Design space approach in the development of esculetin nanocrystals by a small-scale wet-bead milling process

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 101486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyu Zuo ◽  
Gabriel Lima Barros de Araujo ◽  
Marco Antonio Stephano ◽  
Zhengyun Zuo ◽  
Nádia Araci Bou-Chacra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Space ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bead Milling ◽  
Wet Bead Milling ◽  
Space Approach

scholarly journals Design Space Approach for Preservative System Optimization of an Anti-Aging Eye Fluid Emulsion

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Rebello Lourenço ◽  
Fabiane Lacerda Francisco ◽  
Márcia Regina Spuri Ferreira ◽  
Terezinha De Jesus Andreoli ◽  
Raimar Löbenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Space ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Cosmetic Product ◽  
Space Design ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Space Approach

The use of preservatives must be optimized in order to ensure the efficacy of an antimicrobial system as well as the product safety. Despite the wide variety of preservatives, the synergistic or antagonistic effects of their combinations are not well established and it is still an issue in the development of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. The purpose of this paper was to establish a space design using a simplex-centroid approach to achieve the lowest effective concentration of 3 preservatives (methylparaben, propylparaben, and imidazolidinyl urea) and EDTA for an emulsion cosmetic product. Twenty-two formulae of emulsion differing only by imidazolidinyl urea (A: 0.00 to 0.30% w/w), methylparaben (B: 0.00 to 0.20% w/w), propylparaben (C: 0.00 to 0.10% w/w) and EDTA (D: 0.00 to 0.10% w/w) concentrations were prepared. They were tested alone and in binary, ternary and quaternary combinations. Aliquots of these formulae were inoculated with several microorganisms. An electrochemical method was used to determine microbial burden immediately after inoculation and after 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 168 h. An optimization strategy was used to obtain the concentrations of preservatives and EDTA resulting in a most effective preservative system of all microorganisms simultaneously. The use of preservatives and EDTA in combination has the advantage of exhibiting a potential synergistic effect against a wider spectrum of microorganisms. Based on graphic and optimization strategies, we proposed a new formula containing a quaternary combination (A: 55%; B: 30%; C: 5% and D: 10% w/w), which complies with the specification of a conventional challenge test. A design space approach was successfully employed in the optimization of concentrations of preservatives and EDTA in an emulsion cosmetic product. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals Design Space and QbD Approach for Production of Drug Nanocrystals by Wet Media Milling Techniques

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Peltonen
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Media Milling ◽  
Process Understanding ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Critical Process Parameters ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Definition Of

Drug nanocrystals are nanosized solid drug particles, the most important application of which is the improvement of solubility properties of poorly soluble drug materials. Drug nanocrystals can be produced by many different techniques, but the mostly used are different kinds of media milling techniques; in milling, particle size of bulk sized drug material is decreased, with the aid of milling beads, to nanometer scale. Utilization of Quality by Design, QbD, approach in nanomilling improves the process-understanding of the system, and recently, the number of studies using the QbD approach in nanomilling has increased. In the QbD approach, the quality is built into the products and processes throughout the whole production chain. Definition of Critical Quality Attributes, CQAs, determines the targeted final product properties. CQAs are confirmed by setting Critical Process Parameters, CPPs, which include both process parameters but also input variables, like stabilizer amount or the solid state form of the drug. Finally, Design Space determines the limits in which CPPs should be in order to reach CQAs. This review discusses the milling process and process variables, CPPs, their impact on product properties, CQAs and challenges of the QbD approach in nanomilling studies.

scholarly journals Design Space Approach in Optimization of Fluid Bed Granulation and Tablets Compression Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Djuriš ◽  
Djordje Medarević ◽  
Marko Krstić ◽  
Ivana Vasiljević ◽  
Ivana Mašić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Critical Quality Attributes ◽  
Fluid Bed ◽  
Fluid Bed Granulation ◽  
Atomization Pressure ◽  
Space Approach

