scholarly journals Association of High Area Deprivation Index and “Textbook Outcomes” after Inpatient Surgical Procedures

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. S117
Author(s):  
Jeongsoo Kim ◽  
Richard C. Simon ◽  
Susanne Schmidt ◽  
Bradley B. Brimhall ◽  
Chen-Pin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
High Area

scholarly journals Neighborhood Deprivation Shapes Motivational-Neurocircuit Recruitment in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 881-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teagan S. Mullins ◽  
Ethan M. Campbell ◽  
Jeremy Hogeveen
Keyword(s):  
Attention Problems ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Disadvantaged Neighborhoods ◽  
Reward Anticipation ◽  
High Area ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Monetary Incentive Delay ◽  
Motivated Behaviors

Implementing motivated behaviors on the basis of prior reward is central to adaptive human functioning, but aberrant reward-motivated behavior is a core feature of neuropsychiatric illness. Children from disadvantaged neighborhoods have decreased access to rewards, which may shape motivational neurocircuits and risk for psychopathology. Here, we leveraged the unprecedented neuroimaging data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to test the hypothesis that neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage shapes the functional recruitment of motivational neurocircuits in children. Specifically, via the ABCD study’s monetary-incentive-delay task ( N = 6,396 children; age: 9–10 years), we found that children from zip codes with a high Area Deprivation Index demonstrate blunted recruitment of striatum (dorsal and ventral nuclei) and pallidum during reward anticipation. In fact, blunted dorsal striatal recruitment during reward anticipation mediated the association between Area Deprivation Index and increased attention problems. These data reveal a candidate mechanism driving elevated risk for psychopathology in children from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods.

scholarly journals Area Deprivation Index Contributes to the Association of Race with Severe Maternal Morbidity

2022 ◽  
Vol 226 (1) ◽  
pp. S38-S39
Author(s):  
Francis M. Hacker ◽  
Jaclyn M. Phillips ◽  
Lara S. Lemon ◽  
Aislin DeFilippo ◽  
Hyagriv Simhan
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Severe Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Area Deprivation

scholarly journals Area Deprivation Index and Rurality in Relation to Lung Cancer Prevalence and Mortality in a Rural State

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M Fairfield ◽  
Adam W Black ◽  
Erika C Ziller ◽  
Kimberly Murray ◽  
F Lee Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Socioeconomic Deprivation ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cancer Prevalence

Abstract Background We sought to describe lung cancer prevalence and mortality in relation to socioeconomic deprivation and rurality. Methods We conducted a population-based cross-sectional analysis of prevalent lung cancers from a statewide all-payer claims dataset from 2012 to 2016, lung cancer deaths in Maine from the state death registry from 2012 to 2016, rurality, and area deprivation index (ADI), a geographic area-based measure of socioeconomic deprivation. Analyses examined rate ratios for lung cancer prevalence and mortality according to rurality (small and isolated rural, large rural, or urban) and ADI (quintiles, with highest reflecting the most deprivation) and after adjusting for age, sex, and area-level smoking rates as determined by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results Among 1 223 006 adults aged 20 years and older during the 5-year observation period, 8297 received lung cancer care, and 4616 died. Lung cancer prevalence and mortality were positively associated with increasing rurality, but these associations did not persist after adjusting for age, sex, and smoking rates. Lung cancer prevalence and mortality were positively associated with increasing ADI in models adjusted for age, sex, and smoking rates (prevalence rate ratio for ADI quintile 5 compared with quintile 1 = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.30 to 1.54) and mortality rate ratio = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.41 to 1.79). Conclusion Socioeconomic deprivation, but not rurality, was associated with higher lung cancer prevalence and mortality. Interventions should target populations with socioeconomic deprivation, rather than rurality per se, and aim to reduce lung cancer risk via tobacco treatment and control interventions and to improve patient access to lung cancer prevention, screening, and treatment services.

scholarly journals Assessing the association between area deprivation index on COVID-19 prevalence: a contrast between rural and urban U.S. jurisdictions

