Insight into Cr(VI) biosorption onto algal-bacterial granular sludge: Cr(VI) bioreduction and its intracellular accumulation in addition to the effects of environmental factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 125479
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Yang ◽  
Ziwen Zhao ◽  
Guanghao Zhang ◽  
Shota Hirayama ◽  
Bach Van Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Insight Into

The Demonopathology of Impotence

1963 ◽  
Vol 109 (460) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Trethowan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
Caelius Aurelianus ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Medical Writings

So little consideration is given in early medical writings to sexual disorders, that it seems that these were, for many centuries, hardly regarded as the concern of the physician. There are a few exceptions. For example: Hippocrates (Airs, Waters, Places XVII-XXII) discussed the part played by constitutional and environmental factors in the causation of impotence among the Scythians. Later, Caelius Aurelianus, according to Zilboorg (1941), while expressing disgust at the debauchery which characterized Imperial Rome, seems to have recognized that sexual perversions were illnesses which, at times, were epidemic in character. Subsequently, and in particular during medieval times, problems of this nature seem to have had a moral rather than a medical connotation. Indeed it was not until towards the close of the nineteenth century that any real insight into the medico-psychological nature of sexual difficulties and deviations became apparent. This new awareness reached its peak following the investigations of Havelock Ellis, Freud, Stekel and others, and the formulation of certain psychoanalytic hypotheses.

scholarly journals Contribution of the Human Microbiome and Proteus mirabilis to Onset and Progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Potential for Targeted Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Kerpez ◽  
Marc Kesselman ◽  
Michelle Demory Beckler
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Shared Epitope ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Future Treatments ◽  
Insight Into

The human microbiome has been shown to play a role in the regulation of human health, behavior, and disease. Data suggests that microorganisms that co-evolved within humans have an enhanced ability to prevent the development of a large spectrum of immune-related disorders but may also lead to the onset of conditions when homeostasis is disrupted. In many conditions, a link between dysbiosis (microbial imbalance or microbiome upset) has been identified and associated with immune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This review provides insight into how an individual’s unique microbiome, combined with a genetic predisposition and environmental factors may lead to the onset and progression of RA. While research efforts have been largely focused on Porphyromonas gingivalis in the generation of citrullinated products as a trigger in the onset and progression of RA, recent research efforts have also indicated that Proteus mirabilis may play a key role in the development of anti-citrullinated antibodies through shared epitope sequences IRRET and ESRRAL. Thus, this review also highlights how targeting dysbiosis with alternative approaches may help to reduce microbial resistance as well as potentially improve outcomes. Further investigation is needed to see if potential future treatments for RA could benefit from personalized medicine based on an individual’s unique microbiome

scholarly journals A method for studying the metabolic activity of individual tardigrades by measuring oxygen uptake using micro-respirometry

2020 ◽  
pp. jeb.233072
Author(s):  
Bjarke H. Pedersen ◽  
Hans Malte ◽  
Hans Ramløv ◽  
Kai Finster
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Single Organism ◽  
Insight Into

Studies of tardigrade biology have been severely limited by the sparsity of appropriate quantitative techniques, informative on a single-organism level. Therefore, many studies rely on motility-based survival scoring and quantifying reproductive success. Measurements of O2 respiration rates, as an integrating expression of the metabolic activity of single tardigrades, would provide a more comprehensive insight into how an individual tardigrade is responding to specific environmental factors or changes in life stages. Here we present and validate a new method for determining the O2 respiration rate (nmol O2 mg−1 hour−1) of single tardigrades under steady state, using O2-microsensors. As an example, we show that the O2 respiration rate determined in MilliQ water for individuals of Richtersius coronifer and of Macrobiotus macrocalix at 22 °C was 10.8±1.8 nmol O2 mg−1 hour−1 and 13.1±2.3 nmol O2 mg−1 hour−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Intracellular Accumulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitors

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 3228-3235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saye H. Khoo ◽  
Patrick G. Hoggard ◽  
Ian Williams ◽  
E. Rhiannon Meaden ◽  
Philippa Newton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Plasma Drug Concentration ◽  
Drug Penetration ◽  
Plasma Drug ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACT Intracellular accumulation of the protease inhibitors (PIs) saquinavir (SQV), ritonavir (RTV), and indinavir (IDV) was determined in 50 human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. Following extraction, PIs were quantified by mass spectrometry. Paired plasma and intracellular samples were collected over a full dosing interval from patients (13 on SQV, 6 on RTV, 8 on IDV, 16 on SQV plus RTV, 7 on IDV plus RTV) with a plasma viral load of <400 copies/ml. Data were expressed as intracellular/plasma drug concentration ratios. A hierarchy of intracellular accumulation was demonstrated by the following medians: 9.45 for SQV > 1.00 for RTV > 0.51 for IDV. Coadministration of RTV did not boost ratios of SQV or IDV within the cell or in plasma, although absolute plasma and intracellular SQV concentrations were increased by RTV. Seven individuals receiving SQV in hard-gel capsule form (median, 32 months) had higher intracellular/plasma drug ratios than all other patients receiving SQV (median, 17.62 versus 4.83; P = 0.04), despite consistently low plasma SQV concentrations. How this occurs may provide insight into the mechanisms that limit adequate drug penetration into sanctuary sites.

Insight into the impact of ZnO nanoparticles on aerobic granular sludge under shock loading

Chemosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiulai He ◽  
Zhe Yuan ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Shilu Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into
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