Metabolomics insight into the influence of environmental factors in responses of freshwater biofilms to the model herbicide diuron

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Creusot ◽  
Betty Chaumet ◽  
Mélissa Eon ◽  
Nicolas Mazzella ◽  
Aurélie Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Freshwater Biofilms ◽  
Herbicide Diuron ◽  
Insight Into

The Demonopathology of Impotence

1963 ◽  
Vol 109 (460) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Trethowan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
Caelius Aurelianus ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Medical Writings

So little consideration is given in early medical writings to sexual disorders, that it seems that these were, for many centuries, hardly regarded as the concern of the physician. There are a few exceptions. For example: Hippocrates (Airs, Waters, Places XVII-XXII) discussed the part played by constitutional and environmental factors in the causation of impotence among the Scythians. Later, Caelius Aurelianus, according to Zilboorg (1941), while expressing disgust at the debauchery which characterized Imperial Rome, seems to have recognized that sexual perversions were illnesses which, at times, were epidemic in character. Subsequently, and in particular during medieval times, problems of this nature seem to have had a moral rather than a medical connotation. Indeed it was not until towards the close of the nineteenth century that any real insight into the medico-psychological nature of sexual difficulties and deviations became apparent. This new awareness reached its peak following the investigations of Havelock Ellis, Freud, Stekel and others, and the formulation of certain psychoanalytic hypotheses.

scholarly journals Contribution of the Human Microbiome and Proteus mirabilis to Onset and Progression of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Potential for Targeted Therapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Kerpez ◽  
Marc Kesselman ◽  
Michelle Demory Beckler
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Shared Epitope ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Future Treatments ◽  
Insight Into

The human microbiome has been shown to play a role in the regulation of human health, behavior, and disease. Data suggests that microorganisms that co-evolved within humans have an enhanced ability to prevent the development of a large spectrum of immune-related disorders but may also lead to the onset of conditions when homeostasis is disrupted. In many conditions, a link between dysbiosis (microbial imbalance or microbiome upset) has been identified and associated with immune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This review provides insight into how an individual’s unique microbiome, combined with a genetic predisposition and environmental factors may lead to the onset and progression of RA. While research efforts have been largely focused on Porphyromonas gingivalis in the generation of citrullinated products as a trigger in the onset and progression of RA, recent research efforts have also indicated that Proteus mirabilis may play a key role in the development of anti-citrullinated antibodies through shared epitope sequences IRRET and ESRRAL. Thus, this review also highlights how targeting dysbiosis with alternative approaches may help to reduce microbial resistance as well as potentially improve outcomes. Further investigation is needed to see if potential future treatments for RA could benefit from personalized medicine based on an individual’s unique microbiome

scholarly journals A method for studying the metabolic activity of individual tardigrades by measuring oxygen uptake using micro-respirometry

2020 ◽  
pp. jeb.233072
Author(s):  
Bjarke H. Pedersen ◽  
Hans Malte ◽  
Hans Ramløv ◽  
Kai Finster
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Single Organism ◽  
Insight Into

Studies of tardigrade biology have been severely limited by the sparsity of appropriate quantitative techniques, informative on a single-organism level. Therefore, many studies rely on motility-based survival scoring and quantifying reproductive success. Measurements of O2 respiration rates, as an integrating expression of the metabolic activity of single tardigrades, would provide a more comprehensive insight into how an individual tardigrade is responding to specific environmental factors or changes in life stages. Here we present and validate a new method for determining the O2 respiration rate (nmol O2 mg−1 hour−1) of single tardigrades under steady state, using O2-microsensors. As an example, we show that the O2 respiration rate determined in MilliQ water for individuals of Richtersius coronifer and of Macrobiotus macrocalix at 22 °C was 10.8±1.8 nmol O2 mg−1 hour−1 and 13.1±2.3 nmol O2 mg−1 hour−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Relating the unique sensory system of amblypygids to the ecology and behavior of Phrynus parvulus from Costa Rica (Arachnida, Amblypygi)

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen A Hebets
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Observational Data ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Movement Distance ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

While the unique sensory system and neuroanatomy of amblypygids suggest that olfaction is important in their lives, to date no behavioral data exist to support this suggestion. To gain insight into amblypygid ecology and behavior, an individual mark–recapture study was conducted on the Costa Rican amblypygid Phrynus parvulus. Within two 50 by 25 m plots, the distribution and movement patterns of individual amblypygids were recorded for over 2 months. A total of 88 adult individuals (60 males and 28 females) were marked, with an average 51% resighted. Females were resighted more frequently than males (75% females, 40% males). The sexes did not differ in their frequency or movement distance, but females were more likely to be seen on the same tree over time. While both sexes potentially wander in search of mates, females may also be searching for a good crevice, or diurnal hideout. Once a female has mated and laid eggs, she likely remains stationary. Movement patterns and tree choice seem to be dictated by both the presence of conspecifics and environmental factors such as tree surface area, moss cover, and the presence of buttressing. Cumulative observational data collected over 3 years suggest that the main breeding season for this species is October-January. Both mate attraction and navigation may be facilitated by the olfactory capabilities of amblypygids, while their giant interneurons may be involved in their foraging behavior.

