109. Racial/Ethnic Identity, and Mental Health and Substance Use Status as Predictors of Arrest and Arrest Outcomes in a Large Sample of First Time Juvenile Offenders

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. S57-S58
Author(s):  
Katherine S.L. Lau ◽  
Aaron Willis ◽  
Marc B. Rosenman ◽  
Sarah E. Wiehe ◽  
Wanzhu Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
First Time ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Racial-ethnic Identity Pairings and Mental Health of Second-generation Asian Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Vaghela ◽  
Koji Ueno
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Identity Conflict ◽  
Asian Adolescents ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Second-generation adolescents experience identity conflict when trying to adapt to the United States. This identity conflict may be compounded for Asians, who experience racialization of their ethnicity. This intensity of identity conflict and racialization of ethnicity is reflected in different pairings of racial and ethnic identities (e.g., Hyphenated-Nationality, Hyphenated-Asian). We examine how these identity pairings are associated with mental health. Analysis used a sample of 1,308 second-generation Asian adolescents (aged 15–19) from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study Wave 2 (1995–1996). Although not all associations were significant, low levels of identity conflict tended to be associated with lower levels of depression and more problem behaviors. Perhaps these identity pairings help reduce depression by lowering identity conflict while increasing peer conflicts. The analysis also showed that among adolescents with the same type of ethnic identity, mental health varied across racial identity, highlighting the importance of examining identity pairings.

scholarly journals 1A Nationwide Analysis of U.S. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Emergency Department Patients with Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Weinreb ◽  
Penina Gavrilova ◽  
Jonathan Avery ◽  
Sean M. Murphy ◽  
Jyotishman Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
Wait Times ◽  
Hispanic Patients ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Triage Level ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
White Patients

Abstract BackgroundRacial and ethnic health disparities have been linked with inequalities in access to health care and outcomes. The present study considers whether inequalities persist between racial/ethnic groups among patients with mental health or substance use disorders who visit the emergency department (ED). MethodsWe analyzed data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) from 2012-2018, assessing health disparities among patients diagnosed with mental health or substance use disorders by observing whether significant differences exist in ED wait time and length of visit (LOV) for patients of different races/ethnicities. Stratified models were performed to further understand the impact of regions across the U.S., year, and triage level on the association analysis. ResultsFrom 2012-2018, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients experienced significantly longer ED wait times and LOV as compared to White patients. Patients with private insurance experienced significantly shorter wait times compared to patients with self-pay, and shorter LOV than those with Medicaid/ Children’s Health Insurance Program, or Medicare. Male patients had significantly longer LOV compared to female patients. We observed year by year differences in wait times of non-Hispanic Black patients with improvement appearing between the years 2013 to 2016, while LOV remained consistently longer. We observed both regional and triage level differences, with the U.S. Northeast presenting with the most disparities. Additionally, we noted a general upward trend of SUD diagnoses. Conclusion Our analysis suggests that while there has been an overall improvement in median ED wait time through the years, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients experience significantly longer ED wait time compared to non-Hispanic White patients. Additionally, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients have a significantly longer ED LOV compared to non-Hispanic White patients.

Mental health correlates of substance use behaviors among a nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Proctor ◽  
Albert M. Kopak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
Nationally Representative

Purpose This paper aims to extend previous findings by identifying the mental health correlates of both acute and chronic substance use behaviors among a large nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders. Design/methodology/approach Survey of Youth in Residential Placement interview data from 6,920 juvenile offenders (76% male) detained in 290 US facilities were analyzed to determine bivariate relationships between two indicators of substance use (acute and chronic) and seven mental health domains (depression/isolation, anxiety, anger, trauma, inattention, hallucinations and suicidality). Findings Prevalence rates of above average indications for all seven mental health domains were significantly higher among offenders under the influence of a substance at the time they committed their instant offense compared to those not under the influence. Offenders with above average indications in the seven studied mental health areas reported a higher level of chronic effects of substance use relative to those with average or below mental health indications. Practical implications The results have important implications for the assessment and treatment of co-occurring mental health issues among juvenile offenders with substance use issues. Juveniles with above average mental health indications may be more prone to experiencing a number of substance-related problems. Observed results may guide the implementation of routine assessment procedures at the juvenile detention level. Intake specialists should screen and administer comprehensive mental health assessments for juveniles who report substance intoxication at the time of their instant offense. Juvenile offenders who report clinical levels of mental health symptoms should receive a comprehensive assessment of substance use and related problems. Originality/value Although the co-occurrence of substance use and mental health issues among juvenile justice involved populations is well documented, previous research studies in this area have included a number of limitations. Relatively small offender sample populations, often from a single facility, warrant further work with a large, nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders. Inconsistency in measures of substance use and the failure to distinguish between acute and chronic measures of substance use in prior studies also require further investigation. This study contributes to the extant co-occurring substance use and mental health knowledge base by identifying the mental health correlates of both acute and chronic substance use behaviors among a large nationally representative sample of juvenile offenders.

Psychiatric Symptoms and Substance Use Among Juvenile Offenders

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1296-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Vaughn ◽  
Stacey Freedenthal ◽  
Jeffrey M. Jenson ◽  
Matthew O. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Traumatic Experiences

The high rate of co-occurring mental health and substance abuse problems among antisocial and delinquent youth is a widely recognized problem in the juvenile justice system. Yet few studies have delineated meaningful clinical distinctions in the characteristics of offenders with co-occurring problems. Latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of juvenile offenders based on clinically relevant measures of psychiatric symptoms (including past traumatic experiences), lifetime substance use, and drug- and alcohol-related problems stemming from the use of psychoactive substances in a statewide population ( n = 723). Findings revealed that a four-class solution fit the data optimally. The four classes identified represented a severity-based gradient of symptom and substance use endorsement ranging from a mild subgroup ( n = 195; 27.0%), to moderately low ( n = 250; 34.6%) and high ( n = 197; 27.2%) subgroups, and finally, a severely distressed subgroup ( n = 81; 11.2%). Implications for identifying and treating young offenders with co-occurring mental health and substance abuse problems are noted.

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