Enhancing the sorption capacity of CTMA-bentonite by simultaneous intercalation of cationic polyacrylamide

2010 ◽  
Vol 178 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1078-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wang ◽  
Jianxi Zhu ◽  
Runliang Zhu ◽  
Fei Ge ◽  
Peng Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Cationic Polyacrylamide

The Influences of the Rank of Coal on Methane Sorption Capacity in Coals/Wpływ Rzędu Węgla Na Pojemność Sorpcyjną Metanu W Węglach

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-516
Author(s):  
Andrzej Olajossy
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Petrographic Composition ◽  
Methane Sorption ◽  
Indian Coals

Abstract Methane sorption capacity is of significance in the issues of coalbed methane (CBM) and depends on various parameters, including mainly, on rank of coal and the maceral content in coals. However, in some of the World coals basins the influences of those parameters on methane sorption capacity is various and sometimes complicated. Usually the rank of coal is expressed by its vitrinite reflectance Ro. Moreover, in coals for which there is a high correlation between vitrinite reflectance and volatile matter Vdaf the rank of coal may also be represented by Vdaf. The influence of the rank of coal on methane sorption capacity for Polish coals is not well understood, hence the examination in the presented paper was undertaken. For the purpose of analysis there were chosen fourteen samples of hard coal originating from the Upper Silesian Basin and Lower Silesian Basin. The scope of the sorption capacity is: 15-42 cm3/g and the scope of vitrinite reflectance: 0,6-2,2%. Majority of those coals were of low rank, high volatile matter (HV), some were of middle rank, middle volatile matter (MV) and among them there was a small number of high rank, low volatile matter (LV) coals. The analysis was conducted on the basis of available from the literature results of research of petrographic composition and methane sorption isotherms. Some of those samples were in the form (shape) of grains and others - as cut out plates of coal. The high pressure isotherms previously obtained in the cited studies were analyzed here for the purpose of establishing their sorption capacity on the basis of Langmuire equation. As a result of this paper, it turned out that for low rank, HV coals the Langmuire volume VL slightly decreases with the increase of rank, reaching its minimum for the middle rank (MV) coal and then increases with the rise of the rank (LV). From the graphic illustrations presented with respect to this relation follows the similarity to the Indian coals and partially to the Australian coals.

Fabrication and Application of Cationic Polyacrylamide

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-174
Author(s):  
Geng Su ◽  
Ya-Jie Jiang ◽  
Hong-Bin Ju ◽  
Ya-Kui Wang ◽  
Shui-Xin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cationic Polyacrylamide

Природные материалы для сорбционной очистки хром- и кадмийсодержащих инфильтратов полигонов ТБО

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. Safonov ◽  
N. Andriushchenko ◽  
N. Popova ◽  
K. Boldyrev
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Проведен анализ сорбционных характеристик природных материалов (вермикулит, керамзит, перлит, цеолит Трейд ) при очистке кадмий- и хромсодержащих сточных вод с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК. Установлено, что цеолит обладает максимальными сорбционными характеристиками для Cd и Cr и наименьшим биологическим обрастанием. При использовании вермикулита и керамзита или смесей на их основе можно ожидать увеличения сорбционной емкости для Cd и Сr при микробном обрастании, неизбежно происходящем в условиях контакта с водами, загрязненными органическими соединениями и биогенами. При этом биообрастание может повысить иммобилизационную способность материалов для редоксзависимых металлов за счет ферментативных ресурсов бактериальных клеток, использующих их в качестве акцепторов электронов. Эффект микробного обрастания разнонаправленно изменял параметры материалов: для Cr в большинстве случаев уменьшение и для Cd значительное увеличение. При этом дополнительным эффектом иммобилизации Cr является его биологическое восстановление биопленками. Варьируя состав сорбционного материала, можно подбирать смеси, оптимально подходящие для очистки вод инфильтратов с полигонов твердых бытовых отходов с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК и биогенным элементам как при использовании in situ, так и в системах на поверхности.The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, Trade zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

Clay liner materials for land disposal of hazardous non-metal wastes

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
I. M.-C. Lo ◽  
H. M. Liljestrand ◽  
J. Khim ◽  
Y. Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Surface Exchange ◽  
Clay Liner ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Exchange Constants ◽  
Anionic Species ◽  
Surface Ligand ◽  
Land Disposal

Simple land disposal systems for hazardous and mixed wastes contain heavy metal cationic species through precipitation and ion exchange mechanisms but typically fail by releasing soluble organic and inorganic anionic species. To enhance the removal of anions from leachate, clays are modified with coatings of iron or aluminium cations to bridge between the anionic surface and the anionic pollutants. A competitive surface ligand exchange model indicates that surface coatings of 10 meq cation/gm montmorillonite under typical leachate conditions increase the inorganic anion sorption capacity by at least a factor of 6 and increase the intrinsic surface exchange constants by more than a factor of 100. Similarly, metal hydroxide coatings on montmorillonite increase the organic anion sorption capacity by a factor of 9 and increase the intrinsic surface exchange constants by a factor of 20. For historical concentrations of non-metal anions in US hazardous and mixed waste leachate, sorption onto natural clay liner materials is dominated by arsenate sorption. With cation coatings, anion exchange provides an effective removal for arsenate, selenate, phenols, cresols, and phthalates. Engineering applications are presented for the use of modified clays as in situ barriers to leachate transport of anionic pollutants as well as for above ground treatment of recovered leachate.

