Healthy Food Density is Not Associated With Diet Quality Among Pregnant Women With Overweight/Obesity in South Carolina

AbstractThe importance of overall diet in modifying circulating lipoprotein particles and fatty acids during pregnancy is unclear. We examined the relationships of diet quality as assessed by the validated Healthy Food Intake Index (HFII) with serum HDL, LDL and VLDL particle concentrations and sizes and proportions of serum fatty acids in pregnant women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Overall, 161 women with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 and/or a history of GDM were drawn from the Finnish Gestational Diabetes Prevention Study, which is a dietary and exercise intervention trial to prevent GDM. At baseline, the HFII score was inversely related to concentrations of HDL particles (P=0·010) and MUFA (P=0·010) and positively related to concentrations of n-3 (P<0·001) and n-6 (P=0·003) PUFA. The significance for MUFA disappeared after adjustments. An increase in the HFII score from the first to second trimester of pregnancy correlated with reduced VLDL particle size (r −0·16, 95 % CI −0·31, −0·01), decreased MUFA concentrations (r −0·17, 95 % CI −0·31, −0·01) and elevated n-6 PUFA concentrations (r 0·16, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·31). In the maximum-adjusted model, the results remained significant except for VLDL particle size. These findings suggest that higher diet quality as defined by the HFII is related to a more favourable serum fatty acid profile, whereas the relationship with serum lipoprotein profile is limited in pregnant women at increased GDM risk.

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Evaluation of diet quality and hyperemesis gravidarum in pregnant women according to income

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.01.015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 174-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stamatia-Maria Kontonika ◽

Maria G. Grammatikopoulou ◽

Xenophon Theodoridis ◽

Efrosyni Tsirou ◽

Konstantinos Gkiouras ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

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Diet quality and associations with choline intake in pregnant women in Bloemfontein, South Africa

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. S623

Author(s):

L. Robb ◽

G. Joubert ◽

M. Jordaan ◽

L. van den Berg ◽

J. Osei Ngounda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Choline Intake

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Targeting the perinatal diet to modulate the gut microbiota increases dietary variety and prebiotic and probiotic food intakes: results from a randomised controlled trial

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980020003511 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Samantha L Dawson ◽

Mohammadreza Mohebbi ◽

Jeffrey M Craig ◽

Phillip Dawson ◽

Gerard Clarke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Dietary Variety ◽

Probiotic Food ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the hypothesis that a perinatal educational dietary intervention focused on ‘eating for the gut microbiota’ improves diet quality of pregnant women pre- and postnatally. Design: The Healthy Parents, Healthy Kids study is a prospectively registered randomised controlled trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a dietary intervention in altering the maternal and infant gut microbiota and improving perinatal diet quality. Eligible pregnant women were randomised to receive dietary advice from their healthcare provider or to additionally receive a three session dietary intervention. Dietary data were collected at gestation weeks 26, 31, 36 and postnatal week 4. Outcome measures were diet quality, dietary variety, prebiotic and probiotic food intakes, energy, fibre, saturated fat and discretionary food intakes. Between-group differential changes from baseline before and after birth in these dietary measures were assessed using generalised estimating equations. Setting: Melbourne, Australia. Participants: Healthy pregnant women from gestation week 26. Results: Forty-five women were randomised (twenty-two control, twenty-three intervention). Compared with the control group, the intervention group improved diet quality prior to birth (5·66 (95 % CI 1·65, 9·67), Cohen’s d: 0·82 (se 0·33)). The intervention improved dietary variety (1·05 (95 % CI 0·17, 1·94), d: 0·66 (se 0·32)) and increased intakes of prebiotic (0·8 (95 % CI 0·27, 1·33), d: 0·91 (se 0·33)) and probiotic foods (1·05 (95 % CI 0·57, 1·53), d: 1·3(se 0·35)) over the whole study period compared with the control group. Conclusion: A dietary intervention focused on ‘eating for the gut microbiota’ can improve aspects of perinatal diet quality during and after pregnancy.

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Maternal Diet and the Serum Metabolome in Pregnancy: Robust Dietary Biomarkers Generalizable to a Multiethnic Birth Cohort

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa144 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Russell J de Souza ◽

Meera Shanmuganathan ◽

Amel Lamri ◽

Stephanie A Atkinson ◽

Allan Becker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Hippuric Acid ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Metabolites ◽

Dietary Biomarkers ◽

Specific Serum

ABSTRACT Background Advances in metabolomics are anticipated to decipher associations between dietary exposures and health. Replication biomarker studies in different populations are critical to demonstrate generalizability. Objectives To identify and validate robust serum metabolites associated with diet quality and specific foods in a multiethnic cohort of pregnant women. Design In this cross-sectional analysis of 3 multiethnic Canadian birth cohorts, we collected semiquantitative FFQ and serum data from 900 women at the second trimester of pregnancy. We calculated a diet quality score (DQS), defined as daily servings of “healthy” minus “unhealthy” foods. Serum metabolomics was performed by multisegment injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry, and specific serum metabolites associated with maternal DQSs were identified. We combined the results across all 3 cohorts using meta-analysis to classify robust dietary biomarkers (r > ± 0.1; P < 0.05). Results Diet quality was higher in the South Asian birth cohort (mean DQS = 7.1) than the 2 white Caucasian birth cohorts (mean DQS <3.2). Sixty-six metabolites were detected with high frequency (>75%) and adequate precision (CV <30%), and 47 were common to all cohorts. Hippuric acid was positively associated with healthy diet score in all cohorts, and with the overall DQS only in the primarily white Caucasian cohorts. We observed robust correlations between: 1) proline betaine—citrus foods; 2) 3-methylhistidine—red meat, chicken, and eggs; 3) hippuric acid—fruits and vegetables; 4) trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)—seafood, meat, and eggs; and 5) tryptophan betaine—nuts/legumes. Conclusions Specific serum metabolites reflect intake of citrus fruit/juice, vegetables, animal foods, and nuts/legumes in pregnant women independent of ethnicity, fasting status, and delays to storage across multiple collection centers. Robust biomarkers of overall diet quality varied by cohort. Proline betaine, 3-methylhistidine, hippuric acid, TMAO, and tryptophan betaine were robust dietary biomarkers for investigations of maternal nutrition in diverse populations.

