scholarly journals Phosphate Removal Using Polyethylenimine Functionalized Silica-Based Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Maria Xanthopoulou ◽  
Dimitrios Giliopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Tzollas ◽  
Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis ◽  
Margaritis Kostoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Algae Blooms ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Phosphate Anions ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

In water and wastewater, phosphate anions are considered critical contaminants because they cause algae blooms and eutrophication. The present work aims at studying the removal of phosphate anions from aqueous solutions using silica particles functionalized with polyethylenimine. The parameters affecting the adsorption process such as pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and the presence of competitive anions, such as carbonate, nitrate, sulfate and chromate ions, were studied. Equilibrium studies were carried out to determine their sorption capacity and the rate of phosphate ions uptake. The adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir and Sips model. The maximum sorption capacity was 41.1 mg/g at pH 5, which decreased slightly at pH 7. The efficiency of phosphate removal adsorption increased at lower pH values and by increasing the adsorbent dose. The maximum phosphate removal was 80% for pH 5 and decreased to 75% for pH 6, to 73% for pH 7 and to 70% for pH 8, for initial phosphate concentration at about 1 mg/L and for a dose of adsorbent 100 mg/L. The removal rate was increased with the increase of the adsorbent dose. For example, for initial phosphate concentration of 4 mg/L the removal rate increased from 40% to 80% by increasing the dose from 0.1 to 2.0 g/L at pH 7. The competitive anions adversely affected phosphate removal. Though they were also found to be removed to a certain extent. Their co-removal provided an adsorbent which might be very useful for treating waters with low-level multiple contaminant occurrence in natural or engineered aquatic systems.

Природные материалы для сорбционной очистки хром- и кадмийсодержащих инфильтратов полигонов ТБО

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. Safonov ◽  
N. Andriushchenko ◽  
N. Popova ◽  
K. Boldyrev
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Проведен анализ сорбционных характеристик природных материалов (вермикулит, керамзит, перлит, цеолит Трейд ) при очистке кадмий- и хромсодержащих сточных вод с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК. Установлено, что цеолит обладает максимальными сорбционными характеристиками для Cd и Cr и наименьшим биологическим обрастанием. При использовании вермикулита и керамзита или смесей на их основе можно ожидать увеличения сорбционной емкости для Cd и Сr при микробном обрастании, неизбежно происходящем в условиях контакта с водами, загрязненными органическими соединениями и биогенами. При этом биообрастание может повысить иммобилизационную способность материалов для редоксзависимых металлов за счет ферментативных ресурсов бактериальных клеток, использующих их в качестве акцепторов электронов. Эффект микробного обрастания разнонаправленно изменял параметры материалов: для Cr в большинстве случаев уменьшение и для Cd значительное увеличение. При этом дополнительным эффектом иммобилизации Cr является его биологическое восстановление биопленками. Варьируя состав сорбционного материала, можно подбирать смеси, оптимально подходящие для очистки вод инфильтратов с полигонов твердых бытовых отходов с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК и биогенным элементам как при использовании in situ, так и в системах на поверхности.The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, Trade zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

Use of bentonite to control the release of copper from contaminated soils

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanting Ling ◽  
Qing Shen ◽  
Yanzheng Gao ◽  
Xiaohong Gu ◽  
Zhipeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Soil Ageing

A decrease in release and availability of heavy metals in soil has been of worldwide interest in recent years. Bentonite is a type of expandable montmorillonite clay, and has strong sorption for heavy metals. In this work, the control of amended bentonite on the release of copper (Cu2+) from spiked soils was investigated using a batch equilibrium technique. Sorption of Cu by bentonite was pH-dependent, and could be well described using the Langmiur model. Maximum sorption capacity of the bentonite used in this study was 5.4 mg/g, which was much greater than soils reported in the literature. The extent of Cu2+ release from spiked soils was correlated with slurry concentrations, pH, and soil ageing process. In all cases, the amendment of bentonite was observed to effectively decrease the release of Cu2+ from soils. The apparent aqueous concentrations of Cu2+ released from soils devoid of bentonite treatment were 113–1160% higher than those from the soils amended with bentonite. Moreover, the magnitude of Cu2+ release decreased with increasing amount of bentonite added to soils. The bentonite added was more effective in retaining Cu2+ in sorbents for aged contaminated soils. Such enhanced retention resulting from the presence of bentonite was observed within a wide pH range from 2.5 to 7.0. Bentonite, as one of the most abundant minerals in soils, is regarded to improve the soil overall quality. The results obtained from this work provide useful information on utilisation of bentonite to control the release of heavy metals from contaminated soils.

