scholarly journals Top research priorities in healthcare-associated infection in the UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wilson ◽  
K.S. Gurusamy ◽  
R. Morley ◽  
C. Whiting ◽  
B. Maeso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Priorities ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Healthcare Associated

scholarly journals Bed-days and costs associated with the inpatient burden of healthcare-associated infection in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Manoukian ◽  
S. Stewart ◽  
N. Graves ◽  
H. Mason ◽  
C. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Managing Infection

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqui Prieto ◽  
Martin Kiernan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Nursing Role ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Acute Hospitals ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
And Control

This chapter addresses the fundamental nursing role and responsibility of preventing the risk of infection in all healthcare settings. Every nurse should possess the knowledge and skills to assess the risk of infection, to select and implement evidence-based strategies to prevention infection, and to review the effectiveness of these to inform any necessary changes in care. Healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) is the term used to describe an infection that arises as a result of some exposure to healthcare. Unlike the more traditional terms ‘hospital-acquired’ or ‘nosocomial’ infection, this updated term encompasses the range of settings in which healthcare is delivered and from which infections may arise. In recent years, much of the attention on HCAIs has focused on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium difficile (C. difficile), both of which are closely monitored in acute hospitals and in England as part of a programme of mandatory surveillance (National Audit Office, 2009). It is important to recognize that HCAIs are caused by a wide variety of microorganisms, for example Escherichia coli (E. coli), which require equal attention in clinical practice. Because the principles of infection prevention are applicable to all causes of HCAIs, this chapter focuses on these underpinning principles rather than on specific microorganisms of concern. As a nurse, you have a fundamental responsibility for minimizing the risk of infection in all healthcare settings and in the patient’s own home by understanding and applying these principles in practice. HCAI is a significant problem in all healthcare settings, although much more is known about its prevalence and incidence in hospitals than in other healthcare environments. Prevalence of HCAI is the total number of cases that occur either at a particular time (point prevalence) or over a defined period of time (period prevalence). The UK prevalence surveys, conducted in 2006, estimated that, at any one time, approximately one in eight hospital inpatients has a HCAI (Smyth et al., 2008; Reilly et al., 2008). This figure is comparable with data from inpatient populations in other countries, with reported rates ranging between 3.5% and 9.5% (e.g. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2008; Gravel et al., 2007; Wu et al., 2005).

scholarly journals Pediatric research priorities in healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial stewardship

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Susan E. Coffin ◽  
Francisca Abanyie ◽  
Kristina Bryant ◽  
Joseph Cantey ◽  
Anthony Fiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Pediatric Research ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Topic Identification ◽  
Delphi Approach ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Objective: To develop a pediatric research agenda focused on pediatric healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial stewardship topics that will yield the highest impact on child health. Participants: The study included 26 geographically diverse adult and pediatric infectious diseases clinicians with expertise in healthcare-associated infection prevention and/or antimicrobial stewardship (topic identification and ranking of priorities), as well as members of the Division of Healthcare Quality and Promotion at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (topic identification). Methods: Using a modified Delphi approach, expert recommendations were generated through an iterative process for identifying pediatric research priorities in healthcare associated infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship. The multistep, 7-month process included a literature review, interactive teleconferences, web-based surveys, and 2 in-person meetings. Results: A final list of 12 high-priority research topics were generated in the 2 domains. High-priority healthcare-associated infection topics included judicious testing for Clostridioides difficile infection, chlorhexidine (CHG) bathing, measuring and preventing hospital-onset bloodstream infection rates, surgical site infection prevention, surveillance and prevention of multidrug resistant gram-negative rod infections. Antimicrobial stewardship topics included β-lactam allergy de-labeling, judicious use of perioperative antibiotics, intravenous to oral conversion of antimicrobial therapy, developing a patient-level “harm index” for antibiotic exposure, and benchmarking and or peer comparison of antibiotic use for common inpatient conditions. Conclusions: We identified 6 healthcare-associated infection topics and 6 antimicrobial stewardship topics as potentially high-impact targets for pediatric research.

The Sterility of Reusable Surgical Instruments with Pouches Packaging on One of the Private Hospital in Bandung

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurniawansyah I. S. ◽  
Mita S. R. ◽  
Najla E. ◽  
Nindayani E.
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Sterility Testing ◽  
Reusable Instruments ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Infection ◽  
Long Storage

Healthcare associated infection is one of the common infection that happens in Indonesia. One form control to prevent healthcare associated infection is the sterilization process of the materials and medical instruments that used for taking care of patients. At the private hospital whereas a place of research, there’s never been done the study of sterility test for reusable instrument with pouches, based on previous studies showed that 8 sets from 40 sets of reusable instrument with linen were not sterile moreover there were positively influence from the amount of time to the sterility of reusable instrument. The purpose of these studies was to determining the relationship between a long storage time and the sterility of reusable instruments with pouches. The method that used in this study was the sterility testing of reusable instrument with pouches which were stored in a central operations room storage with a long storage time of 1 and 2 months. From 30 reusable instruments with pouches which were stored for nine months there were 5 instruments were not sterile. The results of statistic analysis showed that the amount of storage time not significantly associated to the sterility of reusable instrument with pouches in the operating room central storage space.

