scholarly journals Determining risk factors of developing adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs in epileptic patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 405 ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
S. Mrabet ◽  
K. Moalla ◽  
A. Nasri ◽  
I. Kacem ◽  
M. Djebara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Epileptic Patients

scholarly journals Efficacy Study of Folic Acid Supplementation on Homocysteine Levels in Adolescent Epileptics Taking Antiepileptic Drugs: A Single Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Uma A. Bhosale ◽  
Radha Yegnanarayan ◽  
Akhil Agrawal ◽  
Ashwini Patil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Chronic Medical Condition ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Epileptic Patients

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic medical condition that requires long-term therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, long-term employment of AEDs may lead to the onset of hyperhomocysteinemia, which has been found to modulate imperative metabolic mechanisms and induce cardiovascular disorders (CVDs). Therefore, adolescent population that have been diagnosed with epilepsy and utilize AEDs are among the most vulnerable, exhibiting higher risks of developing CVDs. Purpose: The present study was designed to explore the effects of folic acid (FA) supplementation on AED-induced hyperhomocysteinemia and CVD risk factors in adolescent epileptics. Methods: The randomized clinical trial included adolescent epileptics (i.e., 10–19 years of age) of either sex, on antiepileptic therapy for > 6 months with high homocysteine levels (i.e., >10.9 µmol/L). At the time of enrolment, their baseline BP, lipid and homocysteine levels were recorded. Participants were randomly assigned to either treatment or placebo groups and received the respective treatments. At the end of the first month, BP, lipid and homocysteine levels were recorded and compared to determine the effect of FA on these parameters. Results and conclusion: A significant fall in homocysteine levels was observed with FA supplementation ( P < 0.05). However, this fall was significantly high in valproic acid treated epileptic patients. In addition, we observed an improvement in high-density lipoprotein levels, a risk factor for CVDs, but the change was statistically insignificant ( P > 0.05). The study results suggest that FA supplementation in epileptic patients receiving AED therapy may minimize AED-induced hyperhomocysteinemia and other CVD risk factors.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs in intractable epileptic patients

Seizure ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi ◽  
Mansoureh Togha ◽  
Sohrab Hashemi Fesharaki ◽  
Masoumeh Najafi ◽  
Nahid Beladi Moghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Epileptic Patients

scholarly journals Optimal therapy of epilepsy by measuring serum concentration of antiepileptic drugs with least adverse effects

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Jovicevic ◽  
Vera Diklic-Jeremic ◽  
Ivana Divjak ◽  
Marija Zarkov ◽  
Aleksandar Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Drug Dosage ◽  
Optimal Therapy ◽  
Clinical Centre ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Novi Sad

The study comprised 150 epileptic patients treated at the Institute of Neurology of the Clinical Centre Novi Sad. The optimal therapy with least adverse effects and seizures was achieved in patients in whom measurement of serum concentration of antiepileptic drugs was performed. Patients were divided into five groups with respect to the therapy they received: I - carbamazepine; II - valproic acid; III - polytherapy with phenobarbitone and diphenylhydantoin; IV - phenobarbitone and valproic acid; and V - phenobarbitone, valproic acid and carbamazepine. No adverse effects were recorded in over 60% of patients on monotherapy, 35% of patients who received two anticonvulsants, and 30% of patients who received three anticonvulsants. Significant correlation between drug dosage and blood drug concentration (r>0.5) was found in polytherapy with phenobarbitone, carbamazepine and valproic acid (r=0,66); and phenobarbitone and diphenylhydantoin (r=0,53).

scholarly journals Pharmacovigilance in epileptic patients using antiepileptic drugs

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 (2a) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Afonso Mei ◽  
Maria Augusta Montenegro ◽  
Marilisa M. Guerreiro ◽  
Carlos A.M. Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Probable Depression

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence of adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs (AED) in chronic epileptic patients in mono or polytherapy. METHOD: We evaluated consecutive patients that met the following inclusion criteria: age of 18 years or older, diagnosis of epilepsy for at least one year, stable dose of AED for at least three months. Patients were asked if they had any adverse event related to the AED. After that, they were interviewed according to a detailed semi-structure questionnaire. We also assessed specifically the adverse events in the last four weeks. The data were analyzed regarding the use of monotherapy x polytherapy, and the presence of probable depression (score >15) according to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. RESULTS: Sixty-five patients were evaluated, 35 women, mean age 38.3 years; 35 patients were in use of monotherapy and 35 in polytherapy. Only 45 (69.2%) patients spontaneously reported adverse effects. After the formal questionnaire, 63 (97%) patients referred experiencing an adverse event (p<0.001). Seventeen men had adverse events, as opposed to 28 women (p=0.042). When the last four weeks were evaluated, patients with probable depression presented adverse events more frequently (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that adverse events are highly prevalent when a detailed questionnaire is applied and that depression may aggravate the number and intensity of side effects in patients using AEDs.

