Outlier-response pattern checks to improve measurement with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rabinowitz ◽  
Alon A. Rabinowitz
Keyword(s):  
Response Pattern ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Improve Measurement

D-test: A New Test for Analyzing Scale Invariance Using Symbolic Dynamics and Symbolic Entropy

Methodology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Martínez ◽  
Manuel Ruiz Marín
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Dynamics ◽  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Measurement Scales ◽  
Improve Measurement ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this study is to improve measurement in marketing research by constructing a new, simple, nonparametric, consistent, and powerful test to study scale invariance. The test is called D-test. D-test is constructed using symbolic dynamics and symbolic entropy as a measure of the difference between the response patterns which comes from two measurement scales. We also give a standard asymptotic distribution of our statistic. Given that the test is based on entropy measures, it avoids smoothed nonparametric estimation. We applied D-test to a real marketing research to study if scale invariance holds when measuring service quality in a sports service. We considered a free-scale as a reference scale and then we compared it with three widely used rating scales: Likert-type scale from 1 to 5 and from 1 to 7, and semantic-differential scale from −3 to +3. Scale invariance holds for the two latter scales. This test overcomes the shortcomings of other procedures for analyzing scale invariance; and it provides researchers a tool to decide the appropriate rating scale to study specific marketing problems, and how the results of prior studies can be questioned.

Rasch calibration of the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532090476
Author(s):  
Natalie Papini ◽  
Minsoo Kang ◽  
Seungho Ryu ◽  
Emily Griese ◽  
Taylor Wingert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Weight Management Program ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Improve Measurement

Rasch modeling was used to examine the 25-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale within adults ( n = 410) in a weight management program. Rasch analysis assessed model-data fit, item difficulty and person’s resilience level, an item-person map to evaluate relative distribution items and persons, and rating scale function. Four misfit items were identified and removed. Item difficulty ranged from 1.25 to 1.19 logits (higher logit values indicate more difficult items). Persons’ resilience level had wide distribution (resilience = 2.27 ± 1.56 logits). Item difficulty levels did not adequately assess higher resilience levels. An improved inventory that measures a wider range of resilient behaviors would improve measurement quality.

scholarly journals Only Cervical Segments C0-C2, Not C3 Are Relevant for Subgrouping Migraine Patients According to Manual Palpation and Pain Provocation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Schwarz ◽  
Kerstin Luedtke ◽  
Thomas Schoettker-Koeniger
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Item Difficulty ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Pain Response ◽  
Upper Cervical Spine ◽  
Pain Provocation ◽  
Upper Cervical ◽  
Manual Palpation

Abstract Background and Aims: Subgrouping of migraine patients according to the pain response to manual palpation of the upper cervical spine has been recently described. Based on the neuroanatomy and the convergence of spinal and trigeminal nerves in the trigeminocervical complex, the cervical segments C1 to C3 are potentially relevant. To date it has not been investigated whether palpation results of all upper cervical segments are based on one underlying construct which allows combining the results of several tests.Methods: Seventy-one migraine patients with chronic or frequent episodic migraine diagnosed according to the IHS classification version 3 were examined by one physiotherapist. Manual palpation was performed on the upper three cervical segments unilaterally left and right. The results of the palpation according to the patients’ responses were combined using factor analysis to determine whether results from all three segments form one underlying construct. In addition, item response theory (IRT) was used to investigate the structure of the response pattern as well as item difficulty and discriminationFindings: Factor analysis (principal component) showed that the palpation of C3 loads less onto the underlying construct than the palpation of C1 and C2. Considering a cut-off value >1.0, the eigenvalues of all three segments do not represent one underlying construct. When excluding the results from C3, remaining items form one construct. The internal consistency of the pain response to palpation of C1 and C2 is acceptable with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.69. IRT analysis showed that the rating scale model fits best to the pain response pattern. The discrimination value (1.24) was equal for all 4 items. Item difficulty showed a clear hierarchical structure between the palpation of C1 and C2, indicating that people with a higher impairment are more likely to respond with referred pain during palpation of the segment C2. Conclusion: Statistical analysis confirms that results from the palpation of the cervical segments C1 and C2 in migraine patients can be combined. IRT analysis confirmed the ordinal pattern of the pain response and showed the higher probability of a pain response during palpation of C2. Registration of main Study: German registry of clinical trials (DRKS00015995), Registered 20. December 2018, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/setLocale_EN.do

scholarly journals Consistency checks to improve measurement with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rabinowitz ◽  
Nina R Schooler ◽  
Brianne Brown ◽  
Mads Dalsgaard ◽  
Nina Engelhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Improve Measurement

Effect of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Dysphagia After Lateral Medullary Infarction: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1381-1387
Author(s):  
Ying Yuan ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Dongyu Wu ◽  
Dahua Zhang ◽  
Weiqun Song
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Nasogastric Feeding ◽  
Lateral Medullary Infarction ◽  
Severe Dysphagia ◽  
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Medullary Infarction

