Synergistic effect between melamine cyanurate and a novel flame retardant curing agent containing a caged bicyclic phosphate on flame retardancy and thermal behavior of epoxy resins

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongtong Ma ◽  
Chuigen Guo
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Melamine Cyanurate

scholarly journals A bio-based phosphaphenanthrene-containing derivative modified epoxy thermosets with good flame retardancy, high mechanical properties and transparency

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (49) ◽  
pp. 30943-30954
Author(s):  
Wei Peng ◽  
Yu-xuan Xu ◽  
Shi-bin Nie ◽  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
The Past ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Modified Epoxy

Phosphorus-containing flame retardants have received huge interest for improving the flame retardant behavior of epoxy resins (EP) over the past few decades.

Synthesis of a phosphorus–nitrogen-containing flame retardant and its application in epoxy resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Yang ◽  
Yefa Hu ◽  
Qiaoxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Heat Release Rate ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Cone Calorimeter Test

In this article, a phosphorus–nitrogen-containing flame retardant (DOPO-T) was successfully synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and cyanuric chloride. The chemical structure of DOPO-T was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and phosphorous-31 NMR, and elemental analysis. DOPO-T was then blended with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A to prepare flame-retardant epoxy resins. Thermal properties, flame retardancy, and combustion behavior of the cured epoxy resins were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, limited oxygen index (LOI) measurement, UL94 vertical burning test, and cone calorimeter test. The results indicated that the glass transition temperature ( Tg) and temperature at 5% weight loss of epoxy resin (EP)/DOPO-T thermosets were gradually decreased with the increasing content of DOPO-T. DOPO-T catalyzed the decomposition of EP matrix in advance. The flame-retardant performance of EP thermosets was significantly enhanced with the addition of DOPO-T. EP/DOPO-T-0.9 sample had an LOI value of 36.2% and achieved UL94 V-1 rating. In addition, the average of heat release rate, peak of heat release rate, average of effective heat of combustion, and total heat release (THR) of EP/DOPO-T-0.9 sample were decreased by 32%, 48%, 23%, and 31%, respectively, compared with the neat EP sample. Impressively, EP/DOPO-T thermosets acquired excellent flame retardancy under low loading of flame retardant.

scholarly journals Preparation and properties of flame-retardant epoxy resins containing reactive phosphorus flame retardant

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502090132
Author(s):  
Sang-Hoon Lee ◽  
Seung-Won Oh ◽  
Young-Hee Lee ◽  
Il-Jin Kim ◽  
Dong-Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Compound ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
The Impact

To prepare flame-retardant epoxy resin, phosphorus compound containing di-hydroxyl group (10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha phenanthrene-10-oxide, DOPO-HQ) was reacted with uncured epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, YD-128) and then cured using a curing agent (dicyandiamide, DICY). This study focused on the effect of phosphorus compound/phosphorus content on physical properties and flame retardancy of cured epoxy resin. The thermal decomposition temperature of the cured epoxy resins (samples: P0, P1.5, P2.0, and P2.5, the number represents the wt% of phosphorus) increased with increasing the content of phosphorus compound/phosphorus (0/0, 19.8/1.5, 27.8/2.0, and 36.8/2.5 wt%) based on epoxy resin. The impact strength of the cured epoxy resin increased significantly with increasing phosphorus compound content. As the phosphorus compound/phosphorus content increased from 0/0 to 36.8/2.5 wt%, the glass transition temperature (the peak temperature of loss modulus curve) increased from 135.2°C to 142.0°C. In addition, as the content of phosphorous compound increased, the storage modulus remained almost constant up to higher temperature. The limiting oxygen index value of cured epoxy resin increased from 21.1% to 30.0% with increasing phosphorus compound/phosphorus content from 0/0 to 36.8/2.5 wt%. The UL 94 V test result showed that no rating for phosphorus compounds less than 19.8 wt% and V-1 for 27.8 wt%. However, when the phosphorus compound was 36.8 wt%, the V-0 level indicating complete flame retardancy was obtained. In conclusion, the incorporation of phosphorus compounds into the epoxy chain resulted in improved properties such as impact strength and heat resistance, as well as a significant increase in flame retardancy.

Thermal Behavior of Epoxy Resins Cured with an Amine-Containing, Thermoplastic Poly(arylene Ether Sulphone)

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriana Motta ◽  
Antonino Rocca ◽  
Valentina Siracusa ◽  
Domenico Acierno
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Cure Process ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Diaminodiphenyl Methane ◽  
Residual Heat

Abstract In this paper we carried out the crosslinking of the tetraglycidyl-4,4′- diaminodiphenyl methane epoxy resin by using a reactive poly(arylene ether sulphone) as curing agent. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to derive the kinetic parameters of the reactions involved in the cure process and to evaluate the extent of the reaction as a function of time by measuring the total (ΔHr) and the residual heat(ΔHresid) of the resin at different curing times. A comparatively slower reaction was found to take place when the resin was cured with the poly(arylene ether sulphone) that when it was cured with the conventional curing agent 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulphone.

Improving thermal and flame-retardant properties of epoxy resins by a new imine linkage phosphorous-containing curing agent

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Xie ◽  
Jifu Du ◽  
Zhen Dong ◽  
Shaofa Sun ◽  
Long Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties

scholarly journals Flame retardant epoxy resin based on organic titanate and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-containing additives with synergistic effects

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (42) ◽  
pp. 26082-26088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birong Zeng ◽  
Yongzhou Liu ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
System P ◽  
Oligomeric Silsesquioxane

In order to develop epoxy resins possessing good thermal, mechanical, and flame retardancy performance, a synthesized POSS-bisDOPO was used as co-additive with tetrabutyl titanate to construct the ternary phosphorous–silicon–titanium synergy system.

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