scholarly journals Assessing simulation run time requirements to achieve stabilized absolute and incremental cost effectiveness results in type 2 diabetes: a study using the ims core diabetes model

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. A252
Author(s):  
V. Foos ◽  
D. Grant ◽  
P. McEwan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Diabetes Model ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Run Time

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mafalda Ramos ◽  
Peng Men ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Anastasia Ustyugova ◽  
Mark Lamotte
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Treatment Comparison

Abstract Background In several cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs), empagliflozin (SGLT-2 inhibitor), sitagliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) and liraglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist) + standard of care (SoC) were compared to SoC in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study assessed the cost-effectiveness (CE) of empagliflozin + SoC in comparison to sitagliptin + SoC and liraglutide + SoC based on the respective CVOT. Methods The IQVIA Core Diabetes Model (CDM) was calibrated to reproduce the CVOT outcomes. EMPA-REG OUTCOME baseline characteristics and CVOT specific treatment effects on risk factors for cardiovascular disease (HbA1c, BMI, blood pressure, lipids) were applied. Three-year observed cardiovascular events of empagliflozin + SoC versus sitagliptin + SoC and liraglutide + SoC were derived from EMPA-REG OUTCOME and an indirect treatment comparison. Relative risk adjustments to calibrate the CDM were obtained after a trial and error process to match as closely the observed and CDM-predicted outcomes. The drug-specific treatment effects were considered up until HbA1c reached 8.5% and treatment switch occurred. After this switch, the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 82 risk equations predicted events based on co-existing risk factors and treatment intensification to basal bolus insulin were applied. The analysis was conducted from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system applying 3% discounting. The time horizon was lifelong. Results Empagliflozin + SoC provides additional Quality Adjusted Life years (QALY + 0.564) for an incremental cost of 42,497RMB (US$6053) compared to sitagliptin + SoC, resulting in an Incremental Cost Utility Ratio of 75,349RMB (US$10,732), thus below the willingness-to-pay threshold of 212,676RMB, corresponding to three times the Gross Domestic Product in China (2019). Compared to liraglutide + SoC, empagliflozin + SoC use leads to 0.211QALY gained and cost savings of 71,427RMB (US$10,173) and is as such dominant. Scenario and probabilistic sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of the results. Conclusion Results suggest that empagliflozin + SoC is cost-effective compared to sitagliptin + SoC and liraglutide + SoC at a willingness-to-pay threshold of 212,676RMB ($30,292)/QALY.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Mobile-Based Intervention for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Yabing Hou ◽  
Liming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Usual Care Group ◽  
Management Mode ◽  
Care Group

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of a mobile-based intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and compare it with the usual management mode. Method. A total of 215 patients with T2DM in a tertiary-care hospital specific to diabetes were selected as the study population. This study was conducted from January 1, 2019 to January 1, 2020. Of the 215 patients, 130 were randomly assigned to the mHealth group and 85 were assigned to the usual care group. IBM SPSS 25.0 software was used for descriptive statistics, t tests, chi-square tests, and correlation analyses. Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was the effectiveness parameter adopted. Cost-effectiveness analyses were performed, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated. Results. Of the 215 patients with T2DM, the proportion of male patients was 66.0%. The mean age of the patients was 47.2 (SD 9.95). Differences in baseline information were not statistically significant between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). At the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups, the mHealth group reported higher control rates of HbA1c than the usual care group, 67.9% versus 46.2% ( P < 0.001 ), 72.4% versus 45.4% ( P < 0.001 ), and 74.6% versus 47.1% ( P < 0.001 ), respectively. The value of HbA1c was positively related to total patient cost, material fee, Western medicine fee, and hospitalization expenses ( P < 0.05 ), with correlation coefficients of 0.202, 0.200, 0.172, and 0.183, respectively. The costs of the mHealth group and usual care group were CNY¥ 1169.76 and CNY¥ 1775.44 per patient/year, respectively. The incremental cost of the mHealth intervention was CNY¥ −605.68 per patient/year. The ICER was CNY¥ −22.02 per patient/year. Conclusion. Compared with the usual care mode, the mHealth management model for patients with T2DM improved the control rate of HbA1c, and the mHealth management mode had better cost effectiveness.

