A techno-economic framework for comparing conventionally and additively manufactured parts for geothermal applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 458-468
Author(s):  
Christopher Price ◽  
Kristina Armstrong ◽  
Yarom Polsky ◽  
Annie Wang ◽  
Sachin Nimbalkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Framework

Das nachhaltig verfügbare Holznutzungspotenzial im Schweizer Wald

2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruedi Taverna ◽  
Michael Gautschi ◽  
Peter Hofer
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Basic Scenario ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Forest Growth Model ◽  
New Findings

The sustainably available wood use potential in Swiss forests Based on the most recent simulations created using the Massimo forest growth model, the sustainably available wood use potential in Swiss forests was calculated for five management scenarios for the next three decades as well as for two additional time periods in the future (to monitor the long-term effects). The term “sustainably available wood use potential” covers those wood quantities that could be put on the market, taking into account socio-ecological and economic restrictions on use. The sustainably available wood use potential is provided for production regions, priority functions as well as the assortment and qualities of timber. The previously used factors of the applied “onion” model were checked and modified, if necessary, in order to take new findings and current cost developments into consideration. The calculations for all scenarios come up with a sustainably available wood use potential that is much lower than in earlier investigations. Depending on the scenario and decade, sustainably available wood use potential accounts for less than 50% of the total use potential. The biggest decrease in total use potential was due to economic framework conditions. Turning to Switzerland as a whole, towards the end of the investigation period (2106) those scenarios including a sharp increase in use in the first three decades result in a sustainably available wood use potential that is clearly lower than the reference value used at the beginning of the simulation. In the basic scenario (constant stock) and in the scenario in which the form of management used to date (increasing stock) was simulated, the sustainably available wood use potential at national level remained more or less the same throughout the simulation period, ranging from 5 to 6 million m3 per year.

Hutton Rises in the World

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Whyman
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Future Value

Hutton’s business success and social mobility are viewed in the context of Birmingham’s industrial development, a booming land market, the lack of government regulation, and the diversity of religious practice. This chapter reveals the economic framework that allowed Hutton to amass wealth. Once he settled in Birmingham, he found new ways to develop business skills and make money. Early failure stiffened his resolve, taught him lessons, and led him to focus on selling paper, instead of books. Convinced of the future value of land, he made risky speculations and accumulated large debts. A case study compares Hutton’s response to the Industrial Revolution with that of his sister, Catherine Perkins. Hutton devoted all his energies to making money and buying estates. His sister found greater happiness in her religious faith and charity. Their opposing views about land, trade, money, and religion reveal a spectrum of personal responses to rapid economic change.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality at Home—An Economic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1679
Author(s):  
Amy Dymond ◽  
Stuart Mealing ◽  
Jessica McMaster ◽  
Hayden Holmes ◽  
Lesley Owen
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Economic Modelling ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Extreme Risk ◽  
Intervention Cost

Background: People with respiratory conditions are susceptible to health problems caused by exposure to indoor air pollutants. An economic framework was developed to inform a guideline developed by National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) to estimate the required level of efficacy necessary for an intervention to be cost-saving in dwellings across England. Methods: An economic modelling framework was built to estimate the incremental costs pre- and post-implementation of interventions designed to reduce exposure to indoor air pollution within dwellings of varying building-related risk factors and profiles. The intervention cost was varied simultaneously with the relative reduction in symptomatic cases of each health condition to estimate the point at which an intervention may become cost-saving. Four health conditions were considered. Results: People living in dwellings with either an extreme risk profile or usable floor area <90 m2 have the greatest capacity to benefit and save National Health Service (NHS) costs from interventions at any given level of effectiveness and upfront cost. Conclusions: At any effectiveness level, the threshold for the upfront intervention cost to remain cost-saving is equivalent across the different home characteristics. The flexible model can be used to guide decision-making under a range of scenarios.

scholarly journals A Wife’s Separate Financial Arrangement in Contemporary Japan

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Ono ◽  
Ming-Ching Luoh
Keyword(s):  
Panel Study ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
The United States ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Transaction Cost Economic ◽  
Bank Account ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Cost Economic

This article tests the applicability of Treas’s transaction cost economic framework to contexts outside the allocation of bank accounts among married couples in the United States. Using the Japanese Panel Study of Consumer Life, the authors apply logistic regressions among Japanese couples who have joint accounts to predict (a) the chance that the wife has a separate bank account from the joint account and (b) the chance that she has an allowance. The results provide only partial support for the hypotheses based on Treas’s framework. Whereas Treas argues that the potential discontinuity of a marriage has a major influence on a couple’s separate financial arrangement, the study finds no evidence consistent with this argument. Although some of Treas’s hypotheses are well supported when predicting the chance that a Japanese wife has an allowance, the same hypotheses are not supported when predicting the chance that she has a separate bank account.

The euro - our future in Europe

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Christa Randzio-Plath
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Union ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Monetary ◽  
European Central ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Monetary Authorities ◽  
European Monetary Policy

Economic and Monetary Union has been created to complete the single market, to provide optimal macro-economic conditions for employment-enhancing growth and to promote further political integration in the European Union. Unfortunately in the discussion about monetary union the reasons why Europe needs EMU have been almost forgotten. As the future European Central Bank will be solely responsible for European monetary policy and thus be influencing strongly the overall macro-economic framework in Europe, the question of democratic accountability of monetary authorities needs to be debated. EMU is Europe's answer to the challenges of the 21 st century.

The cyclicality of bank regulation in a general economic framework

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (53) ◽  
pp. 5791-5804
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiu Lin ◽  
Len-Kuo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Bank Regulation ◽  
Economic Framework
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