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-530
Author(s):  
Christopher Kitchen ◽  
◽  
Elham Hatef ◽  
Hsien Yen Chang ◽  
Jonathan P Weiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

<abstract><sec> <title>Background</title> <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted communities differentially, with poorer and minority populations being more adversely affected. Prior rural health research suggests such disparities may be exacerbated during the pandemic and in remote parts of the U.S.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Objectives</title> <p>To understand the spread and impact of COVID-19 across the U.S., county level data for confirmed cases of COVID-19 were examined by Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and Metropolitan vs. Nonmetropolitan designations from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). These designations were the basis for making comparisons between Urban and Rural jurisdictions.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Method</title> <p>Kendall's Tau-B was used to compare effect sizes between jurisdictions on select ADI composites and well researched social determinants of health (SDH). Spearman coefficients and stratified Poisson modeling was used to explore the association between ADI and COVID-19 prevalence in the context of county designation.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Results</title> <p>Results show that the relationship between area deprivation and COVID-19 prevalence was positive and higher for rural counties, when compared to urban ones. Family income, property value and educational attainment were among the ADI component measures most correlated with prevalence, but this too differed between county type.</p> </sec><sec> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Though most Americans live in Metropolitan Areas, rural communities were found to be associated with a stronger relationship between deprivation and COVID-19 prevalence. Models predicting COVID-19 prevalence by ADI and county type reinforced this observation and may inform health policy decisions.</p> </sec></abstract>

scholarly journals The Association Between Area Deprivation Index and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients with Advanced Cancer

Health Equity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Margaret Quinn Rosenzweig ◽  
Andrew D. Althouse ◽  
Lindsay Sabik ◽  
Robert Arnold ◽  
Edward Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Patient Reported

scholarly journals The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243028
Author(s):  
Madhav K. C. ◽  
Evrim Oral ◽  
Susanne Straif-Bourgeois ◽  
Ariane L. Rung ◽  
Edward S. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Census Tract ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
High Deprivation ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Deprived Neighborhoods

Background Louisiana in the summer of 2020 had the highest per capita case count for COVID-19 in the United States and COVID-19 deaths disproportionately affects the African American population. Neighborhood deprivation has been observed to be associated with poorer health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 in Louisiana. Methods The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was calculated and used to classify neighborhood deprivation at the census tract level. A total of 17 US census variables were used to calculate the ADI for each of the 1148 census tracts in Louisiana. The data were extracted from the American Community Survey (ACS) 2018. The neighborhoods were categorized into quintiles as well as low and high deprivation. The publicly available COVID-19 cumulative case counts by census tract were obtained from the Louisiana Department of Health website on July 31, 2020. Descriptive and Poisson regression analyses were performed. Results Neighborhoods in Louisiana were substantially different with respect to deprivation. The ADI ranged from 136.00 for the most deprived neighborhood and –33.87 in the least deprived neighborhood. We observed that individuals residing in the most deprived neighborhoods had almost a 40% higher risk of COVID-19 compared to those residing in the least deprived neighborhoods. Conclusion While the majority of previous studies were focused on very limited socio-environmental factors such as crowding and income, this study used a composite area-based deprivation index to examine the role of neighborhood environment on COVID-19. We observed a positive relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 risk in Louisiana. The study findings can be utilized to promote public health preventions measures besides social distancing, wearing a mask while in public and frequent handwashing in vulnerable neighborhoods with greater deprivation.

scholarly journals Rationing of Civilian Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines While Supplies Are Limited

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (11) ◽  
pp. 1776-1779
Author(s):  
Richard K Zimmerman ◽  
Jeannette E South-Paul ◽  
Gregory A Poland
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Medical Benefit

Allocation of the initial doses of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines should account for epidemiology, vaccinology, bioethics, and racial disparities. Our priority tiers for vaccination are critical infrastructure, those at highest medical benefit, and those chosen by a weighted Area-Deprivation Index lottery.

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