Competitive role of nitrogen functionalities of N doped GO and sensitizing effect of Bi2O3 QDs on TiO2 for water remediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Saima Noor ◽  
Shamaila Sajjad ◽  
Sajjad Ahmed Khan Leghari ◽  
Cristina Flox ◽  
Saeed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Water Remediation ◽  
Sensitizing Effect

Electrospun Nanofibers: Role of Nanofibers in Water Remediation and Effect of Experimental Variables on their Nano topography and Application Processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Padaki ◽  
Subrahmanya TM ◽  
Divya Prasad ◽  
sebastien deon ◽  
Arvind H. Jadhav
Keyword(s):  
Natural Water ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rapid Industrialization

Water is the elixir of life and the most elementary need for the survival of the human beings on planet Earth. With rapid industrialization, globalization and human exploitation, natural water...

Role of PKC, tyrosine kinases, and Rho kinase in α-adrenoreceptor-mediated PASM contraction

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (5) ◽  
pp. L1051-L1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek S. Damron ◽  
Noriaki Kanaya ◽  
Yasuyuki Homma ◽  
Si-Oh Kim ◽  
Paul A. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Tension Development ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle ◽  
Sensitizing Effect ◽  
Multiple Signaling

Our objectives were to identify the relative contributions of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity in the pulmonary artery smooth muscle (PASM) contractile response to the α-adrenoreceptor agonist phenylephrine (PE) and to assess the role of PKC, tyrosine kinases (TK), and Rho kinase (ROK) in that response. Our hypothesis was that multiple signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of [Ca2+]i, myofilament Ca2+sensitization, and vasomotor tone in response to α-adrenoreceptor stimulation of PASM. Simultaneous measurement of [Ca2+]i and isometric tension was performed in isolated canine pulmonary arterial strips loaded with fura 2-AM. PE-induced tension development was due to sarcolemmal Ca2+influx, Ca2+ release from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+stores, and myofilament Ca2+ sensitization. Inhibition of either PKC or TK partially attenuated the sarcolemmal Ca2+influx component and the myofilament Ca2+ sensitizing effect of PE. Combined inhibition of PKC and TK did not have an additive attenuating effect on PE-induced Ca2+sensitization. ROK inhibition slightly decreased [Ca2+]i but completely inhibited myofilament Ca2+ sensitization. These results indicate that PKC and TK activation positively regulate sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx in response to α-adrenoreceptor stimulation in PASM but have relatively minor effects on myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. ROK is the predominant pathway mediating PE-induced myofilament Ca2+sensitization.

scholarly journals Solar Light Photoactive Floating Polyaniline/TiO2 Composites for Water Remediation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3071
Author(s):  
Ermelinda Falletta ◽  
Anna Bruni ◽  
Marta Sartirana ◽  
Daria C. Boffito ◽  
Giuseppina Cerrato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Doping Agent ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Materials Behavior

In the present study, the development of innovative polyurethane-polyaniline/TiO2 modified floating materials applied in the sorption and photodegradation of rhodamine B from water matrix under solar light irradiation is reported. All the materials were fabricated with inexpensive and easy approaches and were properly characterized. The effect of the kind of polyaniline (PANI) dopant on the materials’ behavior was investigated, as well as the role of the conducting polymer in the pollutant abatement on the basis of its physico-chemical characteristics. Rhodamine B is removed by adsorption and/or photodegradation processes depending on the type of doping agent used for PANI protonation. The best materials were subjected to recycle tests in order to demonstrate their stability under the reaction conditions. The main transformation products formed during the photodegradation process were identified by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). The results demonstrated that photoactive floating PANI/TiO2 composites are useful alternatives to common powder photocatalysts for the degradation of cationic dyes.

scholarly journals Phytodecontamination of Water Systems from Phenolic Endocrine Disruptors and the Regulation Role of Natural Organic Matter

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Loffredo ◽  
Andreina Traversa
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Environmentally Safe

In the last decades an increasing number of natural and synthetic compounds have been recognized as endocrine disruptors (EDs) because of their hormone-like activity and capacity to alter the normal hormonal functions of animals and humans. Among EDs, there are phenolic compounds widely present in terrestrial and aquatic systems, such as bisphenol A, 4-nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol, estrone, ethynilestradiol and so on. Estrogenic effects of these molecules have been ascertained on mollusks, crustaceans, fishes, amphibians and mammals starting from concentrations of 1 μgL−1. Thus, the removal of EDs from polluted media is a priority goal in order to avoid risks for the ecosystem health. Nowadays, several physico-chemical methods are mainly used for the removal of EDs from liquid and solid matrices. Nevertheless, these methods are expensive, difficult to apply and may produce a negative impact on the environment. Recently, most of studies on soil and water remediation from EDs address more sustainable techniques using bacteria, fungi, microbial enzymes and plants. Phytoremediation uses photoautotrophic organisms to uptake, transform, volatilize or stabilize pollutants present in waters, sediments, soils and atmosphere. As this technology is solar driven and exploits natural sources, it is consequently environmentally safe and cost-effective. A fundamental role in the phytoremediation process is played by natural organic molecules, mainly dissolved organic matter and humic substances. These compounds are ubiquitous in all terrestrial and aquatic environments and they interact at various extent with all contaminants deriving from agricultural, industrial and urban activities. Natural organic matter has a relevant biological activity and may also regulate the decontamination capacity of plants and other organisms, such as algae and fungi. In this review, some results of phytodecontamination studies conducted using herbaceous plant species which are presented and discussed. Further, the modulation role of natural organic matter on the phytodecontamination process is highlighted.

