One-year trajectories of mental health and work outcomes post return to work in patients with common mental disorders

AimTo report the types and duration of sickness certification for different common mental disorders (CMDs) and the prevalence of GP advice aimed at returning the patient to work.BackgroundIn the United Kingdom, common mental health problems, such and depression and stress, have become the main reasons for patients requesting a sickness certificate to abstain from usual employment. Increasing attention is being paid to mental health and its impact on employability and work capacity in all parts of the welfare system. However, relatively little is known about the extent to which different mental health diagnoses impact upon sickness certification outcomes, and how the GP has used the new fit note (introduced in 2010) to support a return to work for patients with mental health diagnoses.MethodsSickness certification data was collected from 68 UK-based general practices for a period of 12 months.FindingsThe study found a large part of all sickness absence certified by GPs was due to CMDs (29% of all sickness absence episodes). Females, younger patients and those living in deprived areas were more likely to receive a fit note for a CMD (compared with one for a physical health problem). The highest proportion of CMD fit notes were issued for ‘stress’. However, sickness certification for depression contributed nearly half of all weeks certified for mental health problems. Only 7% of CMD fit notes included any ‘may be fit’ advice from the GP, with type of advice varying by mental health diagnostic category. Patients living in the most socially deprived neighbourhoods were less likely to receive ‘may be fit’ advice on their CMD fit notes.

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Integrating Mental Health care and Vocational Rehabilitation to Improve Return to work rates for People on Sick Leave Because of Common Mental Disorders

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1505 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s787-s787

Author(s):

A. Hoff

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Sick Leave ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Return To Work ◽

Vocational Rehabilitation ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Treatment As Usual

IntroductionSick leave due to common mental disorders (CMD) has major negative influence on society because of the lost productivity, social benefits, and treatment costs, and OECD estimates that the cost is equivalent to 3.4% of the Danish gross domestic product.ObjectivesThe Objective is to examine, whether integrating mental health care with vocational rehabilitation, conveys shorter return to work (RTW) time, compared to treatment as usual, after sick leave due to a CMD such as depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders.AimsThe aims of the intervention of are to provide the shortest possible RTW time. Primary outcome is RTW time, and secondary outcomes are (a) time from RTW until recurrent sick leave and (b) symptom level a six months.MethodsPatients are included in one of two randomized controlled studies (anxiety or depression in one RCT, and stress-related disorders in another RCT), after referral from the municipality vocational rehabilitation (VR) center, after sick leave for at least four weeks. Patients, in both trials, are randomized into one of three groups, in a ratio of 1:1:1: (a) control group, where they receive treatment as usual in primary care and municipally located VR, (b) intervention group: mental health care (MHC) in the research project, and municipally located VR (not integrated), and (c) intervention group: MHC in the research project, integrated with a special project VR.ResultsWe are currently including, and as of December 2016, more than 300 are included. The total sample will be 1536 patients.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

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Towards a New Definition of Return-to-Work Outcomes in Common Mental Disorders from a Multi-Stakeholder Perspective

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0039947 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. e39947 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Hiske L. Hees ◽

Karen Nieuwenhuijsen ◽

Maarten W. J. Koeter ◽

Ute Bültmann ◽

Aart H. Schene

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Return To Work ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Work Outcomes ◽

Stakeholder Perspective ◽

Definition Of ◽

Multi Stakeholder

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Longer Residence of Ecuadorian and Colombian Migrant Workers in Spain Associated with New Episodes of Common Mental Disorders

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16112027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 2027 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena Ronda-Pérez ◽

José Miguel Martínez ◽

Alison Reid ◽

Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Immigrant Worker ◽

One Year ◽

Working Populations ◽

Employment Characteristics

The healthy migrant effect and its impact on mental health has been reported in the general population of many countries. Information is limited about its impact on working populations. The aim of this study is to estimate the incidence of common mental disorders over a one-year follow-up period among a cohort of Colombian and Ecuadorian employees in Spain, taking into account the duration of residence and comparing with Spanish-born workers. Data was from the Longitudinal Studies on Immigrant Families Project (PELFI), a follow-up survey of immigrants and Spanish-born workers interviewed in 2015 and 2016. Mental health was assessed using the 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORas) for common mental disorders by sociodemographic and employment characteristics were created. There were differences for immigrants with time of residence less than or equal to 15 years (time of residence 11–15 years: ORa = 0.06, 95% CI = (0.26–0.01); time of residence 1–10 years: ORa = 0.06, 95% CI = (0.36–0.01)). There was evidence of a healthy immigrant worker effect, as newer arrivals from Ecuador and Columbia to Spain had a lower incidence of common mental disorders than either the Spanish-born or immigrant workers who had lived in Spain for more than 15 years.

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The WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys

Die Psychiatrie ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1671923 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 06 (01) ◽

pp. 5-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S. Aguilar-Gaxiola ◽

J. Alonso ◽

S. Chatterji ◽

S. Lee ◽

T. B. Üstün ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Health Policy ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Cost Effective ◽

World Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Estimates

SummaryThe paper presents an overview of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative and summarizes recent WMH results regarding the prevalence and societal costs of mental disorders. The WMH surveys are representative community surveys that were carried out in 28 countries throughout the world aimed at providing information to mental health policy makers about the prevalence, burden, and unmet need for treatment of common mental disorders. Results show that mental disorders are commonly occurring in all participating countries. The inter-quartile range (IQR: 25th-75th percentiles) of lifetime DSM-IV disorder prevalence estimates (combining anxiety, mood, disruptive behavior, and substance disorders) is 18.1-36.1%. The IQR of 12-month prevalence estimates is 9.8-19.1%. Analysis of age-of-onset reports shows that many mental disorders begin in childhood-adolescence and have significant adverse effects on subsequent role transitions. Adult mental disorders are found in the WMH data to be associated with high levels of role impairment. Despite this burden, the majority of mental disorders go untreated. Although these results suggest that expansion of treatment could be cost-effective from both the employer perspective and the societal perspective, treatment effectiveness trials are needed to confirm this suspicion. The WMH results regarding impairments are being used to target several such interventions.

