Acute myelitis resembling human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy presenting as high-signal-intensity long cord lesions on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images combined with lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 450-452
Author(s):  
Yuko Wada ◽  
Yo Nishimura ◽  
Misa Ishihara ◽  
Kimio Hashimoto ◽  
Norihiro Takenouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Adult T Cell Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoma Type

scholarly journals Diagnosis of pericardial cysts: Significance of cardiac magnetic resonance and literature review

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Maksimovic ◽  
P.M. Seferovic ◽  
A.D. Ristic ◽  
T.L. Stosic-Opincal ◽  
M. Kratovac-Dunjic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Pericardial Cyst ◽  
Spin Echo Sequence ◽  
Pericardial Cysts

Pericardial cysts are uncommon and caused by an incomplete coalescence of fetal lacunae forming the pericardium. The paper presents two cases of pericardial cyst and literature review. The first is a case of a female patient with progressive dispnoa and spherical mass located in the right cardiophrenic angle on a chest x-ray. A pericardial cyst with low signal intensity was noted on T1w, high signal intensity on T2w in TSE (turbo spin echo) sequence on magnetic resonance images (MRI) which was suggestive of serous content. The patient underwent pericardial puncture and was thereafter free of symptoms. Histological study of the cyst confirmed hydatid cyst diagnosis. Another patient is with echocardiographic evidence of cystic formation which was confirmed on MRI, with high signal intensity on SSFP (steady state free precession) sequence. The cyst was without septa and without communication with pericardial space. Since there were no significant hemodynamic changes, the patient is on regular follow up.

scholarly journals Transactivation of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) gene by human T lymphotropic virus type 1 tax: a potential mechanism for the increased production of TGF-beta 1 in adult T cell leukemia.

1990 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Kim ◽  
J H Kehrl ◽  
J Burton ◽  
C L Tendler ◽  
K T Jeang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Adult T Cell Leukemia ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

We examined the effect of the human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I) Tax gene product on the human transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) promoter. Transfection of deleted constructs of the TGF-beta 1 promoter revealed regions homologous with AP-1 binding sites that were required for Tax-induced transactivation of the TGF-beta 1 promoter. In addition, we examined the expression and secretion of TGF-beta in fresh leukemic cells isolated from patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and in HTLV-1-infected T cell lines. We report that fresh leukemic cells from ATL patients constitutively produce high levels of TGF-beta 1 mRNA and secrete TGF-beta 1 but not TGF-beta 2 into the culture medium. In addition, long-term ATL cell lines expressed significant amounts of TGF-beta 1 mRNA as well as detectable levels of TGF-beta 1 protein. These results suggest a role for Tax in the upregulation of TGF-beta 1 in HTLV-I-infected cells.

scholarly journals A vaginal fibroepithelial stromal polyp: a case report with magnetic resonance images

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Ogura ◽  
Mieko Inagaki ◽  
Ritsuko Yasuda ◽  
Shigeki Yoshida ◽  
Tetsuo Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumour ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Vaginal Mass ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Images ◽  
Tissue Tumour

A fibroepithelial stromal polyp is a benign soft tissue tumour that can occur in the vagina, vulva and uterine cervix. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings have been reported in patients with vulvar fibroepithelial stromal polyps, not in those with vaginal polyps. We present MRI findings of vaginal fibroepithelial stromal polyp in a postmenopausal female. A 1 to 2 cm firm vaginal mass arising from the left side of the vaginal wall with hypointense signal changes on T1W MRI was identified. A well-defined vaginal mass (1 cm diameter) was detected with inhomogeneous signal intensity on T2W images. However, a major portion had high signal intensity on diffusion-weighted images. A benign vaginal lesion with oedematous changes or myxoid degeneration was suspected. Vaginal resection was performed, and fibroepithelial stromal polyp was pathologically diagnosed. MRI may be a useful non-invasive modality for preoperatively diagnosing vaginal fibroepithelial stromal polyps.

