An objective scatter index cutoff point as a powerful objective criterion for preoperative nuclear cataract decision-making based on ROC analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1452-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Monferrer-Adsuara ◽  
Lucía Mata-Moret ◽  
Verónica Castro-Navarro ◽  
Marisa Hernández-Garfella ◽  
Alicia Gracia-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Nuclear Cataract ◽  
Objective Criterion ◽  
Objective Scatter Index

scholarly journals Cranio-Vertebral Junction Triangular Area: Quantification of Brain Stem Compression by Magnetic Resonance Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Chih-Chang Chang ◽  
Ching-Lan Wu ◽  
Tsung-Hsi Tu ◽  
Jau-Ching Wu ◽  
Hsuan-Kan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Craniovertebral Junction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Radiological Criteria ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Triangular Area

(1) Background: Most of the currently used radiological criteria for craniovertebral junction (CVJ) were developed prior to the popularity of magnetic resonance images (MRIs). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel triangular area (TA) calculated on MRIs for pathologies at the CVJ. (2) Methods: A total of 702 consecutive patients were enrolled, grouped into three: (a) Those with pathologies at the CVJ (n = 129); (b) those with underlying rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but no CVJ abnormalities (n = 279); and (3) normal (control; n = 294). TA was defined on T2-weighted MRIs by three points: The lowest point of the clivus, the posterior-inferior point of C2, and the most dorsal indentation point at the ventral brain stem. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to correlate the prognostic value of the TA with myelopathy. Pre- and post-operative TA values were compared for validation. (c) Results: The CVJ-pathology group had the largest mean TA (1.58 ± 0.47 cm2), compared to the RA and control groups (0.96 ± 0.31 and 1.05 ± 0.26, respectively). The ROC analysis calculated the cutoff-point for myelopathy as 1.36 cm2 with the area under the curve at 0.93. Of the 81 surgical patients, the TA was reduced (1.21 ± 0.37 cm2) at two-years post-operation compared to that at pre-operation (1.67 ± 0.51 cm2). Moreover, intra-operative complete reduction of the abnormalities could further decrease the TA to 1.03 ± 0.39 cm2. (4) Conclusions: The TA, a valid measurement to quantify compression at the CVJ and evaluate the efficacy of surgery, averaged 1.05 cm2 in normal patients, and 1.36 cm2 could be a cutoff-point for myelopathy and of clinical significance.

U-SMART: (UCSD-small mass alt renal score tumor diameter) a novel scoring system of preoperative predictors to stratify oncologic risk of small renal mass.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 700-700
Author(s):  
Kendrick Yim ◽  
Ahmet Bindayi ◽  
Stephen Ryan ◽  
Madhumitha Reddy ◽  
Ryan Nasseri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
High Grade ◽  
A Value ◽  
Increased Risk

700 Background: Small renal masses (SRMs, < 4 cm in diameter) are heterogeneous, with significant proportions of benign as well as high-grade malignancy. We developed a scoring system incorporating patient factors, serum markers, and morphometric characteristics to elucidate benign and high grade pathology and guide decision making. Methods: Single institution retrospective analysis of surgically treated SRMs from 2003-2017. Demographic and clinical factors, including RENAL score, were analyzed. Patients were categorized into 3 groups: benign (BNGN), low grade (LG), or high grade (HG) disease and uni- and multivariable logistic regression were used to screen for association between potential parameters and the 3 groups. Each significant variable was analyzed by risk group and broken into quartiles. The 75th percentile of the HG group was assigned a value of 3. Below the 75th percentile of the BNGN group was assigned a value of 1; values that fell between these cutoffs were assigned 2 points. Tumor diameter was weighted twice that of other factors. Receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess for predictive capability. Results: 312 patients were analyzed (65 BNGN, 204 LG, 43 HG). Factors associated with increased risk of HG were male sex (OR 1.868, p = 0.045), higher ALT (OR 1.036, p = 0.022), higher RENAL score (OR 1.318, p = 0.002), and larger tumor diameter (OR 2.415, p < 0.001). Patients with low (5-8), intermediate (9-11) and high (12-14) scores had 32.8%, 5.2%, and 0% frequency of BNGN pathology. Patients with low, intermediate, and high scores had 7.7%, 18.6%, and 34.9% frequency of HG pathology. ROC analysis revealed AUC of 0.767. Conclusions: Preoperative clinical parameters were incorporated into a model that significantly predicts benign and aggressive pathology for SRMs. This risk stratification may provide a non-invasive method to aid in clinical decision making. External validation is requisite.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals Use of hemoglobin A1C to detect Haitian-Americans with undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel C. Exebio ◽  
Gustavo G. Zarini ◽  
Joan A. Vaccaro ◽  
Cristobal Exebio ◽  
Fatma G. Huffman
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Haitian Americans

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of hemoglobin A1C (A1C) as a diagnostic tool for type 2 diabetes and to determine the most appropriate A1C cutoff point for diagnosis in a sample of Haitian-Americans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Subjects (n = 128) were recruited from Miami-Dade and Broward counties, FL. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was run in order to measure sensitivity and specificity of A1C for detecting diabetes at different cutoff points. RESULTS: The area under the ROC curve was 0.86 using fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L as the gold standard. An A1C cutoff point of 6.26% had sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 74%, whereas an A1C cutoff point of 6.50% (recommended by the American Diabetes Association - ADA) had sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 89%. CONCLUSIONS: A1C is a reliable alternative to fasting plasma glucose in detecting diabetes in this sample of Haitian-Americans. A cutoff point of 6.26% was the optimum value to detect type 2 diabetes.