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Is Pacific language ability protective of prevalence of mental disorders among Pacific peoples in New Zealand?

Pacific Health Dialog ◽

10.26635/phd.2018.902 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eirenei Taua'i ◽

Rose Richards ◽

Jesse Kokaua

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

New Zealand ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Health Services ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Health Disorder ◽

Positive Role ◽

Pacific People ◽

Language Promotion

Aims: To explore associations between experiences of mental illness, migration status and languages spoken among Pacific adults living in NZ. Methods: SURVEY FREQ and SURVEY LOGISTIC procedures in SAS were applied to data from Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand (NZ) Mental Health Survey, a survey of 12,992 New Zealand adults aged 16 and over in 2003/2004. Pacific people were over sampled and this paper focuses on the 2374 Pacific participants but includes, for comparison, 8160 non-Maori-non-Pacific (NMNP) participants. Results: Pacific migrant respondents had the lowest prevalence of mental disorders compared to other Pacific peoples. However, Pacific immigrants were also less likely to use mental health services, suggesting an increased likelihood of experiencing barriers to available mental health care. Those who were born in NZ and who were proficient in a Pacific language had the lowest levels of common mental disorders, suggesting a protective effect for the NZ-born population. Additionally, access to mental health services was similar between NZ-born people who spoke a Pacific language and those who did not. Conclusions: We conclude that, given the association between Pacific language and reduced mental disorder, there may be a positive role for Pacific language promotion in efforts to reduce the prevalence of mental health disorder among Pacific communities in NZ.

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Evidence-Based Practice in School Mental Health

10.1093/oso/9780190886578.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Adolescent Psychopathology ◽

Real Life ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Dsm 5 ◽

School Based ◽

K 12

Schools have become the default mental health providers for children and adolescents, but they are often poorly equipped to meet the mental health needs of their students. The introduction tackles how to make students eligible for school-based services using the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. Using the new DSM-5 as an organizing principle, this book then addresses the 12 most common mental disorders of childhood and adolescence, ages 3–18. While there are many books that address child and adolescent psychopathology, this book focuses on how to help students with mental disorders in pre-K–12 schools. Each chapter addresses the prevalence of a disorder in school-age populations, appropriate diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, comorbid disorders, rapid assessment instruments available, school-based interventions using multitiered systems of support, and easy-to-follow suggestions for progress monitoring. Unique to this book, each chapter has detailed suggestions for how school-based clinicians can collaborate with teachers, parents, and community providers to address the needs of youth with mental health problems so that school, home, and community work together. Each chapter ends with a list of extensive web resources and a real-life case example drawn from the clinical practice of the authors. The final chapter addresses two newly proposed diagnoses for self-harm in the DSM-5 and brings a cautious and sensible approach to assessing and helping students who may be at risk for serious self-injury or suicide.

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Common Mental Disorders and Substance Use in School Children of Eastern Nepal

Journal of Psychiatrists Association of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpan.v8i1.26331 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

P Sharma ◽

N Thakur ◽

S Sharma ◽

M Pokharel

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

School Mental Health ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Common Mental Health Problems ◽

Current Scenario ◽

History Of

Introduction: School mental health is one of the important areas where early detection can lead to appropriate early intervention and burden of disease can be minimized. There is dearth of prevalence studies of common mental disorders on school going adolescents in Nepal. Considering this we aimed to study the prevalence of common mental health problems and substance use in school going adolescents. Material And Method: We evaluated 240 students for common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) using translated version of PHQ-4 and substance use single validated question after taking consent from school authorities and assent from students. Results: It was seen that 68.8 % students had psychological distress. 22.9 % and 27.5% of students had anxiety and depression respectively on screener and 23.3% students had use of substance at least once within a year. When compared male had significantly higher number of substance use as compared to female but no difference in PHQ-4 scores were seen when compared between gender and history of substance use. Conclusion: The study shows the current scenario of school going adolescents in Nepal and highlights the need of prevalence data on more generalizable setting.

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Perinatal mental health around the world: priorities for research and service development in Africa

BJPsych International ◽

10.1192/bji.2020.16 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 56-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mwawi Ng'oma ◽

Tesera Bitew ◽

Malinda Kaiyo-Utete ◽

Charlotte Hanlon ◽

Simone Honikman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Large Scale ◽

Infant Health ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Maternal Mental Health ◽

Service Development ◽

Middle Income ◽

The Right

Africa is a diverse and changing continent with a rapidly growing population, and the mental health of mothers is a key health priority. Recent studies have shown that: perinatal common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) are at least as prevalent in Africa as in high-income and other low- and middle-income regions; key risk factors include intimate partner violence, food insecurity and physical illness; and poor maternal mental health is associated with impairment of infant health and development. Psychological interventions can be integrated into routine maternal and child healthcare in the African context, although the optimal model and intensity of intervention remain unclear and are likely to vary across settings. Future priorities include: extension of research to include neglected psychiatric conditions; large-scale mixed-method studies of the causes and consequences of perinatal common mental disorders; scaling up of locally appropriate evidence-based interventions, including prevention; and advocacy for the right of all women in Africa to safe holistic maternity care.

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