Histological analysis of carotid plaques: The predictors of stroke risk

2022 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 106262
Author(s):  
Norbert Svoboda ◽  
Richard Voldřich ◽  
Václav Mandys ◽  
Tomas Hrbáč ◽  
Petra Kešnerová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Carotid Plaques

scholarly journals Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: A cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhenwen Zhang ◽  
Binlan Xia ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Hengzhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. This study aims to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke.Methods: A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013-2014. The subjects with a high risk of stroke were further selected (at least three of eight risk factors including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking, lack of exercise, overweight, and family history of stroke) or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke history. Carotid ultrasonography was then performed on the high stroke risk participants. Carotid plaque was defined as a focal carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) ≥1.5 cm or a discrete structure protruding into the arterial lumen at least 50% of the surrounding cIMT. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques.Results: Overall, 839 subjects with a high risk of stroke were ultimately included in the analysis, and carotid plaques were identified in 341 (40.6%) of them. Participants in the highest non-HDLc/HDLc tertile group presented a higher proportion of carotid plaques than did those in the other two groups. After adjustment for other confounders, each unit increase in the non-HDLc/HDLc was significantly associated with carotid plaques (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28-1.88). In the subgroup analysis, the non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques in most subgroups. Additionally, the non-HDLc/HDLc interacted significantly with three stratification variables, including sex (OR 1.31 for males vs. OR 2.37 for females, P interaction = 0.016), exercise (OR 1.18 for subjects without lack of exercise vs. OR 1.99 for subjects with lack of exercise, P interaction = 0.004) and heart diseases (OR 1.40 for subjects without heart diseases vs. OR 3.12 for subjects with heart diseases, P interaction = 0.033). Conclusion: The non-HDLc/HDLc was positively associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a Chinese high stroke risk population. A prospective study or randomized clinical trial of lipid-lowering therapy in the Chinese population is needed to evaluate their causal relationship.

scholarly journals Prediction of Stroke Risk by Detection of Hemorrhage in Carotid Plaques

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schindler ◽  
Regina Schinner ◽  
Nishaf Altaf ◽  
Akram A. Hosseini ◽  
Richard J. Simpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Carotid Plaques

scholarly journals Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: A cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhenwen Zhang ◽  
Binlan Xia ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Hengzhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. This study aims to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke.Methods: A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013-2014. The subjects with a high risk of stroke were further selected (at least three of eight risk factors including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking, lack of exercise, overweight, and family history of stroke) or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke history. Carotid ultrasonography was then performed on the high stroke risk participants. Carotid plaque was defined as a focal carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) ≥1.5 cm or a discrete structure protruding into the arterial lumen at least 50% of the surrounding cIMT. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques.Results: Overall, 839 subjects with a high risk of stroke were ultimately included in the analysis, and carotid plaques were identified in 341 (40.6%) of them. Participants in the highest non-HDLc/HDLc tertile group presented a higher proportion of carotid plaques than did those in the other two groups. After adjustment for other confounders, each unit increase in the non-HDLc/HDLc was significantly associated with carotid plaques (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28-1.88). In the subgroup analysis, the non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques in most subgroups. Additionally, the non-HDLc/HDLc interacted significantly with three stratification variables, including sex (OR 1.31 for males versus OR 2.37 for females, P interaction = 0.016), exercise (OR 1.18 for subjects without lack of exercise versus OR 1.99 for subjects with lack of exercise, P interaction = 0.004) and heart diseases (OR 1.40 for subjects without heart diseases versus OR 3.12 for subjects with heart diseases, P interaction = 0.033). Conclusion: The non-HDLc/HDLc was positively associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a Chinese high stroke risk population. A prospective study or randomized clinical trial of lipid-lowering therapy in the Chinese population is needed to evaluate their causal relationship.

scholarly journals Relationship between dyslipidemia and carotid plaques in a high-stroke-risk population in Shandong Province, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e00610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Te Mi ◽  
Shangwen Sun ◽  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
Yaser Carcora ◽  
Yifeng Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Carotid Plaques

