Type D personality in never-depressed patients and the development of major and minor depression after acute coronary syndrome

Introduction: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the most common causes of death in patients with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). In addition to the known physical factors influencing the incidence of CVD, some psychologists have pointed to the role of psychological factors such as personality type. Objective: This study aimed to determine the role of type D personality in ACS patients in Iran in 2019. Materials and Methods: In a case-control study, 112 participants were included. A total of 56 patients with ACS were compared with 56 matched people without ACS. They were selected by the convenience sampling method. Type D scale 14 (DS14) was used to assess the type D personality. The Chi-squared test, independent t-test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the obtained data. Results: The Mean±SD age in the case group was 57.23±8.562 years, and in the Mean±SD age in the control group was 57.25±8.529 years. Also, most participants in both groups were men (71.4%). The result showed that type D personality was more prevalent in patients with ACS (26% vs 7.1%; P=0.006). Based on multivariate regression analysis and after controlling for demographic and clinical risk factors, type D personality was independently associated with ACS (OR=5.323, 95% CI; 0.987-28/712, P=0.052). Also, after investigating subscales, only social inhibition had a significant association with ACS (P=0.008). Conclusion: Type D personality is an independent risk factor of the ACS. Thus, type D personality may make people vulnerable to the ACS. Therefore, besides medical interventions, clinicians must consider behavioral interventions to reduce the incidence of ACS.

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Type D Personality, Self-Efficacy, and Medication Adherence Following an Acute Coronary Syndrome

Psychosomatic Medicine ◽

10.1097/psy.0b013e31823a5b2f ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 100-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Gerard J. Molloy ◽

Gemma Randall ◽

Anna Wikman ◽

Linda Perkins-Porras ◽

Nadine Messerli-Bürgy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Type D Personality ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D

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Female Psychological Adjustment Following an Acute Coronary Syndrome

Acta Médica Portuguesa ◽

10.20344/amp.7871 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 373

Author(s):

Joana Prata ◽

Amadeu Quelhas Martins ◽

Sónia Ramos ◽

Francisco Rocha-Gonçalves ◽

Rui Coelho

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Type D Personality ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

High Anxiety ◽

Female Patients ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D ◽

Antidepressant Use

Introduction: The outcomes of cardiovascular disease are consistently worse among women, regardless of age or disease severity. Such trend might arise from psychosocial factors, which should be examined in this population.Objective: To evaluate the influence of type-D personality on anxiety and depression symptoms reported by female patients after a first acute coronary syndrome.Material and Methods: As part of a larger study, 34 female patients with a first acute coronary syndrome were compared with 43 controls on psychosocial measures (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; type-D personality, DS - 14).Results: Hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.05), dyslipidemia (p < 0.05), type-D personality (p = 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.001) were more prevalent among patients. Exercise (p < 0.05) and antidepressant use (p < 0.05) were more common among controls. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that higher prevalence of hypertension (p < 0.05), dyslipidemia (p < 0.05), type-D personality (p < 0.05), anxiety (p < 0.05) and less antidepressant use (p < 0.05), were independently associated with acute coronary syndrome. Type-D personality was associated with higher Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores in controls (anxiety: p = 0.001; depression: p < 0.001) but not in patients.Discussion: High anxiety after an acute coronary syndrome might reflect a short-term adaptive response, albeit worsening the disease long-term prognosis. The lack of differences in some group comparisons (patients versus controls for depression scores; type-D ‘positive’ versus type-D ‘negative’ for anxiety and depression scores within patients) is discussed.Conclusion: Type-D personality, high anxiety, hypertension and dyslipidemia seem to cluster among female acute coronary syndrome patients. Nevertheless, type-D personality itself was not associated with higher anxiety and depressive scores during the post-acute period.

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Type-D Personality and Cortisol in Survivors of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Psychosomatic Medicine ◽

10.1097/psy.0b013e3181842e0c ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 70 (8) ◽

pp. 863-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Gerard J. Molloy ◽

Linda Perkins-Porras ◽

Philip C. Strike ◽

Andrew Steptoe

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D Personality ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D

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RELATION BETWEEN MAJOR AND MINOR DEPRESSION AND HEART RATE, HEART-RATE VARIABILITY, AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.100.3.1245-1254 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 1245 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

KATIJA CATIPOVIC-VESELICA

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Minor Depression ◽

Coronary Syndrome

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Relation between Major and Minor Depression and Heart Rate, Heart-Rate Variability, and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.100.4.1245-1254 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 100 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1245-1254 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Katija Čatipović-Veselica ◽

Andrea Galić ◽

Krešimir Jelić ◽

Vedrana Baraban-Glavaš ◽

Sandra Šarić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Minor Depression ◽

St Segment Elevation ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽

St Segment

This study examined the prevalence of major and minor depression in patients with acute coronary syndrome and their relation with heart rate and heart-rate variability, and clinical characteristics. The study group included 297 patients, 200 men and 97 women, between ages of 21 and 70 years ( M age = 57.5 ± 9.6), who were admitted to a coronary care unit with acute coronary syndrome and survived to discharge from the hospital. Major and minor depression were diagnosed using DSM-IV. There were 44.1% patients with acute coronary syndrome without depression, 29.3% with minor depression, and 26.6% with major depression. The prevalence of minor and major depression was more elevated in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina than in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Ventricular fibrillation and atrial fibrillation were more common in patients with major and minor depression than in patients without depression. The 24-hr. duration of heart-beat intervals and heart-rate variability were significantly lower in patients with major and minor depression than in patients without depression. This study implies that clinical depression was significantly comorbid with the acute coronary syndrome and was related to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age, sex, type of acute coronary syndrome, left ventricular failure, higher heart rate, and lower heart-rate variability.

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