Detection of cytogenetic and DNA damage in peripheral erythrocytes of goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to a glyphosate formulation using the micronucleus test and the comet assay

This study aimed to evaluate DNA damage in patients with breast cancer before treatment (background) and after chemotherapy (QT) and radiotherapy (RT) treatment using the Comet assay in peripheral blood and the micronucleus test in buccal cells. We also evaluated repair of DNA damage after the end of RT, as well as the response of patient’s cells before treatment with an oxidizing agent (H2O2; challenge assay). Fifty women with a mammographic diagnosis negative for cancer (control group) and 100 women with a diagnosis of breast cancer (followed up during the treatment) were involved in this study. The significant DNA damage was observed by increasing in the index and frequency of damage along with the increasing of the frequency of micronuclei in peripheral blood and cells of the buccal mucosa, respectively. Despite the variability of the responses of breast cancer patients, the individuals presented lesions on the DNA, detected by the Comet assay and micronucleus Test, from the diagnosis until the end of the oncological treatment and were more susceptible to oxidative stress. We can conclude that the damages were due to clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects related to the neoplasia itself and that they increased, especially after RT.

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DNA damage and repair after exposure to sevoflurane in vivo, evaluated in Swiss albino mice by the alkaline comet assay and micronucleus test

Journal of Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/bf03195714 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 79-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. Brozovic ◽

N. Orsolic ◽

R. Rozgaj ◽

V. Kasuba ◽

F. Knezevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Alkaline Comet Assay ◽

Dna Damage And Repair ◽

Swiss Albino Mice ◽

Albino Mice

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2,4-Dichlorophenol induces DNA damage through ROS accumulation and GSH depletion in goldfish Carassius auratus

Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis ◽

10.1002/em.22209 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 59 (9) ◽

pp. 798-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dejun Huang ◽

Xiaoning Zhang ◽

Chen Zhang ◽

Hui Li ◽

Dong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Carassius Auratus ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Ros Accumulation

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Toxicity of naphthalene in the Neotropical Fish Astyanax Lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae) and Geophagus Brasiliensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Evidência - Ciência e Biotecnologia ◽

10.18593/eba.v17i1.12976 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 7-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Geonildo Rodrigo Disner ◽

Sabrina Louise Moraes Calado ◽

Helena Cristina Silva Assis ◽

Marta Margarete Cestari

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Neotropical Fish ◽

Compensatory Response ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Geophagus Brasiliensis ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Gst Activity

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are one of the most important organic pollutants in environmental studies. The aim of this study was to assess the naphthalene acute toxicity in two fish species, Astyanax lacustris (LLcust, 1875) and Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824). The fish were exposed to naphthalene (0.005, 0.03, 0.3, and 3 mgL-1) in water and after that the piscine micronucleus test in erythrocytes, comet assay in blood, liver and gill cells, glutathione S–transferase (GST) activity in the liver, and accumulation of naphthalene in the bile were performed. The susceptibility of the two species was similar and naphthalene was not genotoxic in all tested tissues. The liver GST activity may have been responsible for less damage observed in the liver while the highest DNA damage occurred in blood cells. However, low concentrations of naphthalene in water can stimulate apparent benefits, such as less DNA damage, which would be a compensatory response to an imbalance of homeostasis. The naphthalene is absorbed and can accumulate in the gall bladder, a greater accumulation of PAH was observed in A. lacustris, while G. brasiliensis did not differ from the control. The naphthalene concentrations are not genotoxic to the tested species, although they can potentially accumulate into the body.Keywords: Comet assay. Ecotoxicology. Fish. Genotoxicity. Hormesis.

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Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Induced by Chromium in Liver and Kidney of Goldfish, Carassius auratus

Biomarker Insights ◽

10.4137/bmi.s11456 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. BMI.S11456 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Venkatramreddy Velma ◽

Paul B. Tchounwou

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Carassius Auratus ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽

Kidney Cells ◽

Surrounding Water ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Abundant Element

Chromium (Cr) is an abundant element in the Earth's crust. It exhibits various oxidation states, from divalent to hexavalent forms. Cr has diverse applications in various industrial processes and inadequate treatment of the industrial effluents leads to the contamination of the surrounding water resources. Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is the most toxic form, and its toxicity has been associated with oxidative stress. The present study was designed to investigate the toxic potential of Cr (VI) in fish. In this research, we investigated the role of oxidative stress in chromium-induced genotoxicity in the liver and kidney cells of goldfish, Carassius auratus. Goldfish were acclimatized to the laboratory conditions and exposed them to 5% and 10% of 96 hr-LC50 (85.7 mg/L) of aqueous Cr (VI) in a continuous flow through system. Fish were sampled every 7 days for a period of 28 days to analyze the lipid hydroperoxides (LHP) levels and genotoxic potentials in the liver and kidney. LHP levels were analyzed by spectrophotometry while genotoxicity was assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay. LHP levels in the liver increased significantly at week 1, followed by a decrease. LHP levels in the kidney increased significantly at weeks 1, 2, and 3, and decreased at week 4 compared to the control. The percentage of DNA damage increased in both liver and kidney at both test concentrations. The results clearly indicate that Cr (VI) induces significant levels of DNA damage in liver and kidney cells of goldfish. The induced LHP levels in both organs were concentration-dependent and were directly correlated with the levels of DNA damage. The two tested Cr (VI) concentrations induced significant levels of oxidative stress in both organs, however the kidney appears to be more vulnerable and sensitive to Cr-induced toxicity than the liver.

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Use of sensitive methods for detection of DNA damage on human lymphocytes exposed to p,p′-DDT: Comet assay and new criteria for scoring micronucleus test

Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B ◽

10.1080/03601230701465445 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 607-613 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Goran Gajski ◽

Sanda Ravlić ◽

Željka Capuder ◽

Vera Garaj-Vrhovac

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

New Criteria

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Comparative Genotoxicity of Cadmium and Lead in Earthworm Coelomocytes

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2011/218929 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ptumporn Muangphra ◽

Ravi Gooneratne

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Chromosomal Aberrations ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Single Strand ◽

Strand Breaks ◽

Binucleate Cells ◽

Single Strand Breaks ◽

Cadmium And Lead

To determine genotoxicity to coelomocytes,Pheretima peguanaearthworms were exposed in filter paper studies to cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) for 48 h, at concentrations less than the LC10—Cd: 0.09, 0.19, 0.38, 0.75, and 1.50 μg cm−2; Pb: 1.65, 3.29, 6.58, 13.16, and 26.32 μg cm−2. For Cd at 0.75 μg cm−2, in the micronucleus test (detects chromosomal aberrations), significant increases () in micronuclei and binucleate cells were observed, and in the comet assay (detects DNA single-strand breaks), tail DNA% was significantly increased. Lead was less toxic with minimal effects on DNA, but the binucleates were significantly increased by Pb at 3.29 μg cm−2. This study shows that Cd is more acutely toxic and sublethally genotoxic than Pb toP. peguana. Cadmium caused chromosomal aberrations and DNA single-strand breaks at 45% of the LC10concentration. Lead, in contrast, did not induce DNA damage but caused cytokinesis defects.

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