Type D Personality, Self-Efficacy, and Medication Adherence Following an Acute Coronary Syndrome

Introduction: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the most common causes of death in patients with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). In addition to the known physical factors influencing the incidence of CVD, some psychologists have pointed to the role of psychological factors such as personality type. Objective: This study aimed to determine the role of type D personality in ACS patients in Iran in 2019. Materials and Methods: In a case-control study, 112 participants were included. A total of 56 patients with ACS were compared with 56 matched people without ACS. They were selected by the convenience sampling method. Type D scale 14 (DS14) was used to assess the type D personality. The Chi-squared test, independent t-test, and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the obtained data. Results: The Mean±SD age in the case group was 57.23±8.562 years, and in the Mean±SD age in the control group was 57.25±8.529 years. Also, most participants in both groups were men (71.4%). The result showed that type D personality was more prevalent in patients with ACS (26% vs 7.1%; P=0.006). Based on multivariate regression analysis and after controlling for demographic and clinical risk factors, type D personality was independently associated with ACS (OR=5.323, 95% CI; 0.987-28/712, P=0.052). Also, after investigating subscales, only social inhibition had a significant association with ACS (P=0.008). Conclusion: Type D personality is an independent risk factor of the ACS. Thus, type D personality may make people vulnerable to the ACS. Therefore, besides medical interventions, clinicians must consider behavioral interventions to reduce the incidence of ACS.

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Type D personality in never-depressed patients and the development of major and minor depression after acute coronary syndrome

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.052 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 155 ◽

pp. 194-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carlo Marchesi ◽

Paolo Ossola ◽

Francesca Scagnelli ◽

Francesca Paglia ◽

Sonja Aprile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D Personality ◽

Minor Depression ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Type D

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Female Psychological Adjustment Following an Acute Coronary Syndrome

Acta Médica Portuguesa ◽

10.20344/amp.7871 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 373

Author(s):

Joana Prata ◽

Amadeu Quelhas Martins ◽

Sónia Ramos ◽

Francisco Rocha-Gonçalves ◽

Rui Coelho

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Type D Personality ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

High Anxiety ◽

Female Patients ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D ◽

Antidepressant Use

Introduction: The outcomes of cardiovascular disease are consistently worse among women, regardless of age or disease severity. Such trend might arise from psychosocial factors, which should be examined in this population.Objective: To evaluate the influence of type-D personality on anxiety and depression symptoms reported by female patients after a first acute coronary syndrome.Material and Methods: As part of a larger study, 34 female patients with a first acute coronary syndrome were compared with 43 controls on psychosocial measures (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; type-D personality, DS - 14).Results: Hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.05), dyslipidemia (p < 0.05), type-D personality (p = 0.001) and anxiety (p < 0.001) were more prevalent among patients. Exercise (p < 0.05) and antidepressant use (p < 0.05) were more common among controls. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that higher prevalence of hypertension (p < 0.05), dyslipidemia (p < 0.05), type-D personality (p < 0.05), anxiety (p < 0.05) and less antidepressant use (p < 0.05), were independently associated with acute coronary syndrome. Type-D personality was associated with higher Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores in controls (anxiety: p = 0.001; depression: p < 0.001) but not in patients.Discussion: High anxiety after an acute coronary syndrome might reflect a short-term adaptive response, albeit worsening the disease long-term prognosis. The lack of differences in some group comparisons (patients versus controls for depression scores; type-D ‘positive’ versus type-D ‘negative’ for anxiety and depression scores within patients) is discussed.Conclusion: Type-D personality, high anxiety, hypertension and dyslipidemia seem to cluster among female acute coronary syndrome patients. Nevertheless, type-D personality itself was not associated with higher anxiety and depressive scores during the post-acute period.

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Type-D Personality and Cortisol in Survivors of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Psychosomatic Medicine ◽

10.1097/psy.0b013e3181842e0c ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 70 (8) ◽

pp. 863-868 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Gerard J. Molloy ◽

Linda Perkins-Porras ◽

Philip C. Strike ◽

Andrew Steptoe

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D Personality ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Type D

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TEXT messages to improve MEDication adherence and Secondary prevention (TEXTMEDS) after acute coronary syndrome: a randomised clinical trial protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019463 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e019463 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Clara K Chow ◽

Aravinda Thiagalingam ◽

Karla Santo ◽

Cindy Kok ◽

Jay Thakkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Text Message ◽

Randomised Clinical Trial ◽

Text Messages ◽

Improve Medication Adherence ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Secondary Outcomes

BackgroundIdentifying simple, low-cost and scalable means of supporting lifestyle change and medication adherence for patients following a cardiovascular (CV) event is important.ObjectiveThe TEXTMEDS (TEXT messages to improve MEDication adherence and Secondary prevention) study aims to investigate whether a cardiac education and support programme sent via mobile phone text message improves medication adherence and risk factor levels in patients following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Study designA single-blind, multicentre, randomised clinical trial of 1400 patients after an ACS with 12 months follow-up. The intervention group will receive multiple weekly text messages that provide information, motivation, support to adhere to medications, quit smoking (if relevant) and recommendations for healthy diet and exercise. The primary endpoint is the percentage of patients who are adherent to cardioprotective medications and the key secondary outcomes are mean systolic blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Secondary outcomes will also include total cholesterol, mean diastolic BP, the percentage of participants who are adherent to each cardioprotective medication class, the percentage of participants who achieve target levels of CV risk factors, major vascular events, hospital readmissions and all-cause mortality. The study will be augmented by formal economic and process evaluations to assess acceptability, utility and cost-effectiveness.SummaryThe study will provide multicentre randomised trial evidence of the effects of a text message-based programme on cardioprotective medication adherence and levels of CV risk factors.Ethics and disseminationPrimary ethics approval was received from Western Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC2012/12/4.1 (3648) AU RED HREC/13/WMEAD/15). Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and presentations at international conferences.Trial registration numberACTRN12613000793718; Pre-results.

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