Phosphorus transport in saturated slag columns: experiments and mathematical models

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Lee ◽  
S. Vigneswaran ◽  
K. Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Phosphorus Transport ◽  
Waste Products

Excessive phosphorus (P as orthophosphate) is one of the major pollutants in natural water that are responsible for algal blooms and eutrophication. P removal by slag is an attractive solution if the P sorption capacity of slag is significant. To design an efficient land treatment facility, basic information on the behaviour of P in the media-water environment is required. In this study, detailed column experiments were conducted to study the P transport under dynamic condition, and mathematical models were developed to describe this process. The column experiments conducted with dust and cake waste products (slag) from a steel industry as adsorbing indicated that they had higher sorption capacity of P than that of a sandy loam soil from North Sydney, Australia. P transport in the dust and cake columns exhibited characteristic S-shaped or curvilinear breakthrough curves. The simulated results from a dynamic physical nonequilibrium sorption model (DPNSM) and Freundlich isotherm constants satisfactorily matched the corresponding experimental breakthrough data. The mobility of P is restricted by the adsorbents and it is proportional to the sorption capacity of them.

scholarly journals Phosphate Removal Using Polyethylenimine Functionalized Silica-Based Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Maria Xanthopoulou ◽  
Dimitrios Giliopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Tzollas ◽  
Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis ◽  
Margaritis Kostoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Algae Blooms ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Phosphate Anions ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

In water and wastewater, phosphate anions are considered critical contaminants because they cause algae blooms and eutrophication. The present work aims at studying the removal of phosphate anions from aqueous solutions using silica particles functionalized with polyethylenimine. The parameters affecting the adsorption process such as pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and the presence of competitive anions, such as carbonate, nitrate, sulfate and chromate ions, were studied. Equilibrium studies were carried out to determine their sorption capacity and the rate of phosphate ions uptake. The adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir and Sips model. The maximum sorption capacity was 41.1 mg/g at pH 5, which decreased slightly at pH 7. The efficiency of phosphate removal adsorption increased at lower pH values and by increasing the adsorbent dose. The maximum phosphate removal was 80% for pH 5 and decreased to 75% for pH 6, to 73% for pH 7 and to 70% for pH 8, for initial phosphate concentration at about 1 mg/L and for a dose of adsorbent 100 mg/L. The removal rate was increased with the increase of the adsorbent dose. For example, for initial phosphate concentration of 4 mg/L the removal rate increased from 40% to 80% by increasing the dose from 0.1 to 2.0 g/L at pH 7. The competitive anions adversely affected phosphate removal. Though they were also found to be removed to a certain extent. Their co-removal provided an adsorbent which might be very useful for treating waters with low-level multiple contaminant occurrence in natural or engineered aquatic systems.

scholarly journals Effect of cobalt (nickel) oxide on the properties of zinc–titanium sorbents for high temperature desulphurization of model coal gas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chomiak ◽  
J. Trawczyński ◽  
M. Zawadzki
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Mixed Metal Oxides ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
Cobalt Nickel ◽  
Texture Structure ◽  
Cobalt Nickel Oxide ◽  
Co Doped

AbstractZn–Ti–Co(Ni) sorbents for H2S removal from model hot coal were prepared and characterized. Effects of cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) on the sorbents texture, structure, H2S sorption capacity and regeneration properties were determined. TiO2 formed mixed metal oxides with CoO and NiO in the fresh sorbents, while TiO2 and nanocrystalline sulfides of Zn, Co, Ni were found in sulphided ones. The oxidative regeneration of sulphided sorbents re-formed mixed oxides. Sorption capacity of studied materials increased along with an increase of the amount of added Co (Ni) and also with the number of work cycles. Co-doped Zn–Ti materials adsorbed up to 244% more sulfur than these of Zn–Ti, while Ni-doped materials adsorbed ca. twice more H2S than the corresponding Co-doped sorbents. The addition of Co (Ni) decreased the temperature of ZnS oxidation. The catalytic effect of the Co (Ni) oxides on the oxidation of ZnS was suggested.

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