Imaging biomarkers of vulnerable carotid plaques for stroke risk prediction and their potential clinical implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Saba ◽  
Tobias Saam ◽  
H Rolf Jäger ◽  
Chun Yuan ◽  
Thomas S Hatsukami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Carotid Plaques

scholarly journals Relationship between dyslipidemia and carotid plaques in a high‐stroke‐risk population in Shandong Province, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Te Mi ◽  
Shangwen Sun ◽  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
Yaser Carora ◽  
Yifeng Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Carotid Plaques

scholarly journals Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: a cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhenwen Zhang ◽  
Binlan Xia ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Hengzhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. We aimed to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke. Methods A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013–2014. The subjects with a high risk of stroke were further selected (at least three of eight risk factors including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking, lack of exercise, overweight, and family history of stroke) or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke history. Carotid ultrasonography was then performed on the high stroke risk participants. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques. Results Overall, 839 subjects with a high risk of stroke were ultimately included in the analysis, and carotid plaques were identified in 341 (40.6%) of them. Participants in the highest non-HDLc/HDLc tertile group presented a higher proportion of carotid plaques than did those in the other two groups. After adjustment for other confounders, each unit increase in the non-HDLc/HDLc was significantly associated with carotid plaques (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28–1.88). In the subgroup analysis, the non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques in most subgroups. Additionally, the non-HDLc/HDLc interacted significantly with three stratification variables, including sex (OR 1.31 for males versus OR 2.37 for females, P interaction = 0.016), exercise (OR 1.18 for subjects without lack of exercise versus OR 1.99 for subjects with lack of exercise, P interaction = 0.004) and heart diseases (OR 1.40 for subjects without heart diseases versus OR 3.12 for subjects with heart diseases, P interaction = 0.033). Conclusion The non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and consistently associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a Chinese high stroke risk population.

Abstract 126: Are Carotid Plaques With Intraplaque Hemorrhage Different in Plaque Size, Distribution and Shear Stress?

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid A Kassar ◽  
Lambert Speelman ◽  
Anouk van Dijk ◽  
Mariana Selwaness ◽  
Merih Cibis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Intraplaque Hemorrhage ◽  
Minor Stroke ◽  
Plaque Size ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Carotid Bulb

Introduction: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is associated with risk at ischemic stroke. In addition, plaques that contain IPH show accelerated plaque growth, which might affect the local shear stress (SS) distribution over the plaque. Blood flow induced SS is known to be involved in the development and destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. It is unknown whether the SS distribution over plaques with IPH differs from plaques without IPH and whether SS is involved in plaque progression/destabilization of plaques with IPH. We compared the plaque size, distribution and SS over plaques with and without IPH in symptomatic patients. Methods: 38 patients with a recent (<3 months) TIA or minor stroke of the PARISK (Plaque At Risk) study and with carotid artery stenosis 2 mm were selected for analysis. To calculate local SS, the lumen contours were used in FIDAP, a CFD software package. The mean and maximum shear stress at the plaque was normalized to the average shear stress in the common carotid artery (NSSmean, NSSmax). The NSSmean and NSSmax were compared for plaques with and without IPH. Results: In 75 carotid arteries plaque was observed (99%). The 29 plaques (39%) that contained IPH were longer (17±5 vs 11±6 mm, p<0.05) and located more proximal in the carotid bulb than plaques without IPH. Symptomatic vessels contained more often IPH (76%) than plaques from asymptomatic arteries (23%). Plaques that contained IPH in symptomatic arteries were not different in length (17±4 mm) compared to plaques with IPH in asymptomatic arteries (16±5 mm). In 18 symptomatic vessels the SS could be calculated. The NSSmean did not differ for plaques with or without IPH (0.98±0.35 vs 0.75±0.40), whereas the NSSmax for plaques with IPH was 2x higher than for plaques without IPH (1.32 ±0.35 vs 3.06±1.45, p<0.05). Conclusion: Carotid plaques that contain IPH are longer, located more proximal in the carotid bulb and exposed to higher SS than plaques without IPH. IPH determines the plaque length, which was not influenced by the presence or absence of symptoms. Since IPH is associated with stroke risk, the higher SS and larger plaque size potentially contribute to this increased stroke risk.

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