Simple method for estimating soil mass loading onto plant surface using magnetic material content as a soil indicator – Influence of soil adhesion to vegetation on radioactive cesium concentration in forage

2016 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Yoshihito Sunaga ◽  
Hisatomi Harada
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Soil Mass ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Mass Loading ◽  
Plant Surface ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Material Content ◽  
Soil Indicator ◽  
Cesium Concentration

scholarly journals Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles as an Adsorbent for Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography of Proteins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayambu Kannan ◽  
Joyeeta Mukherjee ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
Munishwar N Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Nickel Ferrite ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽  
Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Metal Affinity ◽  
Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽  
Ir Transmission

Abstract A simple method of preparing amorphous nickel ferrite nanoparticles of about 5 nm diameter is described. These particles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The nanoparticles were evaluated for their use as a magnetic material for immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). The ferrite nanoparticles bound to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the binding fitted Langmuir isotherm model. A high capacity of 916 mg BSA/g dried nanoparticle was observed. Six proteins (Soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), papain, catalase, β-galactosidase and casein) were used and all were found to bind at >90% level (except papain which showed 84% binding). All the proteins except LDH and β-galactosidase could be eluted with 1 M imidazole and with % activity recovery of >80%. Papain could be purified from its dried crude latex by 5-fold and purified papain showed a single band on SDS-PAGE. These nanoparticles constitute a high capacity and are magnetic material useful for IMAC and do not require any pre-functionalization.

Distribution of Radioactive Cesium (134Cs Plus 137Cs) in a Contaminated Japanese Soybean Cultivar during the Preparation of Tofu, Natto, and Nimame (Boiled Soybean)

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1021-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAYUMI HACHINOHE ◽  
KEITAROU KIMURA ◽  
YUJI KUBO ◽  
KATSUO TANJI ◽  
SHIOKA HAMAMATSU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Processing Factor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cesium Concentration ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
Processing Factors ◽  
Animal Consumption

We investigated the fate of radioactive cesium (134Cs plus 137Cs) during the production of tofu, natto, and nimame (boiled soybean) from a contaminated Japanese soybean cultivar harvested in FY2011. Tofu, natto, and nimame were made from soybean grains containing radioactive cesium (240 to 340 Bq/kg [dry weight]), and the radioactive cesium in the processed soybean foods and in by-product fractions such as okara, broth, and waste water was measured with a germanium semiconductor detector. The processing factor is the ratio of radioactive cesium concentration of a product before and after processing. For tofu, natto, nimame, and for the by-product okara, processing factors were 0.12, 0.40, 0.20, and 0.18, respectively; this suggested that these three soybean foods and okara, used mainly as an animal feed, can be considered safe for human and animal consumption according to the standard limit for radioactive cesium of soybean grains. Furthermore, the ratio of radioactive cesium concentrations in the cotyledon, hypocotyl, and seed coat portions of the soybean grain was found to be approximately 1:1:0.4.

scholarly journals Adsorptive Removal of Cesium Ions Using Prussian Blue Immobilized Coffee Ground Biochar

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 336-346
Author(s):  
Youngsu Lim ◽  
Dongwoo Kim ◽  
Jiseon Jang ◽  
Bolam Kim ◽  
Dae Sung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Prussian Blue ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Cesium Ions ◽  
Cage Size ◽  
Coffee Ground ◽  
Cesium Concentration

Objectives: Among various radioactive contaminants, radioactive cesium is one of the most harmful radionuclides that causes human health issues due to its high emission of gamma-ray, high solubility, high mobility, high fission yield, and long half-life. Different kinds of adsorbents have been developed for the removal of cesium from radioactive wastewater. Especially, biochar has attracted great attention as a potential adsorbent in the treatment of pollutants and for water purification. In addition, Prussian blue is a cubic lattice structure that contains a cage size similar to the hydrated cesium ionic radius, indicating it can selectively remove cesium ions. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the cesium adsorption performance of synthesized Prussian blue-immobilized coffee ground biochar (PB-CGBC) under various experimental conditions for cesium removal from radioactive wastewater.Methods: After wasted coffee ground was washed and dried, it was heated at 400℃ with 10℃/min of heating rate and 5 h of retention time in a furnace with little or no available air. The PB-CGBC was synthesized using a facile co-precipitation method. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, field emission-transmission electron microscope, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and zeta potential analyzer were used to analyze physico-chemical characteristics and surface structure of the synthesized adsorbents. The kinetic and equilibrium experiments of cesium adsorption on PB-CGBC were carried out and the effect of pH, temperature, initial cesium concentration, and contact time were also investigated in a batch system.Results and Discussion: The characteristic analysis clearly confirmed the successful synthesis of PB-CGBC, indicating its abundant functional groups and special surface structure. In the batch study, it was found that the cesium adsorption onto the PB-CGBC was exothermic nature. The Elovich kinetic model and Temkin isotherm also provided a good correlation with the cesium adsorption reaction onto the PB-CGBC. The maximum adsorption capacity of PB-CGBC for cesium was 129.57 mg/g at 15℃ and pH 8 at 40 mM of an initial cesium concentration, which was one of the highest values among those of previously reported adsorbents.Conclusions: In this study, the PB-CGBC was synthesized by immobilizing Prussian blue to the surface of coffee ground biochar and successfully applied for the adsorptive removal of cesium ions. Based on the experimental results, the synthesized PB-CGBC can be served as a great adsorbent for treatment of wastewater polluted with radioactive cesium.