CuO nanorods: a potential and efficient adsorbent in water purification

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (76) ◽  
pp. 40580-40587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta Kumar Raul ◽  
Samarpita Senapati ◽  
Ashish K. Sahoo ◽  
Iohborlang M. Umlong ◽  
Rashmi R. Devi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent ◽  
Cuo Nanorods

CuO nanorods can remove Pb(ii) from aqueous solution with a maximum sorption capacity of 3.31 mg g−1at 298 K.

scholarly journals Use of aminated hulls of sunflower seeds for the removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1211-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jóźwiak ◽  
U. Filipkowska ◽  
S. Brym ◽  
L. Kopeć
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Reactive Black 5 ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption

Abstract In this study, we analyzed the effectiveness of sorption of dyes popular in the textile industry (Reactive Black 5, Reactive Yellow 84, Acid Yellow 23, and Acid Red 18) on aminated and non-aminated seed hulls of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The scope of the study included: determination of the effect of pH on dye sorption effectiveness, sorption kinetics analyses (sorption equilibrium time, pseudo-first-order/pseudo-second-order model, intramolecular diffusion model), and determination of the maximum sorption capacity against dyes (Langmuir/Freundlich isotherm). The sorbent was subjected to the FTIR analysis. The sorption capacity of the aminated sunflower seed hulls against reactive dyes RB5 and RY84 accounted for 51.02 mg/g and 63.27 mg/g, respectively, and was higher by 1665% (17.6 times higher) and 1425% (15.3 times higher) compared to that of non-modified hulls. In the case of acidic dyes, Acid Yellow 23 and Acid Red 18, the sorption capacity of the aminated sunflower seed hulls reached 44.78 mg/g and 42.19 mg/g, respectively, and was higher by 1881% (19.8 times higher) and 2284% (23.8 times higher), respectively, compared to the non-modified hulls.

scholarly journals Removal of Cd2+ from Water by Use of Super-Macroporous Cryogels and Comparison to Commercial Adsorbents

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2405
Author(s):  
Alzhan Baimenov ◽  
Dmitriy Berillo ◽  
Seitkhan Azat ◽  
Talgat Nurgozhin ◽  
Vassilis Inglezakis
Keyword(s):  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Stability

In this study amphoteric cryogels were synthesized by the use of free-radical co-polymerization of acrylate-based precursors (methacrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propansulfonic acid) with allylamine at different ratios. The physico-chemical characteristics of the cryogels were examined using SEM/EDX, FT-IR, XPS and zeta potential measurements. The cryogels were tested toward Cd2+ removal from aqueous solutions at various pH and initial concentrations. Equilibrium studies revealed a maximum sorption capacity in the range of 132–249 mg/g. Leaching experiments indicated the stability of Cd2+ in the cryogel structure. Based on kinetics, equilibrium and characterization results, possible removal mechanisms are proposed, indicating a combination of ion exchange and complexation of Cd2+ with the cryogels’ surface functional groups. The cryogels were compared to commercially available adsorbents (zeolite Y and cation exchange resin) for the removal of Cd2+ from various water matrices (ultrapure water, tap water and river water) and the results showed that, under the experimental conditions used, the cryogels can be more effective adsorbents.

Effective uranium(vi) sorption from alkaline media using bi-functionalized silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (70) ◽  
pp. 56658-56665 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. T. Chen ◽  
L. F. He ◽  
R. Z. Liu ◽  
C. Zhang ◽  
B. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Functionalized Silica ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oxide Composite ◽  
Maximum Sorption

A bi-functionalized magnetic iron oxide composite has been employed for uranium(vi) sorption from alkaline media. The maximum sorption capacity was observed at pH 9.0 with a capacity of 70.7 mg g−1atcU(vi)initial= 21.7 mg L−1.

