Standardized root extract of Withania somnifera and Withanolide A exert moderate vasorelaxant effect in the rat aortic rings by enhancing nitric oxide generation

2021 ◽  
pp. 114296
Author(s):  
Priya Pathak ◽  
Prachi Shukla ◽  
Jitendra S. Kanshana ◽  
Kumaravelu Jagavelu ◽  
Neelima S. Sangwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Withanolide A

Biochemical study of root extract of Withania somnifera (L.)plant through HPLC analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Gaurav ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Aditi Grover ◽  
Deepak Som ◽  
U. K. Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Withanolide A ◽  
Shoot Tip Explants ◽  
Quality Production

Secondary metabolite contents of W. somnifera varied remarkably between seasons and genotypes under ex vitro condition. In vitro studies provide an optimum culture condition for steady and quality production of bioactive chemicals throughout the year without involvement of environmental stresses. Mass production of micro-shoots and plantlets by exploring the organogenic totipotency of shoot tip explants (ex vitro and in vitro grown) considering two elite genotypes (Poshita and Jawahar 22) of W. somnifera, and assessment of their capability in production and accumulation of bioactive metabolites (total alkaloid and withanolides amount were quantified; withanolide A and withaferin A contents were estimated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-HPLC).

Altered muscarinic receptor expression in the cerebral cortex of epileptic rats: restorative role of Withania somnifera

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. Anju ◽  
S. Smijin ◽  
M. Jobin ◽  
C.S. Paulose
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Muscarinic Receptor ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Withanolide A

Temporal lobe epilepsy involves a sequence of events that can lead to neurotransmitter signalling alterations. There are many herbal extracts considered to be alternative therapeutic methods to manage epilepsy. In this study, we investigated the effect of Withania somnifera (WS) root extract and withanolide A (WA) in the management of temporal lobe epilepsy. Confocal imaging of TOPRO-3-stained cortical sections showed severe damage in the epileptic brain. We also observed a reduced antioxidant potential and increased peroxide levels in the epileptic test group of rats. Oxidative stress resulted in the down-regulation of CREB, NF-κB, and TNF-α, and with up-regulation of the apoptotic factors caspases 8 and 3 and Bax in the epileptic group. Epileptic condition also resulted in increased muscarinic receptor binding and mRNA expression in the cerebral cortex. Withania somnifera and withanolide A significantly reversed the altered muscarinic receptor expression and reversed the oxidative stress and resultant derailment in cell signalling. Thus our studies suggest that Withania somnifera and withanolide A play important roles in central muscarinic receptor functional balance and activation of the antioxidant system in the cerebral cortex in temporal lobe epilepsy. These findings can be of immense therapeutic significance for managing epilepsy.

scholarly journals A comparative pharmacokinetics study of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) Root Extract sustained-release capsules: an open-label, randomized, two treatment, two-sequence, two period, single-dose crossover clinical study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Krishna Raju Alluri ◽  
Shefali Thanawala ◽  
Vivek Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Reference Product ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Test Product ◽  
Withanolide A

Background: In this open-label, randomized, balanced, two-treatment, two-sequence, two-period, crossover, single-dose oral comparative pharmacokinetics study, the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of test product ‘ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)’ root extract sustained release capsule 300 mg (Prolanza™), each containing 15 mg withanolides (administered dose: 2×15 mg) was compared with that of a reference product (organic KSM-66 ashwagandha extract [vegan] capsule, each containing 15 mg withanolides [administered dose: 2×15 mg]).Methods: Total 14 healthy men were randomized to receive either the test or the reference product as a single dose of 2 capsules in sequence, administered under fasting conditions. Plasma concentrations of total withanolides, withanolide A and 12-deoxywithastramonolide were measured using validated liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy/mass spectroscopy.Results: The test product had higher relative absorption, better relative bioavailability, and longer elimination half-life indicating a sustained-release profile compared to reference. Specifically, the relative bioavailability of the test formulation was 12, 44, and 11 times higher for total withanolides, withanolide A and 12-deoxywithastramonolide, respectively. No adverse events were reported during the study.Conclusions: The sustained-release profile of the test product, compared to reference product, will provide more long-lasting therapeutic effects from a single daily dose (Retrospectively applied on Clinical Trials Registry - India [CTRI]. Application reference number: REF/2020/03/032408). The study reports the unique sustained release formulation of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root extract. The pharmacokinetic study also reports for first time, the successful plasma estimation of withanolide A and 12-deoxywithastraamonolide, the major phytoactives of ashwagandha.