Purpose Severe dysphagia with weak pharyngeal peristalsis after dorsal lateral medullary infarction (LMI) requires long-term tube feeding. However, no study is currently available on therapeutic effectiveness in severe dysphagia caused by nuclear damage of vagus nerve after dorsal LMI. The purpose of the present investigation was to explore the potential of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) to improve severe dysphagia with weak pharyngeal peristalsis after dorsal LMI. Method We assessed the efficacy of 6-week tVNS in a 28-year-old woman presented with persisting severe dysphagia after dorsal LMI who had been on nasogastric feeding for 6 months. tVNS was applied for 20 min twice a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. The outcome measures included saliva spitted, Swallow Function Scoring System, Functional Oral Intake Scale, Clinical Assessment of Dysphagia With Wallenberg Syndrome, Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale, and upper esophagus X-ray examination. Results After tVNS, the patient was advanced to a full oral diet without head rotation or spitting. No saliva residue was found in the valleculae and pyriform sinuses. Contrast medium freely passed through the upper esophageal sphincter. Conclusion Our findings suggest that tVNS might provide a useful means for recovery of severe dysphagia with weak pharyngeal peristalsis after dorsal LMI. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9755438

Preliminary Findings on the Use of Session Questionnaires to Improve Clinician-Client Alliance With Special Consideration to Clinical Education

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Anu Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Specific Feedback ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective

ASHA's focus on evidence-based practice (EBP) includes the family/stakeholder perspective as an important tenet in clinical decision making. The common factors model for treatment effectiveness postulates that clinician-client alliance positively impacts therapeutic outcomes and may be the most important factor for success. One strategy to improve alliance between a client and clinician is the use of outcome questionnaires. In the current study, eight parents of toddlers who attended therapy sessions at a university clinic responded to a session outcome questionnaire that included both rating scale and descriptive questions. Six graduate students completed a survey that included a question about the utility of the questionnaire. Results indicated that the descriptive questions added value and information compared to using only the rating scale. The students were varied in their responses regarding the effectiveness of the questionnaire to increase their comfort with parents. Information gathered from the questionnaire allowed for specific feedback to graduate students to change behaviors and created opportunities for general discussions regarding effective therapy techniques. In addition, the responses generated conversations between the client and clinician focused on clients' concerns. Involving the stakeholder in identifying both effective and ineffective aspects of therapy has advantages for clinical practice and education.

AAC Collaboration Using the Self-Anchored Rating Scales (SARS): An Aphasia Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Lynn E. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Family Counseling ◽  
The Self ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Solution Focused

Abstract The self-anchored rating scale (SARS) is a technique that augments collaboration between Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) interventionists, their clients, and their clients' support networks. SARS is a technique used in Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, a branch of systemic family counseling. It has been applied to treating speech and language disorders across the life span, and recent case studies show it has promise for promoting adoption and long-term use of high and low tech AAC. I will describe 2 key principles of solution-focused therapy and present 7 steps in the SARS process that illustrate how clinicians can use the SARS to involve a person with aphasia and his or her family in all aspects of the therapeutic process. I will use a case study to illustrate the SARS process and present outcomes for one individual living with aphasia.

Testing the Significance of the Agreement Among Observers

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin A. Young ◽  
Tom D. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Speech Disorder ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Observer Ratings

Ratings by observers are often used in speech pathology to measure complex speech dimensions; this seems reasonable since a speech “disorder” represents the product of an observer’s evaluation and a speaker’s performance. An index of the validity of these evaluations may be estimated by the amount of agreement among the observers. In this paper, the semi-interquartile range and the intraclass correlation are discussed as possible indices of agreement, and another index is suggested, based on the range of observer ratings. Under the assumption that the distribution of ratings is uniform when ratings are randomly assigned, that is, the observers show no agreement, tables were constructed to indicate the probability of any range for selected numbers of observers and rating scale categories. Some applications for this index concern the training of observers, estimating the number of observers needed, and the construction of master scales.

Stimulus Ratio Effects on Speech Discrimination by Children and Adults

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan E. Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Discrimination Accuracy ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Adults And Children

This investigation examined the response strategies and discrimination accuracy of adults and children aged 5–10 as the ratio of same to different trials was varied across three conditions of a “change/no-change” discrimination task. The conditions varied as follows: (a) a ratio of one-third same to two-thirds different trials (33% same), (b) an equal ratio of same to different trials (50% same), and (c) a ratio of two-thirds same to one-third different trials (67% same). Stimuli were synthetic consonant-vowel syllables that changed along a place of articulation dimension by formant frequency transition. Results showed that all subjects changed their response strategies depending on the ratio of same-to-different trials. The most lax response pattern was observed for the 50% same condition, and the most conservative pattern was observed for the 67% same condition. Adult response patterns were most conservative across condition. Differences in discrimination accuracy as measured by P(C) were found, with the largest difference in the 5- to 6-year-old group and the smallest change in the adult group. These findings suggest that children’s response strategies, like those of adults, can be manipulated by changing the ratio of same-to-different trials. Furthermore, interpretation of sensitivity measures must be referenced to task variables such as the ratio of same-to-different trials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document