scholarly journals The effect of mild whole-body cold stress on isometric force control during hand grip and key pinch tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 102537
Author(s):  
Julie Renberg ◽  
Øystein Nordrum Wiggen ◽  
Juha Oksa ◽  
Kristine Blomvik Dyb ◽  
Randi Eidsmo Reinertsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hand Grip

Altered isometric force control during object release in patients with Huntington's Disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (S 4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Kirsten ◽  
S Bohlen ◽  
J Sommer ◽  
T Merl ◽  
P Saemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Isometric Force

Acute cold stress in rheumatoid arthritis inadequately activates stress responses and induces an increase of interleukin 6

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Straub ◽  
G Pongratz ◽  
H Hirvonen ◽  
T Pohjolainen ◽  
M Mikkelsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cold Therapy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sympathetic Stress

Objective:Acute stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) should stimulate a strong stress response. After cryotherapy, we expected to observe an increase of hormones of the adrenal gland and the sympathetic nervous system.Methods:A total of 55 patients with RA were recruited for whole-body cryotherapy at −110°C and −60°C, and local cold therapy between −20°C and −30°C for 7 days. We measured plasma levels of steroid hormones, neuropeptide Y (sympathetic marker), and interleukin (IL)6 daily before and after cryotherapy.Results:In both therapy groups with/without glucocorticoids (GC), hormone and IL6 levels at baseline and 5 h after cold stress did not change over 7 days of cryotherapy. In patients without GC, plasma levels of cortisol and androstenedione were highest after −110°C cold stress followed by −60°C or local cold stress. The opposite was found in patients under GC therapy, in whom, unexpectedly, −110°C cold stress elicited the smallest responses. In patients without GC, adrenal cortisol production increased relative to other adrenal steroids, and again the opposite was seen under GC therapy with a loss of cortisol and an increase of dehydroepiandrosterone. Importantly, there was no sympathetic stress response in both groups. Patients without GC and −110°C cold stress demonstrated higher plasma IL6 compared to the other treatment groups (not observed under GC), but they showed the best clinical response.Conclusions:We detected an inadequate stress response in patients with GC. It is further shown that the sympathetic stress response was inadequate in patients with/without GC. Paradoxically, plasma levels of IL6 increased under strong cold stress in patients without GC. These findings confirm dysfunctional stress axes in RA.

Timing and Force Control Deficits in Clumsy Children

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Lundy-Ekman ◽  
Richard Ivry ◽  
Steven Keele ◽  
Marjorie Woollacott
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Movement Timing ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
Perceptual Timing ◽  
Assessment Procedures

This study investigated the link between cognitive processes and neural structures involved in motor control. Children identified as clumsy through clinical assessment procedures were tested on tasks involving movement timing, perceptual timing, and force control. The clumsy children were divided into two groups: those with soft neurological signs associated with cerebellar dysfunction and those with soft neurological signs associated with dysfunction of the basal ganglia. A control group of age-matched children who did not exhibit evidence of clumsiness or soft neurological signs was also tested. The results showed a double dissociation between the two groups of clumsy children and the tests of timing and force. Clumsy children with cerebellar signs were more variable when attempting to tap a series of equal intervals. They were also more variable on the time perception task, indicating a deficit in motor and perceptual timing. The clumsy children with basal ganglia signs were unimpaired on the timing tasks. However, they were more variable in controlling the amplitude of isometric force pulses. These results support the hypothesis that the control of time and force are separate components of coordination and that these computations are dependent on different neural systems.

scholarly journals Effects of aging on motor control strategies during bimanual isometric force control

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Yan Jin ◽  
JiWon Seong ◽  
YoungChae Cho ◽  
BumChul Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Force Variability ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Force Accuracy

Aging-induced degeneration of the neuromuscular system would result in deteriorated complex muscle force coordination and difficulty in executing daily activities that require both hands. The aim of this study was to provide a basic description of how aging and dual-task activity would affect the motor control strategy during bimanual isometric force control in healthy adults. In total, 17 young adults (aged 25.1 ± 2.4 years) and 14 older adults (aged 72.6 ± 3.4 years) participated in the study. The subjects were instructed to press both hands simultaneously to match the 1 Hz sine curve force under two conditions (with or without calculation) with continuous visual feedback. Differences in bimanual motor synergy, bimanual coordination, force accuracy, force variability, and calculation speed were compared. This study found that the specific motor control strategy of older adults involved a decreased bimanual force control ability with both increased VUCM and VORT, and was not influenced by dual tasking. These findings might have implications for establishing interventions for aging-induced hand force control deficits.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of sympathetic restraint in human skeletal muscle during exercise: role of α-adrenergic and nonadrenergic mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (1) ◽  
pp. H192-H202
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Hansen ◽  
Gilbert Moralez ◽  
Steven A. Romero ◽  
Christopher Gasho ◽  
Michael M. Tymko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cycle Exercise ◽  
Vascular Conductance ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Vasodilatory Response ◽  
Sympathetic Vasoconstriction ◽  
Exercise Induced