A Simple and Rapid Method for Reducing Radiocesium Concentrations in Wild Mushrooms (Cantharellus and Boletus) in the Course of Cooking

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1995-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORG STEINHAUSER ◽  
VERONIKA STEINHAUSER
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Nuclear Accidents ◽  
Wild Mushrooms ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Lower Affinity ◽  
Boletus Edulis ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT Many species of mushrooms are known accumulators of radioactive cesium (137Cs and 134Cs). Even years and decades after major nuclear accidents, especially those at Chernobyl and Fukushima, mushrooms exhibit high concentrations of these radionuclides. We investigated a simple method for reducing the activity of radiocesium in wild mushrooms (chanterelles, Cantharellus cibarius; and boleti, Boletus edulis) during cooking. The juice generated while cooking mushrooms contains a relatively high fraction of the total cesium. The amount of juice can be increased by washing the mushrooms with water prior to cooking. By removing the juice, up to 29% of the radiocesium can be easily removed from chanterelles. Because boleti have a lower affinity for cesium, activity levels were lower in boleti than in chanterelles. The fraction of radiocesium in the juice was lower in boleti than in chanterelles.

scholarly journals Extraction of magnetic circular dichroism effects from blended mixture of magnetic linear dichroism signals in the cobalt/Scotch tape system

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Hua Huang ◽  
Hua-Shu Hsu ◽  
Shih-Jye Sun ◽  
Yu-Ying Chang ◽  
Paweł Misiuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Material ◽  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Linear Dichroism ◽  
General Strategy ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Scotch Tape ◽  
Polymer Hybrid ◽  
Spin Polarized ◽  
Magnetic Linear Dichroism ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm

AbstractCircular dichroism (CD) signals revealed in some materials may arise from different origins during measurements. Magnetic field dependent CD (MCD) emanating from the spin-polarized band provides direct insight into the spin–spin interband transitions in magnetic materials. On the contrary, natural CD effects which are artefactual signals resulting from the linear polarization (LP) components during the polarization modulation with a photo-elastic modulator in anisotropic polymer systems were usually observed. There is no simple method to reliably distinguish MCD effect due to spin polarized band structures from natural CD effect, which limits our understanding of the magnetic material/polymer hybrid structures. This paper aims to introduce a general strategy of averaging out the magnetic linear dichroism (MLD) contributions due to the anisotropic structure and disentangling MCD signal(s) from natural MCD signal(s). We demonstrate the effectiveness of separating MCD from natural MCD using rotational MCD measurement and presented the results of a sample with Co thin film on polymer Scotch tape (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) glued on a quartz substrate. We demonstrate that the proposed method can be used as an effective tool in disentangling MCD and natural MCD effects, and it opens prospects to study the magnetic material /polymer hybrid systems.

Decontamination of Radioactive Cesium from Sea Sludge Using Microbial Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 617 ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Hirosuke Hirano ◽  
Nobuyuki Nishimiya ◽  
Yoshiyuki Kojima ◽  
Takeshi Toyama ◽  
Tetsuo Umegaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Condition ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Tokyo Bay ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Cesium Nitrate ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Cesium Concentration

Fukushima nuclear power plant was destroyed by tsunami of the Great East Japan earthquake, and radioactive cesium was widely scattered from there. Further, highly concentrated radioactive cesium was found in the bottom of the sea sludge of Tokyo Bay, where the cesium concentration is 1.513 times as high as usual. However, the decontamination method of the bottom of the sea sludge is not yet established. Therefore, the authors proposed to decontaminate cesium from the sea sludge under an anaerobic condition, referenced from a previous study. Sludge and cesium nitrate were mixed with a wet weight ratio of 0.3 wt% for cesium nitrate to form a model mixture, and immersed in 6 dm3 of deionized water and kept for 10 days. As a result, the author found terms that is able to decrease amount of cesium in the sludge. However we found this term was not anaerobic condition from after research, finally found difficult to decreased cesium in the sludge without aerobic condition.

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