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary insight into late Roman rural settlement on the northeastern Adriatic coast of Croatia: Island of Rab case study

2019 ◽  
pp. 433-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Welc ◽  
Ana Konestra ◽  
Anita Dugonjić ◽  
Paula Androić Gračanin ◽  
Kamil Rabiega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Late Roman

Results of multidisciplinary research conducted on the island of Rab (Northeastern Adriatic, Croatia) are presented with particular focus on late Roman rural settlements and their economic activities. The settlement in Podšilo bay, Lopar peninsula, is analyzed in more detail, providing evidence on a vibrant local community engaged in diversified craft activities and the exploitation of local land and marine resources. Along with the specificities of its layout and organization, this site also presents unique possibilities to study environmental factors that influenced its setup and economy, but also its demise, tentatively placed within the 6th century AD.

scholarly journals Summary of the IADR Cariology Research, Craniofacial Biology, and Mineralized Tissue Groups Symposium, Iguaçu Falls, Brazil, June 2012: Gene-environment Interactions and Epigenetics in Oral Diseases: Enamel Formation and its Clinical Impact on Tooth Defects, Caries, and Erosion

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Modesto ◽  
Ophir Klein ◽  
Livia M.A. Tenuta ◽  
Raquel F. Gerlach ◽  
Alexandre R. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Mineralized Tissue ◽  
Enamel Formation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Craniofacial Biology ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

Characteristics of enamel may influence or modulate individual susceptibility to caries and erosion. These characteristics are defined during development, which is under strict genetic control, but can easily be modified in many ways by environmental factors. In the symposium, translational aspects of embryology, biochemistry, and genetics of amelogenesis were presented. The symposium provided unique insight into how basic sciences integrate with clinically relevant problems. The need for improved understanding of risks at the individual level, taking into consideration both environmental exposures and genetic background, was presented. The symposium was divided into four stepwise and interconnected topics as follows:  1) The Many Faces of Enamel Development; 2) Enamel Pathogenesis: Biochemistry Lessons; 3) Environmental Factors on Enamel Formation; and, 4) Genetic Variation in Enamel Formation Genes.

scholarly journals Symbiotic Vs Commensal Networking: the Case of Textile SMEs in China and Russia

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Andrey Mikhailitchenko ◽  
Anna Sadovnikova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
International Business ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Business Studies ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Insight Into

The purpose of this research is to contribute to the literature addressing the characteristics of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) based on the sample drawn from two emerging economies – China and Russia. The study investigates the intensity and typology of networking activities that SMEs are involved in. The research contributes to the field by empirically investigating, testing, and putting into a unified framework the measurement tools required for identifying symbiotic and commensal types of SMEs’ networking interactions. It also provides an insight into attitudinal, managerial, cultural, and environmental factors that condition these two types of networking and influence SMEs’ willingness to globalize their operations and thus make their networks international. The overriding framework of the study can be stated as developing, validating and testing the symbiotic networking concept relatively to the international business studies. In this way, the study contributes to overcoming the criticism that network theory is not predictive by nature and is not testable.

scholarly journals The Network Theory of Psychiatric Disorders: A Critical Assessment of the Inclusion of Environmental Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina S. de Boer ◽  
Leon C. de Bruin ◽  
Jeroen J. G. Geurts ◽  
Gerrit Glas
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
Insight Into

Borsboom and colleagues have recently proposed a “network theory” of psychiatric disorders that conceptualizes psychiatric disorders as relatively stable networks of causally interacting symptoms. They have also claimed that the network theory should include non-symptom variables such as environmental factors. How are environmental factors incorporated in the network theory, and what kind of explanations of psychiatric disorders can such an “extended” network theory provide? The aim of this article is to critically examine what explanatory strategies the network theory that includes both symptoms and environmental factors can accommodate. We first analyze how proponents of the network theory conceptualize the relations between symptoms and between symptoms and environmental factors. Their claims suggest that the network theory could provide insight into the causal mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. We assess these claims in light of network analysis, Woodward’s interventionist theory, and mechanistic explanation, and show that they can only be satisfied with additional assumptions and requirements. Then, we examine their claim that network characteristics may explain the dynamics of psychiatric disorders by means of a topological explanatory strategy. We argue that the network theory could accommodate topological explanations of symptom networks, but we also point out that this poses some difficulties. Finally, we suggest that a multilayer network account of psychiatric disorders might allow for the integration of symptoms and non-symptom factors related to psychiatric disorders and could accommodate both causal/mechanistic and topological explanations.

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