COST-UTILITY ANALYSIS OF LIRAGLUTIDE VERSUS GLIMEPIRIDE AS ADD-ON TO METFORMIN IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS IN CHINA

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Gao ◽  
Fei-Li Zhao ◽  
Shu-Chuen Li
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Healthcare System Perspective ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term cost-utility of liraglutide versus glimepiride as add-on therapy to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), based on the results of clinical trial conducted in Asian population.Methods: The validated UKPDS Outcomes Model was used to project life expectancy, quality adjusted life-years (QALYs), incidence of diabetes-related complication and cost of complications in patients receiving those regimens. Baseline cohort characteristics and treatment effects were derived from an Asian study. China-specific complication costs and utility score were taken from local studies. Patients’ outcomes were modeled for 30 years and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated for liraglutide compared with glimepiride from the healthcare system perspective. Both future costs and clinical benefits were discounted at 3 percent. Sensitivity analyses were performed.Results: Over a period of 30 years, compared with glimepiride, liraglutide 1.8 mg was associated with improvements in life expectancy (0.1 year) and quality adjusted life-year (0.168 QALY), and a reduced incidence of diabetes-related complications leading to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per QALY gained versus glimepiride of CNY 25,6871 (DEC 2010, 1 USD = 6.6227 CNY).Conclusions: Long-term projections indicated that liraglutide was associated with increased life expectancy, QALYs, and reduced complication incidences comparing with glimepiride. When the UK cost of liraglutide was discounted by 38 percent, liraglutide would be a cost-effective option in China from the healthcare system perspective using the 3X GDP/capita per QALY as the WTP threshold.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of telemedicine care for patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204062232110425
Author(s):  
Manal Faleh AlMutairi ◽  
Ayla M. Tourkmani ◽  
Alian A. Alrasheedy ◽  
Turki J. ALHarbi ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Bin Rsheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Incremental Cost ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Traditional Care

Background and aim: Telemedicine could be used to provide diabetes care with positive clinical outcomes. Consequently, this study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of telemedicine for patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (i.e. HbA1c >9). Patients and methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes attending an outpatient integrated care clinic. The study consisted of two arms, namely a telemedicine care model and a traditional care model with 100 patients in each. The clinical effectiveness (i.e. reduction in HbA1c) and the total cost in both arms were determined, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated. This study adopted propensity score matching. Results: The patients in the telemedicine care model had a mean reduction in their HbA1c level of 1.82 (95% CI = 1.56–2.09, p < 0.001), while those in the traditional care model had a mean reduction of 1.54 (95% CI = 1.23–1.85, p < 0.001). Consequently, the incremental effect was 0.28 (95% CI = −0.194 to 0.546). The mean total costs were SAR 4819.76 (US$1285.27) and SAR 4150.69 (US$1106.85) for patients in the telemedicine and traditional care models, respectively. Consequently, the incremental cost was SAR 669.07 (US$178.42) [95% CI = SAR 593.7 (US$158.32)–SAR 1013.64 (US$270.30)]. The ICER was estimated to be SAR 2372.52 (US$632.67) per 1% reduction in the level of HbA1c. Moreover, the telemedicine care model resulted in a higher cost and better outcome (i.e. reduction in the HbA1c level) with an 81.80% confidence level. Conclusion: Telemedicine care is cost-effective in managing type 2 patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Consequently, we believe that telemedicine care can be further expanded and incorporated into routine diabetes care.

scholarly journals The cost–effectiveness of oral semaglutide versus empagliflozin in Type 2 diabetes in Denmark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars H Ehlers ◽  
Mark Lamotte ◽  
Mafalda C Ramos ◽  
Susanne Sandgaard ◽  
Pia Holmgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Diabetes Model ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Cost

Aim: To evaluate the cost–effectiveness of oral semaglutide+metformin versus empagliflozin+metformin in people with Type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on msetformin alone. Materials and methods: The IQVIA Core Diabetes Model was populated with efficacy data from a head-to-head study between oral semaglutide+metformin and empagliflozin+metformin. Danish costs and quality-of-life data were sourced from literature. Price per day was Danish Krone (DKK) 25.53 for oral semaglutide and DKK11.40 for empagliflozin. Discounting was fixed at 4%. Scenario and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: Over a lifetime, Core Diabetes Model projected 8.78 and 8.75 quality-adjusted life-years and a total cost of DKK 447,633 and DKK 387,786; thereby, generating an incremental cost–effectiveness ratio of DKK 1,930,548 for oral semaglutide+metformin versus empagliflozin+metformin. Scenario and sensitivity analyses showed the robustness of the outcomes. Duration of treatment with oral semaglutide is the key driver of the analyses. Conclusion: Oral semaglutide+metformin seems not cost-effective versus empagliflozin+metformin in patients uncontrolled on metformin in Denmark.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document