DNA damage induced by coal dust, fly and bottom ash from coal combustion evaluated using the micronucleus test and comet assay in vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 781-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Araujo Matzenbacher ◽  
Ana Letícia Hilario Garcia ◽  
Marcela Silva dos Santos ◽  
Caroline Cardoso Nicolau ◽  
Suziane Premoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Bottom Ash

Genotoxic effects of nanosized and fine TiO2

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
GCM Falck ◽  
HK Lindberg ◽  
S. Suhonen ◽  
M. Vippola ◽  
E. Vanhala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Dose Dependent Effect ◽  
Fine Tio2 ◽  
In Vitro Genotoxicity

The in-vitro genotoxicity of nanosized TiO2 rutile and anatase was assessed in comparison with fine TiO2 rutile in human bronchial epithelial BEAS 2B cells using the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test. BEAS 2B cells were exposed to eight doses (1—100 μg/cm2) of titanium(IV) oxide nanosized rutile (>95%, <5% amorphous SiO2 coating; 10 × 40 nm), nanosized anatase (99.7%; <25 nm), or fine rutile (99.9%; <5 μm) for 24, 48, and 72 h. Fine rutile reduced cell viability at lower doses than nanosized anatase, which was more cytotoxic than nanosized rutile. In the comet assay, nanosized anatase and fine rutile induced DNA damage at several doses with all treatment times. Dose-dependent effects were seen after the 48- and 72-h treatments with nanosized anatase and after the 24-, 48- (in one out of two experiments), and 72-h treatments (one experiment) with fine rutile. The lowest doses inducing DNA damage were 1 μg/cm2 for fine rutile and 10 μg/cm 2 for nanosized anatase. Nanosized rutile showed a significant induction in DNA damage only at 80 μg/cm2 in the 24-h treatment and at 80 and 100 μg/ cm2 in the 72-h treatment (with a dose-dependent effect). Only nanosized anatase could elevate the frequency of micronucleated BEAS 2B cells, producing a significant increase at 10 and 60 μg/cm 2 after the 72-h treatment (no dose-dependency). At increasing doses of all the particles, MN analysis became difficult due to the presence of TiO2 on the microscopic slides. In conclusion, our studies in human bronchial epithelial BEAS 2B cells showed that uncoated nanosized anatase TiO2 and fine rutile TiO2 are more efficient than SiO 2-coated nanosized rutile TiO2 in inducing DNA damage, whereas only nanosized anatase is able to slightly induce micronuclei.

scholarly journals Persistent Increased Frequency of Genomic Instability in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer: Before, during, and after Treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim Paz ◽  
André Luiz Pinho Sobral ◽  
Jaqueline Nascimento Picada ◽  
Ivana Grivicich ◽  
Antonio Luiz Gomes Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Buccal Cells ◽  
Oncological Treatment

This study aimed to evaluate DNA damage in patients with breast cancer before treatment (background) and after chemotherapy (QT) and radiotherapy (RT) treatment using the Comet assay in peripheral blood and the micronucleus test in buccal cells. We also evaluated repair of DNA damage after the end of RT, as well as the response of patient’s cells before treatment with an oxidizing agent (H2O2; challenge assay). Fifty women with a mammographic diagnosis negative for cancer (control group) and 100 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer (followed up during the treatment) were involved in this study. The significant DNA damage was observed by increasing in the index and frequency of damage along with the increasing of the frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood and cells of the buccal mucosa, respectively. Despite the variability of the responses of breast cancer patients, the individuals presented lesions on the DNA, detected by the Comet assay and micronucleus Test, from the diagnosis until the end of the oncological treatment and were more susceptible to oxidative stress. We can conclude that the damages were due to clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects related to the neoplasia itself and that they increased, especially after RT.

scholarly journals Corrigendum to: Standardisation of the in vitro comet assay: influence of lysis time and lysis solution composition on the detection of DNA damage induced by X-rays

Mutagenesis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 431-431
Author(s):  
José M Enciso ◽  
Kristine B Gutzkow ◽  
Gunnar Brunborg ◽  
Ann-Karin Olsen ◽  
Adela López de Cerain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Solution Composition ◽  
Lysis Time

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of baseline and induced DNA damage in human sperm exposed to benzo[a]pyrene or its metabolite benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide, using the comet assay

Mutagenesis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sipinen ◽  
J. Laubenthal ◽  
A. Baumgartner ◽  
E. Cemeli ◽  
J. O. Linschooten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

Evaluating the combinative effects on human lymphocyte DNA damage induced by Ultraviolet ray C plus 1.8GHz microwaves using comet assay in vitro

Toxicology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Baohong ◽  
Jin Lifen ◽  
Li Lanjuan ◽  
Lou Jianlin ◽  
Lu Deqiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Human Lymphocyte ◽  
Ultraviolet Ray
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