High prevalence of sexually transmitted coinfections among at-risk people living with HIV

Abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the human immune system, especially white blood cells called CD4 cells. Meanwhile, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a syndrome that arises due to the decline in the human immune system caused by HIV infection. Several studies showed that people living with HIV/AIDS had a higher risk of developing dental caries compared to those without HIV/AIDS. Maintenance of oral hygiene, consumption of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, and low salivary flow play a role in increasing the risk of caries in people living with HIV/AIDS. This study was aimed to determine the status of dental caries in people living with HIV/AIDS. This was a literature review using the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, and Clinical Key. The results obtained five journals that were relevant to the topic of discussion. There was a high prevalence of caries in people with HIV/AIDS (56.78%-78.7%) and a higher average caries status (12.83±9.6, 15.14±6.09, and 11.87±8.08) compared to those without HIV/AIDS. The high prevalence of caries in people with HIV/AIDS was influenced by decreased salivary flow, use of ARVs, consumption of sweet foods, and lack of oral hygiene. In conclusion, the prevalence of caries in people living with HIV/AIDS was high.Keywords: dental caries, HIV/AIDS Abstrak: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) adalah virus yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia kususnya sel darah putih yang disebut sel CD4 sedangkan acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) merupakan sindrom yang muncul akibat menurunnya sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia yang diakibatkan infeksi HIV. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengidap HIV/AIDS berisiko lebih tinggi mengalami karies gigi dibandingkan dengan orang tanpa HIV/AIDS. Pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi mulut, konsumsi obat antiretroviral (ARV), dan aliran saliva yang rendah berperan dalam peningkatan risiko karies gigi pada pengidap HIV/AIDS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status karies gigi pada pengidap HIV/AIDS. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review. Database yang digunakan untuk pencarian literatur ialah Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Clinical Key. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan prevalensi karies yang tinggi pada pengidap HIV/AIDS (56,78%-78,7%) dan rerata status karies lebih tinggi (12,83±9,6, 15,14±6,09, dan 11,87±8,08) dibandingkan dengan yang tanpa HIV/AIDS. Tingginya prevalensi karies pada pengidap HIV/AIDS dipengaruhi oleh penurunan laju aliran saliva, penggunaan ARV, konsumsi makanan manis, dan kurangnya menjaga kebersihan gigi mulut. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah prevalensi karies pada pengidap HIV/AIDS tergolong tinggi.Kata kunci: karies gigi, HIV/AIDS

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Evolving Toward Shared HIV Care Using the Champlain BASE eConsult Service

MDM Policy & Practice ◽

10.1177/2381468319868216 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 238146831986821

Author(s):

Claire E. Kendall ◽

Janessa E. Porter ◽

Esther S. Shoemaker ◽

Rachel Seoyeon Kang ◽

Michael Fitzgerald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Primary Care Providers ◽

Question Type ◽

Hiv Care ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Local Health ◽

Care Providers ◽

Patients At Risk ◽

Survey Responses ◽

Living With Hiv

Background. Electronic consultation (eConsultation) is a potential strategy to improve access to specialist expertise and facilitate collaborative care models. The Champlain BASE eConsult service allows for asynchronous communication between primary care providers (PCP) and specialists on a secure, web-based system. HIV experts accessible include HIV physician specialists, HIV pharmacists, and social workers with expertise in HIV. Objective. This study aims to describe the use, value, and utility of this eConsultation service in the care of people living with HIV and to characterize the common question types and clinical topics asked by PCPs. Methods. We analyzed the data from eConsults sent to the HIV specialty group in Ontario’s Champlain Local Health Integration Network between February 2015 and December 2017. Usage data and close-out survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, eConsults were classified using a predefined list of validated taxonomy, and a thematic analysis was performed on the consultation logs to identify common clinical themes. Results. Among the 46 eConsults, the most common question type related to drug treatment (58.7%, n = 27) and management (19.6%, n = 9). The main clinical themes involved the care of significant complexities in people living with HIV, such as comorbidities and drug interactions, and suggestions of coordinated patient care. As well, eConsult was used for advice regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-negative patients at risk of HIV infection. PCPs highly valued the eConsult service (average rating 4.8/5). Conclusion. Overall, this study demonstrates that eConsult provides an efficient and valuable service to PCPs caring for patients living with or at risk for HIV by improving access to HIV specialists and facilitating the delivery of team-based comprehensive care.

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Improving communication about HIV prevention among people living with HIV and their at-risk social network members in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Cogent Medicine ◽

10.1080/2331205x.2019.1600230 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1600230 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hellen Siril ◽

Anna Kaale ◽

Anna Minja ◽

Japheth Kilewo ◽

Ferdinand Mugusi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Social Network ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Dar Es Salaam ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Living With Hiv

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High prevalence of binge drinking among people living with HIV in four African countries

Journal of the International AIDS Society ◽

10.1002/jia2.25202 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (12) ◽

pp. e25202 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Marcellin N Nouaman ◽

Michael Vinikoor ◽

Moussa Seydi ◽

Didier K Ekouevi ◽

Patrick A Coffie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binge Drinking ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

African Countries ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Living With Hiv

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P3-S3.04 Clinical screening of sexually transmitted infections and risk factors among people living with HIV at the University Hospital of Cotonou

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.453 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 87 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A286-A286

Author(s):

C. Ahouada ◽

J. Bashi ◽

M. D. Zannou ◽

A. Gougounon ◽

J. Akakpo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

University Hospital ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Clinical Screening ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

The University ◽

Living With Hiv

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Uptake and trends in ordering of funded hepatitis B immunisation for priority populations in Victoria, Australia, 2013–2014

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh16002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 188

Author(s):

Jennifer H. MacLachlan ◽

Benjamin C. Cowie

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Department Of Health ◽

Priority Populations ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Background The Department of Health and Human Services in Victoria provides funded hepatitis B vaccine to many priority groups at risk of acquiring infection. We aimed to determine the uptake of vaccine ordering for at-risk groups over time, to assess any trends and identify any gaps in prevention of hepatitis B for those at risk. Methods: Routinely collected administrative data regarding the indication for vaccine ordered by practitioners were analysed for the period June 2013 to December 2014. Number of doses and courses distributed was determined and compared with the estimated size of the priority populations. Results: During the 18-month period assessed, 20 498 doses of funded hepatitis B vaccine were ordered, equating to ~5700 complete courses, with the overall number of orders per quarter increasing between 2013 and 2014. The most common indication was being a household or sexual contact of people living with hepatitis B (2803 courses, 49.2% of the total), equating to approximately one course per new chronic hepatitis B notification. The remaining doses were largely distributed to people living with HIV (648 courses, 11.4%), people living with hepatitis C (621 courses, 10.9%), and people who inject drugs (594 courses, 10.4%). Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates that access to hepatitis B immunisation among priority populations appears to have increased in Victoria during 2013–14, however it could still be improved. Continued assessment of these data over time will be important to measure the impact of interventions on increasing the reach of the funded vaccine program.

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