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Racial/Ethnic Differences in Diet Quality and Eating Habits Among WIC Pregnant Women: Implications for Policy and Practice

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117119883584 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 169-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alla M. Hill ◽

Danielle L. Nunnery ◽

Alice Ammerman ◽

Jigna M. Dharod

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

African American Women ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Low Income ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

American Women

Purpose: One of the major federal food assistance programs, the Special Supplemental Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), serves approximately 1.5 million low-income pregnant women per year; however, limited information is available on their dietary habits. This is critical because low-income women are at higher risk of gaining excess weight during pregnancy. Thus, the study objectives were to (1) determine the overall diet quality of WIC pregnant women and (2) examine diet quality and eating behaviors by race/ethnicity and other sociodemographics. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Setting: One of the 3 WIC offices in a north-central county in North Carolina, USA. Sample: Pregnant women (n = 198) in the second trimester. Measures: Interviews included sociodemographics, food security, diet, and eating behaviors. Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010 scores. Analysis: Descriptives, bivariate analysis, and multivariate analysis. Results: Average participant age was 26 years, and the mean HEI-2010 score was 56 of maximum score of 100. Specifically, African American women consumed significantly lower servings of whole grains (β = −1.71; 95% CI: −3.10 to −0.32; P < .05) and dairy (β = −1.42; 95% CI: −2.51 to −0.33; P < .05) compared with non-Hispanic white women. Hispanic women scored higher in daily intake of fruits (β = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.17-1.79; P < .05) and for consuming empty calories in moderation (β = 1.57; 95% CI: 0.06-3.09; P < .05). Frequency of intake of fast foods/outside meals was higher among African American women (57%, P = .025). Conclusion: Efforts are warranted to promote optimal nutrition among WIC pregnant women. Specifically, African American women are highly vulnerable to poor dietary habits during pregnancy. Further investigation of barriers/facilitators for healthy eating is necessary to address nutrition disparities among WIC pregnant women.

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Examination of Prenatal Dietary Choline Intake, and Maternal and Infant Outcomes

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_065 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 993-993

Author(s):

Rosemary Gatliff ◽

Joshua Phelps ◽

Christi Arthur ◽

Aline Andres

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Food Records ◽

Choline Intake ◽

Infant Birth ◽

Dietary Choline ◽

Maternal Bmi

Abstract Objectives The objectives of this study were to explore associations between maternal dietary choline intake and diet quality, maternal body mass index (BMI), and infant birth weight. Methods De-identified secondary data from 251 participants in a study involving pregnant women were analyzed to investigate associations between maternal dietary choline intake and infant birth weight; maternal dietary choline intake and 2015 Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores; as well as 2015 HEI scores and maternal BMI. HEI scores were calculated from 3-day food records obtained during gestation (<10, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 weeks). Overall dietary choline intake during pregnancy was computed from all food records. Spearman's rank-order correlations, a one-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test, and a mixed linear model were used to test the hypotheses. Results There was a statistically significant correlation between maternal choline intake and the 1st trimester and 3rd trimester 2015-HEI scores (rs(207) = 0.204, P = 0.003 and rs(207) = 0.249, P = 0.00028, respectively). Median intake of dietary choline, 267 milligrams, was significantly lower (P < 0.0005) than the adequate Intake for pregnant women (450 milligrams). There were trends (0.05 < P < 0.1) pointing to a pattern of negative association between maternal BMI and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester 2015-HEI scores. Mixed model analysis revealed a statistically significant negative correlation (β = −0.001, P = 0.010) between maternal choline intake and infant birth weight. Conclusions As dietary choline increased, there was an associative decrease in birthweight; however, overall diet quality was poor and dietary choline intake was significantly lower than the recommended intake for pregnant women. These findings reflect the current body of evidence that pregnant women are at risk for choline inadequacy and that overall diet quality may help in preventing low choline intake during pregnancy. Funding Sources USDA-ARS Project.

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Comparison of Diet Quality for Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women

New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Advances Pure and Applied Sciences ◽

10.18844/gjapas.v0i8.2827 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 129-134

Author(s):

Hande Nur Onur

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Foetal Development ◽

Dietary Recall ◽

Child Bearing

A woman’s nutritional status prior to and during pregnancy affects foetal development, the course of the pregnancy and her long-term health. This study aims to determine the diets of pregnant and non-pregnant women using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010). The study was performed on 43 non-pregnant and 25 pregnant volunteers, who had no chronic diseases, took no diet treatments and had a mean age of 23.0 ± 30.1 years. Their general features were determined through a questionnaire, dietary intake was measured by 24-hour dietary recall method, diet quality was assessed by HEI-2010 and energy and nutrient intake was calculated by the Nutrition Information System programme. The diet quality of 60.3% of the participants was found to be poor, while 39.7% was average. Although pregnant women had a slightly higher HEI-2010 score, the diet quality was low for all; hence, dieticians should provide nutrition education for all child-bearing aged women. Keywords: Diet quality, healthy eating index, pregnancy nutrition.

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