The aim of this study was to optimize fluid bed granulation and tablets compression processes using design space approach. Type of diluent, binder concentration, temperature during mixing, granulation and drying, spray rate, and atomization pressure were recognized as critical formulation and process parameters. They were varied in the first set of experiments in order to estimate their influences on critical quality attributes, that is, granules characteristics (size distribution, flowability, bulk density, tapped density, Carr's index, Hausner's ratio, and moisture content) using Plackett-Burman experimental design. Type of diluent and atomization pressure were selected as the most important parameters. In the second set of experiments, design space for process parameters (atomization pressure and compression force) and its influence on tablets characteristics was developed. Percent of paracetamol released and tablets hardness were determined as critical quality attributes. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were applied in order to determine design space. ANNs models showed that atomization pressure influences mostly on the dissolution profile, whereas compression force affects mainly the tablets hardness. Based on the obtained ANNs models, it is possible to predict tablet hardness and paracetamol release profile for any combination of analyzed factors.

Effect of Deterministic and Continuous Design Space Resolution on Multiple-Objective Combustor Optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro M. Briones ◽  
Markus P. Rumpfkeil ◽  
Nathan R. Thomas ◽  
Brent A. Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Adaptive Mesh Refinement ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Pareto Frontier ◽  
Wall Turbulence ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Input Parameters

Abstract Supervised machine learning is used to classify a continuous and deterministic design space into a nondominated Pareto frontier and dominated design points. The effect of the initial training data quantity on the Pareto frontier and output parameter sensitivity is explored. The study is performed with the optimization of a subsonic small-scale cavity-stabilized combustor. A 3D geometry is created and parameterized using computer aided design (CAD) that is combined with a software for meshing, which automatically transfers grids and boundary conditions to the solver and postprocessing tool. Steady, compressible three-dimensional simulations are conducted employing a multiphase Realizable k–ε Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) physics with an adiabatic flamelet progress variable (FPV) model. The near-wall turbulence modeling is computed with scalable wall functions (SWFs). For each computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, four levels of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) are utilized on the original cut-cell grid. There are 15 geometrical input parameters and three output parameters, viz., a pattern factor proxy, a combustion efficiency proxy, and total pressure loss (TPL). Three times the number of input parameters plus one (48) is necessary to yield an optimization independent of the initial sampling. This conclusion is drawn by examining and comparing the Pareto frontiers and global sensitivities. However, the latter provides a better metric. The relative influence of the input parameters on the outputs is assessed by Spearman's order-rank correlation and an active subspace analysis. Some persistent geometric features for nondominated designs are also discussed.

Design space approach in the optimization of the spray-drying process

2012 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Lebrun ◽  
Fabrice Krier ◽  
Jérôme Mantanus ◽  
Holger Grohganz ◽  
Mingshi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Space Approach

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Low-Energy Wet Bead Milling of Metal Spheres

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pietro Reverberi ◽  
Marco Vocciante ◽  
Marco Salerno ◽  
Maurizio Ferretti ◽  
Bruno Fabiano
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Initial Shape ◽  
Bead Milling ◽  
Metal Precursor ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Wet Bead Milling ◽  
Shape And Size

A low-energy, magnetically-driven milling technique for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is proposed, where the grinding medium and the metal precursor consisting of silver spheres have the same shape and size, belonging to a millimetric scale. The process is carried out at room temperature in aqueous solvent, where different types of capping agents have been dissolved to damp particle agglomeration. The particle diameters, determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, have been compared with those typical of conventional wet-chemical bottom-up synthesis processes. The use of milling spheres and metal precursor of the same initial shape and size allows to overcome some drawbacks and limitations distinctive of conventional bead-milling equipment, generally requiring complex operations of separation and recovery of milling media. The milling bead/nanoparticle diameter ratio obtained by this approach is higher than that typical of most previous wet bead milling techniques. The method described here represents a simple, one-pot, cost-effective, and eco-friendly process for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles starting from a bulky solid.

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