Gómez ◽  
Joel E. López-Meza
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Innate Immune Defense ◽  
Wide Range

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are part of the innate immune defense mechanism of many organisms and are promising candidates to treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria to animals and humans. AMPs also display anticancer activities because of their ability to inactivate a wide range of cancer cells. Cancer remains a cause of high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, the development of methods for its control is desirable. Attractive alternatives include plant AMP thionins, defensins, and cyclotides, which have anticancer activities. Here, we provide an overview of plant AMPs anticancer activities, with an emphasis on their mode of action, their selectivity, and their efficacy.

The roles of grouper TANK in innate immune defense against iridovirus and nodavirus infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 506-516
Author(s):  
Jingguang Wei ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Jisheng Ou ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Zetian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Defense

Black carp STING functions importantly in innate immune defense against RNA virus

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Lu ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Sizhong Wu ◽  
Xuejiao Song ◽  
Ziqi Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Black Carp ◽  
Innate Immune Defense

scholarly journals Innate immune defense in the inner ear - mucines are expressed by the human endolymphatic sac

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin N. Møller ◽  
Svend Kirkeby ◽  
Per Cayé-Thomasen
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Endolymphatic Sac ◽  
Innate Immune Defense

scholarly journals Metabolic acidosis stimulates the production of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin in rabbit urine

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (5) ◽  
pp. F1061-F1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Peng ◽  
Jeffrey M. Purkerson ◽  
Andy L. Schwaderer ◽  
George J. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Innate Immune Defense ◽  
Normal Urine ◽  
Tract Infections

Intercalated cells of the collecting duct (CD) are critical for acid-base homeostasis and innate immune defense of the kidney. Little is known about the impact of acidosis on innate immune defense in the distal nephron. Urinary tract infections are mainly due to Escherichia coli and are an important risk factor for development of chronic kidney disease. While the effect of urinary pH on growth of E. coli is well established, in this study, we demonstrate that acidosis increases urine antimicrobial activity due, at least in part, to induction of cathelicidin expression within the CD. Acidosis was induced in rabbits by adding NH4Cl to the drinking water and reducing food intake over 3 days or by casein supplementation. Microdissected CDs were examined for cathelicidin mRNA expression and antimicrobial activity, and cathelicidin protein levels in rabbit urine were measured. Cathelicidin expression in CD cells was detected in kidney sections. CDs from acidotic rabbits expressed three times more cathelicidin mRNA than those isolated from normal rabbits. Urine from acidotic rabbits had significantly more antimicrobial activity (vs. E. coli) than normal urine, and most of this increased activity was blocked by cathelicidin antibody. The antibody had little effect on antimicrobial activity of normal urine. Urine from acidotic rabbits had at least twice the amount of cathelicidin protein as did normal urine. We conclude that metabolic acidosis not only stimulates CD acid secretion but also induces expression of cathelicidin and, thereby, enhances innate immune defense against urinary tract infections via induction of antimicrobial peptide expression.

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