Immobilization of nitrifying bacteria on composite based on polymers and eggshells for nitrate production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Chaali ◽  
Hugo Alejandro Rivera Ortiz ◽  
Beatriz Delgado Cano ◽  
Satinder Kaur Brar ◽  
Antonio Avalos Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Production

scholarly journals Nitrification and Autotrophic Nitrifying Bacteria in a Hydrocarbon-Polluted Soil

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 4008-4013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Deni ◽  
Michel J. Penninckx
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Production

ABSTRACT In vitro ammonia-oxidizing bacteria are capable of oxidizing hydrocarbons incompletely. This transformation is accompanied by competitive inhibition of ammonia monooxygenase, the first key enzyme in nitrification. The effect of hydrocarbon pollution on soil nitrification was examined in situ. In a microcosm study, adding diesel fuel hydrocarbon to an uncontaminated soil (agricultural unfertilized soil) treated with ammonium sulfate dramatically reduced the amount of KCl-extractable nitrate but stimulated ammonium consumption. In a soil with long history of pollution that was treated with ammonium sulfate, 90% of the ammonium was transformed into nitrate after 3 weeks of incubation. Nitrate production was twofold higher in the contaminated soil than in the agricultural soil to which hydrocarbon was not added. To assess if ammonia-oxidizing bacteria acquired resistance to inhibition by hydrocarbon, the contaminated soil was reexposed to diesel fuel. Ammonium consumption was not affected, but nitrate production was 30% lower than nitrate production in the absence of hydrocarbon. The apparent reduction in nitrification resulted from immobilization of ammonium by hydrocarbon-stimulated microbial activity. These results indicated that the hydrocarbon inhibited nitrification in the noncontaminated soil (agricultural soil) and that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the polluted soil acquired resistance to inhibition by the hydrocarbon, possibly by increasing the affinity of nitrifying bacteria for ammonium in the soil.

scholarly journals PROFIL PERUBAHAN AMONIUM, NITRIT DAN NITRAT PADA PERCOBAAN CURAH DARI PDAM BOGOR DAN SURABAYA

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Hartati Imamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Batch Experiment ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Production ◽  
Slow Growing

Nitrification is often not effective because the characters of nitrifying bacteria is always slow growing and temperature, pH, DO, amonia concentration, nitrite and C/N ratio as the limited factors. Batch experiment was operated for 6 hours, every half an hours ammonium, nitrite and nitrate were measured.The results showed that added C sourse (glucose) in medium from PDAM Bogorand Surabaya have a significant effects of ammonium degradation, nitrite and nitrate production. Degradation of ammonium in batch reactor from PDAM Bogor showed that both  naerobic and aerobic condition have a different fluctuation. Production of nitrite was stable from the middle of reaction to last of aerobic phase. In aerobic condition nitrate production is reduced to 49,21 % (+ glucose) and 60,87% (+ acetate) Batch reactor from PDAM Surabaya differ from PDAM Bogor particularly on degradation of ammonium. Added glucose as C source cause the concentration of ammonium was increased and acetate as C source showed stable with a slightly fluctuation. Nitrite and nitrate production relatively small in both C source.

Distribution of nitrifying bacteria in a shallow stream

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Jancarkova ◽  
Tove A. Larsen ◽  
Willi Gujer
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Channel Water ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Major Floods ◽  
Shallow Stream ◽  
Stream Bed

A project investigating the dynamics of self-purification processes in a shallow stream is carried out. Effects of the concentration gradient due to the distance to the pollution source, of hydraulic conditions in the river bed and of storm floods on the distribution of nitrifying bacteria were studied with the help of laboratory and field experiments. Nitrifiers density on the surface of the stream bed increased rapidly up to a distance of 300 m from the WWTP indicating possible competition of the nitrifiers with the heterotrophic bacteria close to the WWTP. Afterwards a slight decrease in the downstream direction was observed. In vertical profiles, higher bacterial densities were found at sites with rapid infiltration of channel water to the stream bed than at sites with no exchange between channel water and stream bed water or where stream bed water exfiltrated. A major flood event scoured the nitrifiers nearly totally from the surface of the river bed. Major floods belong so to the most dominant processes controlling self-purification in shallow streams. Minor floods, however, don't scour bacteria in the depth of the stream bed that could then be important for the self-purification processes.

