Effect of citric acid versus ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on radiographic root development in regenerative endodontic treatment: An animal study

AbstractThe main objective of endodontic treatment is to remove vital and necrotic remnants of pulp tissue and microorganisms and their toxic products from the root canal. During chemo-mechanical endodontic preparation, a smear layer is formed on the wall of the canals. Due to an inability to remove all tissue remnants and the smear layer from the root canal by mechanical instrumentation, it is necessary to use irrigation to ensure sufficient cleaning and disinfection of the largest part of the root canalicular system. The most commonly used irrigants are sodium hypochlorite (Na-OCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid and chlorhexidine (CHX). Recently, the irrigants QMix and MTAD have been introduced to the market. They are a mixture of different components having antimicrobial, organolytic and mineralytic effects on canal detritus and the smear layer. This review article investigates irrigants in terms of the nature of their effect, their efficiency, optimal concentration, and method of use, and the interactions between the irrigants most commonly used in endodontic therapy are discussed, with special emphasis on QMix and MTAD.

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Clinical, Radiographic, and Histologic Outcome of Regenerative Endodontic Treatment in Human Teeth Using a Novel Collagen-hydroxyapatite Scaffold

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2018.10.012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 136-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ali Nosrat ◽

Alireza Kolahdouzan ◽

Amir Hossein Khatibi ◽

Prashant Verma ◽

Davoud Jamshidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endodontic Treatment ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Hydroxyapatite Scaffold ◽

Regenerative Endodontic Treatment

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Mobility of Chelated Radionuclides in Engineered Concrete Barriers

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-294-279 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 294 ◽

Author(s):

Craig A. Dicke ◽

Robert W. Smith

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Chelating Agents ◽

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽

Cobalt Complexes ◽

Alkaline Ph ◽

Pore Fluids ◽

Concrete Barriers ◽

Equilibrium Speciation ◽

Low Level Radioactive Waste

ABSTRACTConcrete is a major component in many low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal facilities. The use of concrete is widespread because of its physical and structural properties and because it provides geochemical control on metal and radionuclide releases. Organic compounds are often disposed with radionuclides in LLW disposal facilities. Interactions between radionuclides and chelating agents must be evaluated to estimate mobility of radionuclides in concrete vaults. This paper quantifies the effects of two common organic components [citric acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)] on radionuclide mobility in concrete barriers by using equilibrium geochemical calculations.Equilibrium speciation calculations indicate that some radionuclides are chelated in groundwater (pH 7) but are destabilized in the highly alkaline (pH 13) concrete pore fluids. Radionuclides complexed by EDTA and citrate are replaced by calcium in the concrete pore fluids. In addition, the citrate nuclide complex reacts to form uncomplexed citrate in concrete pore fluids. The chemical performance of concrete LLW disposal facilities should not be compromised by small amounts of chelating agents disposed with some radionuclides. However, EDTA may form significant nickel and cobalt complexes above the pH important in the long-term service life of concrete barriers.

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