scholarly journals Panel data unit roots tests: The role of serial correlation and the time dimension

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan De Wachter ◽  
Richard D.F. Harris ◽  
Elias Tzavalis
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Serial Correlation ◽  
Unit Roots ◽  
Time Dimension

scholarly journals Up to No Good? Gender, Social Impact Work, and Employee Promotions

2021 ◽  
pp. 000183922110206
Author(s):  
Christiane Bode ◽  
Michelle Rogan ◽  
Jasjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Gender Beliefs ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Male Gender Role ◽  
Promotion Rates ◽  
Vignette Experiment

Firms increasingly offer employees the opportunity to participate in firm-sponsored social impact initiatives expected to benefit the firm and employees. We argue that participation in such initiatives hinders employees’ advancement in their firms by reducing others’ perceptions of their fit and commitment. Because social impact work is more congruent with female than male gender role stereotypes, promotion rates will be lower for participating men, and male evaluators will be less likely than female evaluators to recommend promotion for male participants. Using panel data on 1,379 employees of a consulting firm, we find significantly lower promotion rates for male participants relative to female participants, female non-participants, and male non-participants. A vignette experiment involving 893 managers shows that lower promotion rates are due to lower perceptions of fit, but not commitment, and greater bias against male participants by male evaluators. Taken together, the results of the two studies suggest that the negative effect of participation on promotion is conditional upon participant and evaluator gender, underscoring the role of gender in evaluation of social impact work. In settings in which decision makers are predominately male, gender beliefs may limit male employees’ latitude to contribute to the firm’s social impact agenda.

The Effect of Rural Poverty on Access to Land in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522097106
Author(s):  
Kassie Dessie Nigussie ◽  
Assefa Admassie ◽  
M. K. Jayamohan
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Rental Market ◽  
Tobit Models ◽  
Significance Levels ◽  
Poverty Status

Land ownership and its persistent gap between rich and poor is one of the pressing development challenges in Africa. Access to land has fundamental implications for a poor and agrarian African economy like Ethiopia, where most people depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Empirical literatures suggest that access to land is a cause and effect of poverty—at the same time, the role of poverty status of the household in gaining or limiting access to land has received only a passing attention from researchers. This study investigates the effect of ‘being poor’ on access to land using ordered probit and censored tobit models. Three wave panel data of Ethiopian Rural Socioeconomic Survey (ERSS) collected between 2011–12 and 2015–16 are used for the analysis. The study result confirms that poverty does have significant effect on household’s participation and intensity of participation on both sides of the rental market. It is found that being poor, as compared to non-poor counterpart, leads to an increase in the likelihood of rent-in land by 0.068 hectare and reduce the likelihood of rent-out land by 0.046 hectare at 1% and 5% significance levels, respectively. The tenants are not characterised as economically disadvantaged reflecting the existence of reverse tenancy among rural poor in Ethiopia.

Investment decisions and the role of debt, liquid assets and cash flow: evidence from Italian panel data

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzio Galeotti ◽  
Fabio Schiantarelli ◽  
Fidel Jaramillo
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Investment Decisions

Can foreign aid free the press?

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
NABAMITA DUTTA ◽  
CLAUDIA R. WILLIAMSON
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Mean

AbstractCan foreign aid help free the press? Aid may boost press freedom by incentivizing government to reduce media regulations and provide financial support for infrastructure. Alternatively, foreign aid may prevent press freedom by expanding the role of the state and promoting government over private enterprises. We contend that the magnitude of foreign aid's influence is conditional on the existence of democratic checks. Using panel data from 1994 to 2010, we find evidence suggesting that aid significantly increases press freedom in democracies but insignificantly relates to press freedom in autocracies. Collectively, the results suggest that a standard deviation increase in aid to a country at the mean level of democracy increases press freedom by approximately a 1/20th standard deviation. Overall, the findings suggest that donors should be cautious as most aid recipients are not democratic and aid leads to only relatively small marginal improvements in press freedom.

scholarly journals The implications for bank risk posed by the bail-in amendments to the ranking of unsecured senior debt instruments in insolvency hierarchy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Laurence Jones ◽  
Enrico Geretto ◽  
Maurizio Polato ◽  
Giulio Velliscig
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Asset Class ◽  
European Banks

Given the scarce empirical research supporting the branch of literature investigating the shortcomings of the bail-in regime (Hadjiemmanuil, 2015; Walther & White, 2020; Tröger, 2020), this paper offers a contribution in this regard investigating the implications for bank risk posed by the amendments to the unsecured senior debt asset class required to enhance the bail-in regime. To this purpose, we use a sample of 46 banks distributed over 17 European countries over the period of Q1 2010–Q4 2019. We thus run a fixed effect panel data regression over the entire period and also over the subperiods before and after the start of the overhaul of the unsecured senior debt asset class. Our main result points out the significant role of unsecured senior debt in explaining bank’s risk after the start of the amendments campaign which allowed this asset class to serve the enhancement of the bail-in regime. We attribute this result to the uncertain gone-concern loss-absorbing capacity of unsecured senior debt and its material cost exacerbated by the bail-in buffer shortfall of many European banks. Our result pique policymakers’ attention to the side-effects of the amendments to the bail-in regime and further guide bank managers’ decisions about regulatory funding strategies.

scholarly journals Nexus Between Energy Policy and Environmental Performance in China: The Moderating Role of Renewable Energy Patents.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ghazanfar Abbas ◽  
Wang Zhuquan ◽  
Shahid Bashir ◽  
Wasim Iqbal ◽  
Hafeez Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Double Threshold

Abstract The socioeconomic and environmental considerations of energy production have become crucial due to the increasing complexity of the relationship between energy and the environment. In this context, this study aims to develop possible mechanisms for perspectives of energy policy on environmental by exploring the mediating role of renewable energy patents. The study used a non-radial data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and panel data model for 30 Chinese provinces by taking the panel data from 2010 to 2017. The results show that the overall environmental performance index (EPI) of Chinese areas is improved by 9.88% from 2010 to 2017. Further, The econometric model findings offer evidence that provincial renewable energy policies and emission reduction policies positively impact the enhancement of EPI. The results also show that the P values of the single-threshold model and the double-threshold model both passed the 1% significance test, so it can be concluded that there is a double-threshold effect. Finally, the research findings posed several policy implications based on the research findings.

Wagner’s Law, Public Employment, and Spanish Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-198
Author(s):  
Manuel Jaén-García
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Unit Roots ◽  
Public Employment ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Standard Tool ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Following Peacock and Musgrave’s rediscovery of Wagner’s Law, the latter became a standard tool used in research on the relationship between growth of public spending and the factors by which it is influenced. However, conventional empirical tests are based on a specification error related to Wagner’s definition of the public sector, which he considered in its totality, including public companies. The present article attempts to correct this error and obtain an approximation to the size of the public sector by considering public employment as a whole, both in public administrations and services and in public companies. To this end, panel data for the Spanish autonomous regions are used in addition to data for the overall public sector. The empirical test is performed utilizing cointegration techniques and unit roots in panel data. Similarly, the possibility of structural breaks in the data is taken into consideration and they are estimated using fictitious variables. JEL classifications: H11; H50; E62 Keywords: public employment; gross domestic product; unit root; cointegration; panel data

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