Case Report: HTLV-1–Induced Adult T-Cell Leukemia and Tropical Spastic Paresis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reece Rosenthal ◽  
Julika Kaplan ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed ◽  
Martha Mims ◽  
Jill E. Weatherhead
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
T Cell Leukemia ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Lower Extremity Weakness ◽  
T Lymphotropic Virus ◽  
Adult T Cell Leukemia ◽  
Spastic Paresis

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus endemic in many areas around the world. HTLV-1 can induce the development of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) or myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). We report a patient who presented to our outpatient clinic with massive splenomegaly, weight loss, urinary retention, and lower extremity weakness for the previous 3 years. The patient was found to have positive HTLV-1 by ELISA and Western blot from peripheral blood. Evaluation of the spleen demonstrated T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia consistent with ATL. In addition to progressive lower extremity weakness, hyperreflexia and clonus, cerebral spinal fluid was positive for HTLV-1 by ELISA and had a reversed CD4-to-CD8 ratio consistent with HAM/TSP. These findings suggest HTLV-1 induced ATL and HAM/TSP presenting simultaneously in the same patient.

scholarly journals Radiographic Outcomes of Immobilization using Boston Brace for Pediatric Spondylolysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 145749691989699
Author(s):  
E. Virkki ◽  
M. Holstila ◽  
K. Mattila ◽  
O. Pajulo ◽  
I. Helenius
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Healing Rate ◽  
High Signal Intensity ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Bony Union ◽  
Union Rate ◽  
Boston Brace

Background and Aims: Spondylolysis is a common cause of lower back pain during youth. The aim of this study is to report the bony union rate and risk factors for non-union of the lumbar spondylolysis of pediatric patients treated with a rigid thoracolumbosacral orthosis (Boston brace). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 68 children (mean age = 13.9 years) treated for spondylolysis with a thoracolumbosacral orthosis. Patient charts and imaging studies were evaluated to identify the bony union rate of the spondylolysis after a minimum of 3 months of immobilization (mean = 4.2 months). Laterality, grade, level, and presence of high signal intensity in the magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated as prognostic factors. Results: Sixty-eight patients presented with 110 defects. Of them, 46 (42%) were incomplete fractures, 38 (35%) complete fractures, and 26 (24%) pseudoarthrosis. Of these defects, 38 (82.6%), 11 (28.9%), and 0 (0.0%) had bony union at the end of the treatment (p < 0.001). Unilateral defects healed significantly better than bilateral ones (relative risk = 1.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.16–2.54, 17/26 (65%) vs 32/84 (38%), p = 0.014). High signal intensity in the magnetic resonance images before the treatment predicted healing (relative risk = 13.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.93–91.01, 48/87 (55%) vs 1/24 (4.3%), p < 0.001). The level of the spondylolysis (L5 vs above L5) did not affect the healing rate. Conclusion: The union rates of spondylolysis with a thoracolumbosacral orthosis were similar as compared to earlier studies done with a low thoracolumbosacral orthosis. The grade of the defect, laterality, and presence of high signal intensity increased the probability of bony union. A high thoracolumbosacral orthosis (underarm) does not seem to improve the healing rate of pediatric spondylolysis defects.

Lysability of arterial thrombi assessed by magnetic resonance imaging

VASA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kozak ◽  
Mikac ◽  
Blinc ◽  
Sersa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gradient Echo ◽  
Catheter Directed Thrombolysis ◽  
Improve Patient Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Improve Patient

Background: Intravascular thrombi change in time due to retraction and organization, which is reflected in the appearance of magnetic resonance images of clots. We have hypothesized that MRI has the potential to improve patient selection for thrombolytic treatment. The aim of our study was to analyze occlusive arterial thrombi with MRI, and to correlate the MRI parameters with the therapeutic outcome in patients with occlusive atherothrombotic disease of the superficial femoral artery who were treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis by streptokinase. Patients and methods: We included 13 patients with subacute (2 weeks to 3 months old) occlusive arterial thrombi and 4 patients with chronic (more than 6 months old) arterial occlusions. We measured the MRI signal intensity on gradient echo images of 98 axial slices of the subacute occlusive thrombi and in 45 slices of 4 chronic thrombi. Following MRI, the patients with subacute history were treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis. Results: Thrombolysis was successful in 11/13 patients. The normalized MRI signal intensity was significantly higher in the unsuccessfully treated thrombi than in the successfully treated thrombi (1.10 ± 0.08 vs. 0.72 ± 0.17, p < 0.003), but the subacute and chronic thrombi did not differ in signal intensity. Conclusions: High signal intensity of arterial thrombi on gradient echo MRI might predict resistance to thrombolytic therapy.

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