Biodegradability improvement and toxicity reduction of soil washing effluents polluted with atrazine by means of electrochemical pre-treatment: Influence of the anode material

Biodegradability enhancement and detoxification of cork boiling wastewater (CBW) are required for the successful implementation of biological treatment options. We studied the possibility of achieving these goals through ozonation pre-treatment by experimenting on the effect of ozone dose and pH. The CBW used had a pH of 5.81, a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 1,865 mg L−1, a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of 498 mg L−1 and total phenol (TP) and tannin compounds concentrations of 523 and 399 mg L−1, respectively. The ozone doses ranged from 0.27 to 2.63 for the O3(applied)/COD0 ratios with samples at natural pH and set to 3.33 and 9.96. Ozonation allowed the BOD20/COD ratio (biodegradability index) to increase from 0.37 to 0.63 and a toxicity reduction from 3.08 to 1.24 TU (Microtox). The corresponding removals obtained were 15.2–62.0%, 38.4–83.2% and 56.7–92.1% for COD, TP and colour, respectively. The best outcome of ozonation pre-treatment requires O3(applied)/COD0 ratios over 1.5 and an acid pH. The increase of TP removals with ozone dose at acid pH led to biodegradability enhancement and CBW detoxification. However, for similar conditions the highest COD removals were obtained at alkaline pH due to the hydroxyl radicals’ high oxidation ability but lack of selectivity.

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Effect of heat pre-treatment conditions on the electrochemical properties of mangrove wood-derived hard carbon as an effective anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Electrochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.electacta.2016.07.138 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 213 ◽

pp. 432-438 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Yu-Jin Han ◽

Dabin Chung ◽

Koji Nakabayashi ◽

Jin-Do Chung ◽

Jin Miyawaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrochemical Properties ◽

Lithium Ion Batteries ◽

Anode Material ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Hard Carbon ◽

Treatment Conditions ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Mangrove Wood

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Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation by Nano-MgO is better than sole ozonation for metronidazole degradation, toxicity reduction, and biodegradability improvement

Desalination and Water Treatment ◽

10.1080/19443994.2015.1081632 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (35) ◽

pp. 16435-16444 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Majid Kermani ◽

Farshad Bahrami Asl ◽

Mahdi Farzadkia ◽

Ali Esrafili ◽

Soheila Salahshour Arian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Ozonation ◽

Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽

Toxicity Reduction ◽

Biodegradability Improvement ◽

Better Than

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A Toxicity Reduction Exercise for Municipal Solid Waste to Energy Fly-Ash Utilising a Separation, Isolation and Treatment Process

13th North American Waste-to-Energy Conference ◽

10.1115/nawtec13-3151 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Robertson ◽

Rod Barratt

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Metal Matrix ◽

Waste To Energy ◽

The Novel ◽

Legal Compliance ◽

Gas Treatment ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Toxicity Reduction ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Flue Gas Treatment

The current situation for fly ash management and policy regulation in the United Kingdom / European Union, has developed the need for new toxicity reduction exercises. New EU wide policies are changing the type of treatment methods that can be legally used for the residues from waste-to-energy plants. In particular the disposal of flue gas treatment residues, which are classified as a hazardous waste, will not be acceptable to landfill according to the Waste Acceptance Criteria without a pre-treatment by 2007. This has raised a number of interesting engineering questions that need to be addressed. The novel TRE of metal matrix encapsulation has been designed based upon the principles of separation, isolation and treatment to meet these new criteria. Metal matrix encapsulation is a treatment program that employs existing industrial infrastructure to improve its usability and legal compliance.

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Soil Washing as an Economical Pre-Treatment Process.

Waste Management Research ◽

10.3985/wmr.5.79 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 79-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yasuji OKITA ◽

Katsuhiko ITO ◽

Shigetaka SUZUKI ◽

Hiroaki KUBO

Keyword(s):

Treatment Process ◽

Soil Washing ◽

Pre Treatment

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Comparative Study of the Degradation of Real Dyestuff Effluents by Three Kinds of Electrolysis Methods

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.943 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 253-255 ◽

pp. 943-948

Author(s):

Zhan Li Chen ◽

Xiao Hua Huang ◽

Xiang Rong Sun ◽

Liang Li

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Organic Pollutants ◽

High Salinity ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Fenton Process ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Electro Oxidation ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Dyestuff Wastewater ◽

Biodegradability Improvement

A comparative study of three kinds of electrolysis methods: indirect electro-oxidation, electro-flocculation and electro-Fenton, as pre-treatment processes for a real dyestuff wastewater with high salinity and unbiodegradable organics were investigated. The efficiency of each method was evaluated according to the reduction levels of COD and toxicity, as well as biodegradability improvement. The results indicate electro-Fenton process as the most efficient pre-treatment method for improving biodegradability, reducing toxicity, and removing organic pollutants from dyestuff wastewater.

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EELS characterization of “Smut” layer films on steel surface prepared for chrome plating by anodic etching

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100139068 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 538-539

Author(s):

E Y. Wang ◽

J. T. Cherian ◽

A. Madsen ◽

R. M. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Steel Surface ◽

Surface Preparation ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Chrome Plating ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Alloy Steels ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Hard Chrome ◽

Electron Energy Loss

Many steel parts are electro-plated with chromium to protect them against corrosion and to improve their wear-resistance. Good adhesion of the chrome plate to the steel surface, which is essential for long term durability of the part, is extremely dependent on surface preparation prior to plating. Recently, McDonnell Douglas developed a new pre-treatment method for chrome plating in which the steel is anodically etched in a sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution. On carbon steel surfaces, this anodic pre-treatment produces a dark, loosely adhering material that is commonly called the “smut” layer. On stainless steels and nickel alloys, the surface is only darkened by the anodic pre-treatment and little residue is produced. Anodic pre-treatment prior to hard chrome plating results in much better adherence to both carbon and alloy steels.We have characterized the anodic pre-treated steel surface and the resulting “smut” layer using various techniques including electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on bulk samples and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) on stripped films.

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CuS2 sheets: a hidden anode material with a high capacity for sodium-ion batteries

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/d0tc04946h ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shaohua Lu ◽

Weidong Hu ◽

Xiaojun Hu

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Batteries ◽

Anode Material ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Capacity ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Sodium Ion ◽

Sodium Ion Batteries

Due to their low cost and improved safety compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have attracted worldwide attention in recent decades.

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