Mycobacteriosis as a Healthcare-Associated Infection: A Review of Epidemiologic Studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
IV Petrov ◽  
TKh Amirova ◽  
LV Petrova ◽  
FS Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mycobacterial Infection ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are of great socio-economic importance and are characterized by a large number of different pathogens. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous microorganisms that can circulate in a medical organization. The purpose of this review of epidemiologic studies was to establish the main features of mycobacteriosis as a healthcare-associated infection, taking into account the significance of the results and the compliance of the reviewed studies with the criteria of evidence-based medicine. Methods: We did a key word search for “nontuberculous mycobacteria”, “healthcare-associated infections”, and “mycobacteriosis” in several electronic bibliographic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY, and ResearchGate and selected 127 out of 342 search results. Having analyzed the selected articles, we decided to include 34 of them in this study according to the topic of work. We established that nontuberculous mycobacteria can be found in various objects of health facilities, e.g. water supply systems, medical products and equipment. We also found that mycobacterial infection of nosocomial etiology could have various clinical manifestations (arthritis, keratitis, circulatory and skin diseases, etc.) determined by various aspects, such as heterogeneity of the group of nontuberculous mycobacteria, portals of entry (surgical procedures on various organs and systems of the human body, etc.), pathways of exposure and transmission factors. Resistance of nontuberculous mycobacteria to a number of disinfectants is a special question defining the importance of profound research in terms of ensuring sanitary and anti-epidemic (disinfection) safety within health facilities. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mycobacterial infection can be considered as a healthcare-associated infection requiring an in-depth assessment from various perspectives including a microbiological monitoring of medical objects, statistical accounting of nosocomial infections, and clinical alertness in the diagnosis of mycobacteriosis by attending physicians and bacteriologists, etc.

scholarly journals Common hand and wrist conditions: creation of UK research priorities defined by a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e044207
Author(s):  
Alexia Karantana ◽  
Tim Davis ◽  
Donna Kennedy ◽  
Debbie Larson ◽  
Dominic Furniss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Priority Setting ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Grant Applications ◽  
Charitable Organisation ◽  
James Lind Alliance ◽  
Treatment Uncertainties ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Priority Setting Partnership

ObjectivePrioritisation of important treatment uncertainties for ‘Common Conditions Affecting the Hand and Wrist’ via a UK-based James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership.SettingThis process was funded by a national charitable organisation and based in the UK.ParticipantsAnyone with experience of common conditions affecting the adult hand and wrist, including patients, carers and healthcare professionals. All treatment modalities delivered by a hand specialist, including therapists, surgeons or other allied professionals, were considered.InterventionsEstablished James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership methods were employed.Electronic and paper questionnaires identified potential uncertainties. These were subsequently confirmed using relevant, up-to-date systematic reviews. A final list of top 10 research uncertainties was developed via a face-to-face workshop with representation from patients and clinicians. Impact of research was sought by surveying hand clinicians electronically.Outcome measuresThe survey responses and prioritisation—both survey and workshop based.ResultsThere were 889 individually submitted questions from the initial survey, refined to 59 uncertainties across 32 themes. Eight additional uncertainties were added from published literature before prioritisation by 261 participants and the workshop allowed the final top 10 list to be finalised. The top 10 has so far contributed to the award of over £3.8 million of competitively awarded funding.ConclusionsThe Common Conditions in the Hand and Wrist Priority Setting Partnership identified important research questions and has allowed research funders to identify grant applications which are important to both patients and clinicians

scholarly journals Medicolegal Causation Investigation of Bacterial Endocarditis Associated with an Oral Surgery Practice Using the INFERENCE Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7530
Author(s):  
Putri Dianita Ika Meilia ◽  
Maurice P. Zeegers ◽  
Herkutanto ◽  
Michael D. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Bacterial Endocarditis ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control ◽  
Causation Analysis

Investigating causation is a primary goal in forensic/legal medicine, aiming to establish the connection between an unlawful/negligent act and an adverse outcome. In malpractice litigation involving a healthcare-associated infection due to a failure of infection prevention and control practices, the medicolegal causal analysis needs to quantify the individual causal probabilities to meet the evidentiary requirements of the court. In this paper, we present the investigation of the most probable cause of bacterial endocarditis in a patient who underwent an invasive procedure at a dental/oral surgical practice where an outbreak of bacterial endocarditis had already been identified by the state Department of Health. We assessed the probability that the patient’s endocarditis was part of the outbreak versus that it was an unrelated sporadic infection using the INFERENCE (Integration of Forensic Epidemiology and the Rigorous Evaluation of Causation Elements) approach to medicolegal causation analysis. This paper describes the step-by-step application of the INFERENCE approach to demonstrate its utility in quantifying the probability of causation. The use of INFERENCE provides the court with an evidence-based, transparent, and reliable guide to determine liability, causation, and damages.

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