Trabecular structure and composition analysis of human autogenous bone donor sites using micro-computed tomography

Abstract—The type material on which the fossil genus name Ampelocissites was established in 1929 has been reexamined with the aid of X-ray micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scanning and compared with seeds of extant taxa to assess the relationships of these fossils within the grape family, Vitaceae. The specimens were collected from a sandstone of late Paleocene or early Eocene age. Although originally inferred by Berry to be intermediate in morphology between Ampelocissus and Vitis, the newly revealed details of seed morphology indicate that these seeds represent instead the Ampelopsis clade. Digital cross sections show that the seed coat maintains its thickness over the external surfaces, but diminishes quickly in the ventral infolds. This feature, along with the elliptical chalaza and lack of an apical groove, indicate that Ampelocissites lytlensis Berry probably represents Ampelopsis or Nekemias (rather than Ampelocissus or Vitis) and that the generic name Ampelocissites may be useful for fossil seeds with morphology consistent with the Ampelopsis clade that lack sufficient characters to specify placement within one of these extant genera.

Download Full-text

Faculty Opinions recommendation of A detailed comparative study of high-resolution ultrasound and micro-computed tomography for detection of arthritic bone erosions.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.10849956.11772056 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Link ◽

Janina Patsch

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Bone Erosions

Download Full-text

INVESTIGATION OF AUBRITES THROUGH INTEGRATION OF 3D MODAL MINERALOGY WITH X-RAY MICRO-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND GEOCHEMISTRY

10.1130/abs/2018am-317290 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Zoë E. Wilbur ◽

◽

Arya Udry ◽

Daniel M. Coleff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

X Ray

Download Full-text

Micro-Computed Tomography Analysis of Subchondral Bone Regeneration Using Osteochondral Scaffolds in an Ovine Condyle Model

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11030891 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 891

Author(s):

Taylor Flaherty ◽

Maryam Tamaddon ◽

Chaozong Liu

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Subchondral Bone ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Bone Volume ◽

Osteochondral Defects ◽

Micro Ct ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Trabecular Thickness ◽

Osteochondral Scaffold

Osteochondral scaffold technology has emerged as a promising therapy for repairing osteochondral defects. Recent research suggests that seeding osteochondral scaffolds with bone marrow concentrate (BMC) may enhance tissue regeneration. To examine this hypothesis, this study examined subchondral bone regeneration in scaffolds with and without BMC. Ovine stifle condyle models were used for the in vivo study. Two scaffold systems (8 mm diameter and 10 mm thick) with and without BMC were implanted into the femoral condyle, and the tissues were retrieved after six months. The retrieved femoral condyles (with scaffold in) were examined using micro-computed tomography scans (micro-CT), and the micro-CT data were further analysed by ImageJ with respect to trabecular thickness, bone volume to total volume ratio (BV/TV) ratio, and degree of anisotropy of bone. Statistical analysis compared bone regeneration between scaffold groups and sub-set regions. These results were mostly insignificant (p < 0.05), with the exception of bone volume to total volume ratio when comparing scaffold composition and sub-set region. Additional trends in the data were observed. These results suggest that the scaffold composition and addition of BMC did not significantly affect bone regeneration in osteochondral defects after six months. However, this research provides data which may guide the development of future treatments.

Download Full-text

Bone quality and quantity of the mandibular symphyseal region in autogenous bone grafting using cone-beam computed tomography: a cross-sectional study

Head & Face Medicine ◽

10.1186/s13005-021-00282-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yaser Safi ◽

Reza Amid ◽

Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh ◽

Hamed Mortazavi ◽

Mohamad Payam Sharifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Autogenous Bone ◽

Loop Length ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Anterior Loop ◽

Bone Graft Harvesting

Abstract Background Bone volume plays a pivotal role in the success of dental implant treatment. Autogenous bone grafts should be harvested from reliable sites in the maxillofacial region. This study sought to assess the quantity and quality of bone in the mandibular symphysis for autogenous bone graft harvesting using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated the CBCT scans of 78 adults presenting to three oral and maxillofacial radiology centers. The vertical (VD) and horizontal (HD) alveolar bone dimensions, cortical thickness (CT), and cancellous to cortical bone ratio (C/C) were measured in the interforaminal region of the mandible at the sites of central incisor to first premolar teeth. The interforaminal distance (ID) and the anterior loop length were also measured. Nonparametric statistical tests were used to analyze the data with respect to sex, age, and tooth position. Results The median VD, HD, and CT of the symphysis were 20.21 (3.26), 4.13 (0.37), and 2.25 (0.23) mm, respectively. The median C/C was 1.51 (0.11). The median ID was 52.24 (8.24) mm, and the median anterior loop length was 1.82 (1.06) mm. Significant differences were observed in all parameters among different teeth. Most of the measured parameters were greater in males compared with females. There were significant differences in ID, VD, and CT between different age groups. Conclusions The quantity and quality of the available bone in the mandibular symphysis for bone graft harvesting vary by gender, age, and harvesting site, necessitating careful preoperative evaluation.

Download Full-text