Role of pregnancy on insulin-induced vasorelaxation: the influence of angiotensin II receptors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betzabel Rodriguez-Reyes ◽  
Cecilia Tufiño ◽  
Ruth Mery López ◽  
Elvia Mera-Jimenez ◽  
Rosa Amalia Bobadilla Lugo
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
At1 Receptors ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Sensitizing Effect ◽  
At2 Receptors

Pregnancy is characterized by insulin resistance that is associated with increased angiotensin II (AngII) and insulin levels. Therefore, pregnancy may change insulin-induced vasodilation through changes in AngII receptors. Insulin-induced vasorelaxation was evaluated in phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings of pregnant and non-pregnant rats, using a conventional isolated organ preparation. Experiments were performed in thoracic or abdominal aorta rings with or without endothelium in the presence and absence of L-NAME (10-5 M), losartan (10-7 M) or PD123319 (10-7 M). AT1 and AT2 receptors expression were detected by immunohistochemistry. Insulin-induced vasodilation was endothelium and NO dependent and decreased in the thoracic aorta but increased in the abdominal segment of pregnant rats. Insulin’s vasorelaxant effect was increased by losartan mainly on the thoracic aorta. PD123319 decreased insulin-induced vasorelaxation mainly in the pregnant rat abdominal aorta. AT1 receptors’ expression was decreased while AT2 receptors’ expression was increased by pregnancy. In conclusion, pregnancy changes insulin-induced vasorelaxation. Moreover, insulin vasodilation is tonically inhibited by AT1 receptors, while AT2 receptors appear to have an insulin-sensitizing effect. The role of pregnancy and AngII receptors differ depending on the aorta segment. These results shed light on the role of pregnancy and AngII receptors on the regulation of insulin-mediated vasodilation.

Role of NOX2 in the regulation of afferent arteriole responsiveness

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. R72-R79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias Carlström ◽  
En Yin Lai ◽  
Zufu Ma ◽  
Andreas Patzak ◽  
Russell D. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Perfusion ◽  
Afferent Arteriole ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Nitric Oxide Deficiency ◽  
Sensitizing Effect

NADPH oxidases (NOX) are the major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vasculature and contribute to the control of renal perfusion. The role of NOX2 in the regulation of blood pressure and afferent arteriole responsiveness was investigated in NOX2−/− and wild-type mice. Arteriole constrictions to ANG II (10−14–10−6 mol/l) were weaker in NOX2−/− compared with wild types. Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME; 10−4 mol/l) treatment reduced basal diameters significantly more in NOX2−/− (−18%) than in wild types (−6%) and augmented ANG II responses. Adenosine (10−11–10−4 mol/l) constricted arterioles of wild types but not of NOX2−/−. However, simultaneous inhibition of adenosine type-2 receptors induced vasoconstriction, which was stronger in NOX2−/−. Adenosine (10−8 mol/l) enhanced the ANG II response in wild type, but not in NOX2−/−. This sensitizing effect by adenosine was abolished by apocynin. Chronic ANG II pretreatment (14 days) did not change the ANG II responses in NOX2−/−, but strengthened the response in wild types. ANG II pretreatment augmented the l-NAME response in NOX2−/− (−33%), but not in wild types. Simultaneous application of l-NAME and ANG II caused a stronger constriction in the NOX2−/− (−64%) than in wild types (−46%). Basal blood pressures were similar in both genotypes, however, chronic ANG II infusion elevated blood pressure to a greater extent in wild-type (15 ± 1%) than in NOX2−/− (8 ± 1%) mice. In conclusion, NOX2 plays an important role in the control of afferent arteriole tone and is involved in the contractile responses to ANG II and/or adenosine. NOX2 can be activated by elevated ANG II and may play an important role in ANG II-induced hypertension. NOX2-derived ROS scavenges nitric oxide, causing subsequent nitric oxide-deficiency.

scholarly journals Preliminary evaluation of the role of activated carbon in soil/water remediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Viktor Mukhin ◽  
◽  
Nikolai Koroleov ◽  
Valentina Mednyak ◽  
Tudor Lupascu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Structure Parameters ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
The World ◽  
Ecological Problems

This paper presents brief scientific information concerning the role of activated carbons (AC) in solving economic and ecological problems in our society. Data concerning synthesis and adsorption of new activated carbons, used for soil remediation and wastewater treatment are depicted. The findings of investigations aimed to compare the structure parameters and adsorption capacities of the newly obtained native activated carbons in comparison with several activated carbon marks known in the world are explained. It has been shown that currently synthesized activated carbons are competitive with foreign marks.

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