Using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Analysis to Evaluate Information-Based Decision-Making

2019 ◽  
pp. 764-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Decision Tools ◽  
Classification Tool ◽  
Receiver Operating

Business operators and stakeholders often need to make decisions such as choosing between A and B, or between yes and no, and these decisions are often made by using a classification tool or a set of decision rules. Decision tools usually include scoring systems, predictive models, and quantitative test modalities. In this chapter, the authors introduce the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and demonstrate, through an example of bank decision on granting loans to customers, how ROC curves can be used to evaluate decision making for information-based decision making. In addition, an extension to time-dependent ROC analysis is introduced in this chapter. The authors conclude this chapter by illustrating the application of ROC analysis in information-based decision making and providing the future trends of this topic.

Using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Analysis to Evaluate Information -Based Decision-Making

2018 ◽  
pp. 2213-2223
Author(s):  
Nan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Decision Tools ◽  
Classification Tool ◽  
Receiver Operating

Business operators and stakeholders often need to make decisions such as choosing between A and B, or between yes and no, and these decisions are often made by using a classification tool or a set of decision rules. Decision tools usually include scoring systems, predictive models, and quantitative test modalities. In this chapter, we introduce the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and demonstrate, through an example of bank decision on granting loans to customers, how ROC curves can be used to evaluate decision making for information based decision making. In addition, an extension to time-dependent ROC analysis is introduced in this chapter. We conclude this chapter by illustrating the application of ROC analysis in information based decision making and providing the future trends of this topic.

Unit Price or Lump Sum? A Stochastic Cost-Based Decision-Making Tool for Design-Bid-Build Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (26) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Khalafalla ◽  
Jorge Rueda-Benavides
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cost Estimate ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Unit Price ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Objective Criterion ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Design Bid Build ◽  
Decision Making Tool ◽  
Selection Of

The appropriate selection of procurement tools and strategies is a key factor in the successful completion of construction projects. Despite the increasing use of alternative project delivery methods by the public agencies, the traditional design–bid–build (DBB) approach is still the most used and accepted project delivery method in the US. The purpose of this study is to present an innovative tool that introduces an objective criterion into the selection of resurfacing projects for design–bid–build —lump sum (DBB-LS) projects. This criterion consists of a comparison of the stochastic construction cost estimate for a candidate project if procured under DBB-LS versus its stochastic cost estimate if a unit price (UP) approach is used. The proposed decision-making tool was developed using non-linear regression techniques, Monte Carlo Simulation, and data from 86 resurfacing projects completed by the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) between January 2015 and March 2017: 63 UP and 23 LS projects. To facilitate the use of the tool by decision makers, the mathematical functions involved in the cost comparison between these two approaches have been comprised into a nomogram, allowing a quick approximation of the probability of having a lower cost under each compensation approach and the potential savings or extra costs of using an LS provision. The nomogram also allows the estimation of potential LS cost implications under different confidence levels, providing FDOT with the ability to make decisions at different levels of risk.

scholarly journals The information value of early career productivity in mathematics: a ROC analysis of prediction errors in bibliometricly informed decision making

2016 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 2241-2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Lindahl ◽  
Rickard Danell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Bibliometric Indicator ◽  
Publication Rate ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Informed Decision Making

AbstractThe aim of this study was to provide a framework to evaluate bibliometric indicators as decision support tools from a decision making perspective and to examine the information value of early career publication rate as a predictor of future productivity. We used ROC analysis to evaluate a bibliometric indicator as a tool for binary decision making. The dataset consisted of 451 early career researchers in the mathematical sub-field of number theory. We investigated the effect of three different definitions of top performance groups—top 10, top 25, and top 50 %; the consequences of using different thresholds in the prediction models; and the added prediction value of information on early career research collaboration and publications in prestige journals. We conclude that early career performance productivity has an information value in all tested decision scenarios, but future performance is more predictable if the definition of a high performance group is more exclusive. Estimated optimal decision thresholds using the Youden index indicated that the top 10 % decision scenario should use 7 articles, the top 25 % scenario should use 7 articles, and the top 50 % should use 5 articles to minimize prediction errors. A comparative analysis between the decision thresholds provided by the Youden index which take consequences into consideration and a method commonly used in evaluative bibliometrics which do not take consequences into consideration when determining decision thresholds, indicated that differences are trivial for the top 25 and the 50 % groups. However, a statistically significant difference between the methods was found for the top 10 % group. Information on early career collaboration and publication strategies did not add any prediction value to the bibliometric indicator publication rate in any of the models. The key contributions of this research is the focus on consequences in terms of prediction errors and the notion of transforming uncertainty into risk when we are choosing decision thresholds in bibliometricly informed decision making. The significance of our results are discussed from the point of view of a science policy and management.

scholarly journals Identifying the optimal cutoff point for MGMT promoter methylation status in glioblastoma

CNS Oncology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. CNS74
Author(s):  
Ngan Nguyen ◽  
Jordan Redfield ◽  
Matthew Ballo ◽  
Madison Michael ◽  
Jeffrey Sorenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Mgmt Methylation ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Methylguanine Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Crude Model ◽  
Optimal Cutoff Point

Aim: To define the optimal cutoff point for determining methylation status of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) by pyrosequencing in glioblastoma. Patients & methods: A retrospective study of 109 glioblastoma patients was performed to determine the optimal cutoff point for MGMT methylation status. Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed 21% as the optimal cutoff (sensitivity: 68%; specificity: 59%) for MGMT methylation corresponding with the highest likelihood ratio of 1.66 and accuracy of 0.65. Methylation status (hazard ratio: 0.453; 95% CI: 0.279–0.735; p = 0.001) was associated with better overall survival. The crude model indicated linearity between methylation percent and survival rate; an increase of 10% of methylation resulted in a reduction of risk of death by 20% (p = 0.004). Conclusion: ROC analysis determined 21% as the optimal cutoff point for MGMT methylation status by pyrosequencing.

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