Rapid quantification and in situ detection of nitrifying bacteria in biofilms by monoclonal antibody method

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Noda ◽  
H. Ikuta ◽  
Y. Ebie ◽  
A. Hirata ◽  
S. Tsuneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody Technique ◽  
Antibody Technique ◽  
Antibody Method ◽  
In Situ Detection ◽  
Rapid Quantification

Fluorescent antibody technique by the monoclonal antibody method is very useful and helpful for the rapid quantification and in situ detection of the specific bacteria like nitrifiers in a mixed baxterial habitat such as a biofilm. In this study, twelve monoclonal antibodies against Nitrosomonas europaea (IFO14298) and sixteen against Nitrobacter winogradskyi (IFO14297) were raised from splenocytes of mice (BALB/c). It was found that these antibodies exhibited little cross reactivity against various kinds of heterotrophic bacteria. The direct cell count method using monoclonal antibodies could exactly detect and rapidly quantify N. europaea and N. winogradskyi. Moreover, the distribution of N. europaea and N. winogradskyi in a biofilm could be examined by in situ fluorescent antibody technique. It was shown that most of N. winogradskyi existed near the surface part and most of N. europaea existed at the inner part of the polyethylene glycol (PEG) gel pellet, which had entrapped activated sludge and used in a landfill leachate treatment reactor. It was suggested that this monoclonal antibody method was utilized for estimating and controlling the population of nitrifying bacteria as a quick and favorable tool.

scholarly journals Microfiber structure for enhanced immobilization of nitrifying bacteria in a post-nitrification reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 101373
Author(s):  
Lucie Svobodová ◽  
Karel Havlíček ◽  
Magda Nechanická ◽  
Roman Špánek ◽  
Brigita Kolčavová Sirková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrifying Bacteria

scholarly journals Comparative Exergy Analysis of Units for the Porous Ammonium Nitrate Granulation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Dmytro Levchenko ◽  
Andrii Manzharov ◽  
Artem Artyukhov ◽  
Nadiya Artyukhova ◽  
Jan Krmela
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Unit Mass ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Target Parameter ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Nitrate Production

The article deals with the study on the efficiency of units for porous ammonium nitrate production. The ways which increase the effective implementation of energy resources are determined by including the ejector recycling module, heat and mass exchangers that utilize principles of regenerative indirect evaporative cooling, and the sub-atmospheric inverse Brayton cycle. Mixed exergy analysis evaluates all flows of the system contour as those of the same value. The target parameter for determining the efficiency of both systems is the ratio of the unit’s productivity to the exergy expenditures to produce the unit mass of the product. As a result, it is found that the mentioned devices and units enable to increase the efficiency of the basic scheme by 87%.

Investigation of aerobic and anaerobic ammonium-oxidising bacteria presence in a small full-scale wastewater treatment system comprised by UASB reactor and three polishing ponds

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Araujo ◽  
M. M. S. Correa ◽  
E. C. Silva ◽  
A. P. Campos ◽  
V. M. Godinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System

This work applied PCR amplification method and Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) with primers and probes specific for the anammox organisms and aerobic ammonia-oxidising β-Proteobacteria in order to detect these groups in different samples from a wastewater treatment system comprised by UASB reactor and three polishing (maturation) ponds in series. Seven primer pairs were used in order to detect Anammox bacteria. Positive results were obtained with three of them, suggesting that Anammox could be present in polishing pond sediments. However, Anammox bacteria were not detected by FISH, indicating that they were not present in sediment samples, or they could be present but below FISH detection limit. Aerobic ammonia- and nitrite-oxidising bacteria were verified in water column samples through Most Probable Number (MPN) analysis, but they were not detected in sediment samples by FISH. Ammonia removal efficiencies occurred systematically along the ponds (24, 32, and 34% for polishing pond 1, 2, and 3, respectively) but the major reaction responsible for this removal is still unclear. Some nitrification might have occurred in water samples because some nitrifying bacteria were present. Also Anammox reaction might have occurred because Anammox genes were detected in the sediments, but probably this reaction was too low to be noticed. It is important also to consider that some of the ammonia removal observed might be related to NH3 stripping, associated with the pH increase resulting from the intensive photosynthetic activity in the ponds (mechanism under investigation). Therefore, it can be concluded that more than one mechanism (or reaction) might be involved in the ammonia removal in the polishing ponds investigated in this study.

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