Synthesis, In-Vitro and In-Silico Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles with Root Extract of Withania somnifera for Antibacterial Activity via Binding of Penicillin-Binding Protein-4

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 1674-1687
Author(s):  
Isha Gaurav ◽  
Tanuja Singh ◽  
Abhimanyu Thakur ◽  
Gaurav Kumar ◽  
Parth Rathee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Withaferin A ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
Withanolide A

Background: Metal Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used for various applications in biomedical sciences, including in drug delivery, and as therapeutic agents, but limited owing to their toxicity towards the healthy tissue. This warrants an alternative method, which can achieve the desired activity with much reduced or no toxicity. Being a biological product, Withania somnifera (W. somnifera) is environment friendly, besides being less toxic as compared to metal-based NPs. However, the exact mechanism of action of W. somnifera for its antibacterial activities has not been studied so far. Objective: To develop “silver nanoparticles with root extract of W. somnifera (AgNPs-REWS)” for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. Furthermore, the analysis of their mechanism of action will be studied. Methods: Using the in-silico approach, the molecular docking study was performed to evaluate the possible antibacterial mechanism of W. somnifera phytochemicals such as Anaferine, Somniferine, Stigmasterol, Withaferin A, Withanolide- A, G, M, and Withanone by the inhibition of Penicillin- Binding Protein 4 (PBP4). Next, we utilized a bottom-up approach for the green synthesis of AgNPs- REWS, performed an in-detail phytochemical analysis, confirmed the AgNPs-REWS by SEM, UVvisible spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR, and HPLC. Eventually, we examined their antibacterial activity. Results: The result of molecular docking suggests that WS phytochemicals (Somniferine, Withaferin A, Withanolide A, Withanolide G, Withanolide M, and Withanone) possess the higher binding affinity toward the active site of PBP4 as compared to the Ampicillin (-6.39 kcal/mol) reference molecule. These phytochemicals predicted as potent inhibitors of PBP4. Next, as a proof-of-concept, AgNPs- REWS showed significant antibacterial effect as compared to crude, and control; against Xanthomonas and Ralstonia species. Conclusion: The in-silico and molecular docking analysis showed that active constituents of W. somnifera such as Somniferine, Withaferin A, Withanolide A, Withanolide G, Withanolide M, and Withanone possess inhibition potential for PBP4 and are responsible for the anti-bacterial property of W. somnifera extract. This study also establishes that AgNPs via the green synthesis with REWS showed enhanced antibacterial activity towards pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Antitumor Potential of Green Synthesized ZnONPs Using Root Extract of Withania somnifera against Human Breast Cancer Cell Line

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Kollur Shiva Prasad ◽  
Shashanka K Prasad ◽  
Ravindra Veerapur ◽  
Ghada Lamraoui ◽  
Ashwini Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Transmission Electron

Herein we report the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using Withania somnifera root extract (WSE) as an effective chelating agent. The microscopic techniques viz., X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) were employed to analyze the as-obtained ZnONPs. The crystalline planes observed from the XRD pattern agrees with the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the as-prepared ZnONPs. The aggregations and agglomerations observed in the SEM images indicated that the size of the as-prepared ZnONPs was between 30 and 43 nm. The interplanar distance between the lattice fringes observed in the HRTEM image was found to be 0.253 nm, which is in good agreement with the (100) plane obtained in the XRD pattern. Furthermore, the anti-breast cancer cytotoxic evaluation was carried out using the MCF-7 cell line, and the results showed significant cytotoxic effects in a dose-dependent manner.

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