Sympathetic restraint of vascular conductance to inactive skeletal muscle is critical to maintain blood pressure during moderate- to high-intensity whole body exercise. This investigation shows that cycle exercise-induced restraint of inactive skeletal muscle vascular conductance occurs primarily because of activation of α-adrenergic receptors. Furthermore, exercise-induced vasoconstriction restrains the subsequent vasodilatory response to hand-grip exercise; however, the restraint of active skeletal muscle vasodilation was in part due to nonadrenergic mechanisms. We conclude that α-adrenergic receptors are the primary but not exclusive mechanism by which sympathetic vasoconstriction restrains blood flow in humans during whole body exercise and that metabolic activity modulates the contribution of α-adrenergic receptors.

scholarly journals Criterion-Related Validity of a Simple Muscle Strength Test to Assess Whole Body Muscle Strength in Chinese Children Aged 10 to 12 Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqin Yin ◽  
Changfa Tang ◽  
Xia Tao
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Back Muscle ◽  
Back Muscle Strength ◽  
Body Muscle ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Leg Muscle

Objective. To study the criterion-related validity of simple muscle strength test (SMST) indicators and assess whole body muscle strength in Chinese children aged 10 to 12 years old.Methods. Two hundred and forty children were equally divided into four groups in different genders and residences. The SMST indicators (hand-grip, knee bent push-up, back muscle strength, sit-up, leg muscle strength, and standing long jump) were tested. We set up the total level of the whole-body muscle strength (Ftotal) through testing isokinetic muscle strength of the six joints’ flexion and extension movements. Pearson correlation analyses were used to analyze the correlation between the SMST indicators and theFtotal.Results.(1)Leg muscle strength and back muscle strength demonstrated the highest validity scores. Sit-ups, hand grip, and standing long jump demonstrated the lowest validity scores.(2)Leg muscle strength had the highest validity for males, but back muscle strength had the highest validity for females.Conclusions. Back muscle strength and leg muscle strength can give the highest validity of assessing whole body muscle strength, and also has higher validity in both the urban and rural children. For urban children, but not rural, the knee bent push-up also has a high validity indicator.

scholarly journals Measurement of Muscle Strength in Haemodialysis Patients by Pinch and Hand Grip Strength and Comparison to Lean Body Mass Measured by Multifrequency Bio-Electrical Impedance

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukie Omichi ◽  
Methavee Srivareerat ◽  
Kwanpeemai Panorchan ◽  
George H.B. Greenhall ◽  
Sanjana Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Segmental Body ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Venous Fistula

Background: Muscle weakness is a risk factor for mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients; we wished to determine whether measuring the composition of the arm with bioimpedance was associated with arm muscle strength. Methods: We measured pinch strength (PS) and hand grip strength (HGS) in 250 adult HD patients with corresponding post-dialysis multifrequency bioelectrical assessments with segmental body analysis. Results: Mean age 64.0 ± 15.6, 66% male and 45.6% diabetic. The maximum HGS in the dominant or non-fistula arm was 18.9 ± 9.2 kg and PS 4.09 ± 1.96 kg respectively, with a correlation of r = 0.80, p < 0.001. HGS was associated with body cell mass (β 0.37, p < 0.001) and PS with appendicular muscle mass (β 0.06, p < 0.001). Both HGS and PS were independently associated with the ratio of extracellular water (ECW) to total body water (TBW); β -139.5, p = 0.024, β -44.8, p < 0.001 in the arm. The presence of an arterio-venous fistula increased the ECW/TBW ratio in the arm from 0.383 ± 0.009 to 0.390 ± 0.012, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Muscle strength measured by HGS and PS was associated with both markers of whole body and segmental body composition within the arm, particularly ECW/TBW. Bioimpedance measurements and assessment of muscle strength should be measured in the non-fistula arm.

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