Adsorption of CuCl2 on Mg-Al HTlc: Effect of EDTA and Addition Sequences

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Yun Bo Zang ◽  
Nai Ying Wu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions by synthetic Mg-Al-HTlc was investigated as a function of contact time, EDTA and addition sequences at room temperature. It is found that HTlc could reduced copper ions concentration effectively. The kinetics closely fit pseudo-second order kinetics with necessary time 9 h to reach equilibrium. The sorption process followed langmuir model. The maximum sorption capacity calculated was found to be 39.4 mg/g. The presence of EDTA and addition sequences could affect sorption of Cu(II) onto HTlc.

scholarly journals Equilibrium and kinetics study on removal of arsenate ions from aqueous solution by CTAB/TiO2 and starch/CTAB/TiO2 nanoparticles: a comparative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Pankaj Gogoi ◽  
Debasish Dutta ◽  
Tarun Kr. Maji
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Equilibrium And Kinetics ◽  
Sorption Mechanisms

We present a comparative study on the efficacy of TiO2 nanoparticles for arsenate ion removal after modification with CTAB (N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethyl ammonium bromide) followed by coating with starch biopolymer. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The removal efficiency was studied as a function of contact time, material dose and initial As(V) concentration. CTAB-modified TiO2 showed the highest arsenate ion removal rate (∼99% from 400 μg/L). Starch-coated CTAB-modified TiO2 was found to be best for regeneration. For a targeted solution of 400 μg/L, a material dose of 2 g/L was found to be sufficient to reduce the As(V) concentration below 10 μg/L. Equilibrium was established within 90 minutes of treatment. The sorption pattern followed a Langmuir monolayer pattern, and the maximum sorption capacity was found to be 1.024 mg/g and 1.423 mg/g after starch coating and after CTAB modification, respectively. The sorption mechanisms were governed by pseudo second order kinetics.

Optimization of Crystallization of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate: Initial Phosphate Concentration, PH and Reactants Molar Ratio

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1289-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Huang ◽  
Li Ping Qiu ◽  
Jin Feng Meng ◽  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium

By- products are widespread in the crystallization of magnesium ammonia phosphate (MAP) as the differences in reactive conditions which effects the forms and habits of crystals. The study focused on the supernatant from septic tank in order to achieve in-situ treatment. Based on the effluent, the optimization research of initial phosphate concentration and pH was investigated by using single factor analysis. The crystal products with different reaction condition were also characteristiced through the XRD analysis. The experimental results showed that the optimum reactants molar ratio of n(NH4+):n(Mg2+):n(PO43-) were 90:25:1, 4:1.6:1 and 3:1.4:1 when pH value was 9.5 with initial phosphate concentration 8mg/L, 50mg/L and 100mg/L, respectively. It was also observed that the phosphate removal rate increased with increasing the initial phosphate concentration or pH value. As the aging time increased, the removal rate was in parabolic curve with 30 minute at the highest point. The XRD analysis revealed that the best MAP crystal could be produced with initial phosphate concentration 50mg/L and pH 9.0.

Cucumis melo Rind as Biosorbent to Remove Fe(II) and Mn(II) from Synthetic Groundwater Solution

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzila Othman ◽  
Syazwani Mohd Asharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Synthetic Groundwater ◽  
Effective Sorbent

Cucumis melo rind was evaluated as a new biosorbent for the removal of Fe (II) and Mn (II) from synthetic groundwater solution. The maximum sorption capacity of Fe (II) and Mn (II) was found to be 4.98 mg/g and 1.37 mg/g respectively. Sorption was most efficient at pH 7 and 6.5 for Fe (II) and Mn (II) respectively. The biosorption of both metals increased as the quantity of biosorbent increased. The increase in initial metal concentration was associated with steep increase in biosorption at lower concentrations and progressively reaching towards plateau at higher metal concentration. FTIR demonstrated that hydroxyl and carboxyl groups were involved in the biosorption of the metal ions. The study points to the potential of new use of Cucumis melo rind as an effective sorbent for the removal of Fe (II) and Mn (II) from aqueous solution.

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