Age and Gender Modulate the Neural Circuitry Supporting Facial Emotion Processing in Adults with Major Depressive Disorder

Background: Reduced cerebral blood flow in parieto-occipital regions has been reported in neurodegenerative disorders using ASL. We aimed to investigate neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative comorbidities that may associate with parieto-occipital region hypoperfusion. Methods: This was a retrospective single-center study. Between March 2017 to May 2018, adult patients who underwent brain MRI with the inclusion of ASL perfusion and who had bilateral reductions of CBF in the parieto-occipital regions were included. ASL was performed using a pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) technique on 1.5T MR system. Age and gender-matched patients with no perfusion defect were concurrently collected. Comorbidity data was collected from EMR, including major depressive disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Schizophrenia, anxiety disorder, hypertension, diabetes mellitus type II, coronary artery disease, and chronic kidney disease. A Pearson’s Chi-Square test was performed to assess for comorbidities associated with hypoperfusion of the parieto-occipital lobes. Results: Our patient cohort consisted of 93 patients with bilateral hypoperfusion in the parieto-occipital lobes and 93 age and gender-matched patients without corresponding perfusion defects based on ASL-CBF. Among the comorbidities assessed, there was a statistically significant association between hypoperfusion of the parieto-occipital lobes and major depressive disorder (p=0.004) and Parkinson’s disease (p=0.044). There was no statistically significant association for Alzheimer’s disease, generalized anxiety disorder, diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, coronary artery disease, or chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: Major depressive disorder may be linked to regional parieto-occipital hypoperfusion on ASL.

Download Full-text

Age and gender analysis of baseline depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder treated with Desvenlafaxine Succinate or placebo

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.506 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 ◽

pp. S256

Author(s):

S.G. Kornstein ◽

M. Fava ◽

K. Tourian ◽

L. Lamm ◽

Q. Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Gender Analysis ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender

Download Full-text

A Network Analysis of Major Depressive Disorder Symptoms and Age- and Gender-Related Differences in People over 65 in a Madrid Community Sample (Spain)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17238934 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (23) ◽

pp. 8934

Author(s):

Miguel Ángel Castellanos ◽

Berta Ausín ◽

Sara Bestea ◽

Clara González-Sanguino ◽

Manuel Muñoz

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Community Sample ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most prevalent conditions among mental disorders in individuals over 65 years. People over 65 who suffer from MDD are often functionally impaired, chronically physically ill, and express cognitive problems. The concordance between a clinician-assessed MDD diagnosis in a primary care setting and MDD assessed with a structured clinical interview in older adults is only approximately 18%. Network analysis may provide an alternative statistical technique to better understand MDD in this population by a dimensional approach to symptomatology. The aim of this study was to carry out a network analysis of major depressive disorder (MDD) in people over 65 years old. A symptom network analysis was conducted according to age and gender in 555 people over 65, using a sample from the MentDis_ICF65+ Study. The results revealed different networks for men and women, and for the age groups 65–74 and 75–84. While depressive mood stood out in women, in men the network was more dispersed with fatigue or loss of energy and sleep disturbances as the main symptoms. In the 65–74 age group, the network was complex; however, in the 75–84 age group, the network was simpler with sleep disturbances as the central symptom. The gaps between the networks indicate the different characteristics of MDD in the elderly, with variations by gender and age, supporting the idea that MDD is a complex dynamic system that has unique characteristics in each person, rather than a prototypical classification with an underlying mental disorder. These unique characteristics can be taken into account in the clinical practice for detection and intervention of MDD.

Download Full-text

Early post‐treatment blood oxygenation level‐dependent responses to emotion processing associated with clinical response to pharmacological treatment in major depressive disorder

Brain and Behavior ◽

10.1002/brb3.2287 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rebecca J. Williams ◽

Elliot C. Brown ◽

Darren L. Clark ◽

G. Bruce Pike ◽

Rajamannar Ramasubbu

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Clinical Response ◽

Pharmacological Treatment ◽

Emotion Processing ◽

Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent ◽

Blood Oxygenation ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Blood Oxygenation Level ◽

Oxygenation Level

Download Full-text

P.304 Associations between disease course and abnormal brain function during emotion processing in major depressive disorder

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.01.065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. S41-S42

Author(s):

H. Lemke ◽

L. Waltemate ◽

K. Thiel ◽

A. Winter ◽

S. Meinert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Brain Function ◽

Emotion Processing ◽

Disease Course ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Abnormal Brain

Download Full-text

Employment and earnings trajectories before and after sickness absence due to major depressive disorder: a nationwide case–control study

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oemed-2020-106660 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. oemed-2020-106660

Author(s):

Christian Hakulinen ◽

Petri Böckerman ◽

Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽

Marianna Virtanen ◽

Marko Elovainio

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Lower Probability ◽

Control Group ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Earnings Losses ◽

Before And After ◽

History Of ◽

And Gender

ObjectivesTo examine employment and earnings trajectories before and after the first sickness absence period due to major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsAll individuals (n=158 813) in Finland who had a first sickness absence period (lasting longer than 9 days) due to MDD between 2005 and 2015 were matched with one randomly selected individual of the same age and gender with no history of MDD. Employment status and earnings were measured using register-based data annually from 2005 to 2015. Generalised estimating equations were used to examine the trajectories of employment and earnings before and after MDD diagnosis in men and women separately.ResultsSickness absence due to MDD was associated with increased probability of non-employment during and after the year of the first sickness absence period. In men, but not in women, the probability of being employed was lower 5 years before the sickness absence period due to MDD. When compared with the individuals in the control group, men had around 34% and women 15% lower earnings 1 year, and 40% and 23%, respectively, 5 years, after the first sickness absence period due to MDD. More severe MDD and longer duration of sickness absence period were associated with lower probability of being employed.ConclusionsSickness absence due to MDD was associated with considerable reduction in employment and earnings losses. For men and individuals with more severe MDD, this reduction was before the first sickness period. This supports a reciprocal association between employment and earnings with MDD.

Download Full-text