Statin-induced adverse effects – facts and genes

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Mariann Harangi ◽  
Noémi Zsíros ◽  
Lilla Juhász ◽  
György Paragh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Single Nucleotide

Statin therapy is considered to be safe and rarely associated with serious adverse events. However, a significant proportion of patients on statin therapy show some degree of intolerance which can lead to decreased adherence to statin therapy. The authors summarize the symptoms, signs and frequencies of the most common statin-induced adverse effects and their most important risk factors including some single nucleotide polymorphisms and gene mutations. Also, they review the available approaches to detect and manage the statin-intolerant patients. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 83–92.

Overview of Lamotrigine and the New Antiepileptic Drugs: The Challenge

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S48-S52 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Pellock
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Adjunctive Therapy ◽  
Dose Titration ◽  
Childhood Epilepsy ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
New Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Titration Schedule

Lamotrigine, like all antiepileptic drugs, can be effective when used as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy. In general, adverse effects are reduced when monotherapy is employed. The most frequent adverse effect prompting withdrawal of lamotrigine is rash. This potentially life-threatening adverse effect occurs more frequently in children, is increased when a rapid dose titration schedule is employed, and is greater when lamotrigine is prescribed in combination with valproate. The availability of lamotrigine and other antiepileptic drugs represents a major advance for the treatment of childhood epilepsy. The challenge in using all of the new antiepileptic drugs, including lamotrigine, is to balance the expected improved efficacy with the potentially serious adverse effects. (J Child Neurol 1997;12(Suppl 1):S48-S52).

Trends in prescribing patterns of antiepileptic drugs among older adult inpatients in a Brazilian tertiary center

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Telma ASSIS ◽  
Aroldo BACELLAR ◽  
Luan CÔRTES ◽  
Silas SANTANA ◽  
Gersonita COSTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Convulsive Status Epilepticus ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Symptomatic Seizures ◽  
Acute Symptomatic Seizures

ABSTRACT Background: Data on prescribing patterns of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) to older adult inpatients are limited. Objective: To assess changes in prescribing patterns of AEDs to older adult inpatients with late-onset epilepsy between 2009-2010 and 2015-2019, and to interpret any unexpected patterns over the 2015-2019 period. Methods: Patients aged ≥60 years with late-onset epilepsy from a tertiary center were selected. Demographic data, seizure characteristics and etiology, comorbidities, and comedications were analyzed, in addition to prescription regimens of inpatients taking AEDs to treat epilepsy. AED regimens were categorized into two groups: group 1 included appropriate AEDs (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, valproic acid, gabapentin, clobazam, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, topiramate, and lacosamide); and group 2 comprised suboptimal AEDs (phenytoin and phenobarbital). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for prescription of suboptimal AEDs. Results: 134 patients were included in the study (mean age: 77.2±9.6 years). A significant reduction in the prescription of suboptimal AEDs (from 73.3 to 51.5%; p<0.001) was found; however, phenytoin remained the most commonly prescribed AED to older adult inpatients. We also found an increase in the prescription of lamotrigine (from 5.5 to 33.6%) and levetiracetam (from 0 to 29.1%) over time. Convulsive status epilepticus (SE) and acute symptomatic seizures associated with remote and progressive etiologies were risk factors for the prescription of suboptimal AEDs. Conclusions: Phenytoin was the main suboptimal AED prescribed in our population, and convulsive SE and acute symptomatic seizures associated with some etiologies were independent risk factors for phenytoin prescription. These results suggest ongoing commitment to reducing the prescription of suboptimal AEDs, particularly phenytoin in Brazilian emergence rooms.

Elucidating the Potential Side Effects of Current Anti- Seizure Drugs for Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enes Akyüz ◽  
Mohd. Farooq Shaikh ◽  
Betül Köklü ◽  
Cansu Ozenen ◽  
Alina Arulsamy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
First Line ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Visual Problems ◽  
Gaba Transmission

: Over the decades, various interventions have been developed and utilized to treat epilepsy. However, majority of epileptic patients are often first prescribed with anti-epileptic drugs (AED), now known as anti-seizure drugs (ASD), as a first line of defense to suppress their seizures and regain their quality of life. ASDs exert their anti-convulsant effects through various mechanisms of action including regulation of ion channels, blocking of glutamate-mediated stimulating neurotransmitter interaction, and enhancing the inhibitory GABA transmission. About one third of epileptic patients are often resistant to anti-convulsant drugs, while others develop numerous side effects which may lead to treatment discontinuation and further deterioration of quality of life. Common side effects of ASDs include headache, nausea and dizziness. However, more adverse effects such as auditory and visual problems, skin problems, liver dysfunction, pancreatitis and kidney disorders may also be witnessed. Some ASDs may even result in life-threatening conditions as well as serious abnormalities, especially in patients with comorbidities and in pregnant women. Nevertheless, some clinicians had observed a reduction in the development of side effects post individualized ASD treatment. This suggest that a careful and well-informed ASD recommendation to patients may be crucial for an effective and side-effect free control of their seizures. Therefore, this review aimed to elucidate the anticonvulsant effects of ASDs as well as their side effect profile, by discussing their mechanism of action and reported adverse effects based on clinical and preclinical studies, thereby providing clinicians with a greater understanding of the safety of current ASDs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document