Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Thoracic Aortic Wall Thickness in a General Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Lorbeer ◽  
Tobias Schneider ◽  
Alexander Quadrat ◽  
Jens-Peter Kühn ◽  
Marcus Dörr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Aortic Wall Thickness

scholarly journals Relation of Aortic Wall Thickness and Distensibility to Cardiovascular Risk Factors (from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis [MESA])

2008 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashkan A. Malayeri ◽  
Shunsuke Natori ◽  
Hossein Bahrami ◽  
Alain G. Bertoni ◽  
Richard Kronmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Aortic Wall Thickness

P3447Multimodal assessment and phenomapping of early atherosclerosis in children with chronic disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F A Ververs ◽  
A L M Eikendal ◽  
J J M Westenberg ◽  
R J Van Der Geest ◽  
R Nuboer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
Risk Profiles ◽  
Aortic Wall Thickness ◽  
Early Atherosclerosis

Abstract Background Childhood survival of chronic disease steadily increased over the last decades. However, accumulating evidence suggests that survivors are at risk for early atherosclerosis. The “Cardiovascular Disease in Children with chronic disease” (CDC) study has two aims. First, multimodal assessment of early atherosclerosis was performed in adolescents with chronic inflammatory- and metabolic disorders in order to develop new diagnostic approaches. As fatty streak formation starts in the abdominal aorta, aortic wall thickness (AWT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and compared with traditional carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and echocardiography. Second, comprehensive risk profiling was performed, including phenomapping of early risk factors, in order to establish cardiovascular risk profiles in childhood. Methods 113 adolescents aged 12–19 years old were enrolled*. The study population includes adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA, n=19), cystic fibrosis (CF, n=24), obesity (n=20), corrected coarctation of the aorta (CoA, n=25), and corrected atrial septal defect as control group (ASD, n=25). The aorta was imaged on a 3.0 Tesla MR system using the 3D-T1-BB-VISTA sequence. Aortic PWV was assessed using velocity-encoded MRI. cIMT was measured in three directions for both the right- and left carotid artery using echography. Unbiased hierarchical clustering was performed on phenotypic data (phenomapping), including anthropomorphic-, metabolic-, and inflammatory parameters. Results* Aortic pulse wave velocity on MRI was highest in the obese group compared to controls (p=0.002), yet JIA patients (p=0.015), CoA patients (p=0.029), and CF patients (p=0.044) also showed increased PWV compared to controls. Aortic wall thickness was highest in obese adolescents (p=0.020) and in CF patients (p=0.043). cIMT was only increased in CoA patients (p=0.000). While PWV and AWT showed correlation with inflammatory- and metabolic parameters such as lymphocyte count (PWV, p=0.043), monocyte count (PWV, p=0.002; AWT, p=0.036), CRP (AWT, p=0.032), and QUICKI (PWV, p=0.026), cIMT correlated with systolic blood pressure (p=0.017). Phenomapping of risk factors will further define distinct cardiovascular risk profiles*. Conclusion Multimodal assessment of early atherosclerosis in children with chronic disease reveals differential vascular changes. While traditional cIMT is associated with increased systolic blood pressure in young CoA patients, aortic PWV and aortic wall thickness reflect early systemic inflammatory- and metabolic derangement. Phenomapping traditional risk factors alongside inflammatory- and metabolic parameters bears promise to establish early cardiovascular risk profiles in childhood chronic disease*. *Patient inclusion finishes May 2019, followed by phenomapping of patient characteristics. At the ESC, final data will be presented. Acknowledgement/Funding Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Research Fund, Dutch Topsector Life Sciences and Health TKI fund, Nutricia Research fund. HS was supported by VENI-NWO.

scholarly journals Premature STEMI in Men and Women: Current Clinical Features and Improvements in Management and Prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
Rebeca Lorca ◽  
Isaac Pascual ◽  
Andrea Aparicio ◽  
Alejandro Junco-Vicente ◽  
Rut Alvarez-Velasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most frequent cause of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Etiopathogenic and prognostic characteristics in young patients may differ from older patients and young women may present worse outcomes than men. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of men and women with premature STEMI. Methods: A total 1404 consecutive patients were referred to our institution for emergency cardiac catheterization due to STEMI suspicion (1 January 2014–31 December 2018). Patients with confirmed premature (<55 years old in men and <60 in women) STEMI (366 patients, 83% men and 17% women) were included (359 atherothrombotic and 7 spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)). Results: Premature STEMI patients had a high prevalence of classical cardiovascular risk factors. Mean follow-up was 4.1 years (±1.75 SD). Mortality rates, re-hospitalization, and hospital stay showed no significant differences between sexes. More than 10% of women with premature STEMI suffered SCAD. There were no significant differences between sexes, neither among cholesterol levels nor in hypolipemiant therapy. The global survival rates were similar to that expected in the general population of the same sex and age in our region with a significantly higher excess of mortality at 6 years among men compared with the general population. Conclusion: Our results showed a high incidence of cardiovascular risk factors, a high prevalence of SCAD among young women, and a generally good prognosis after standardized treatment. During follow-up, 23% suffered a major cardiovascular event (MACE), without significant differences between sexes and observed survival at 1, 3, and 6 years of follow-up was 96.57% (95% CI 94.04–98.04), 95.64% (95% CI 92.87–97.35), and 94.5% (95% CI 91.12–97.66). An extra effort to prevent/delay STEMI should be invested focusing on smoking avoidance and optimal hypolipemiant treatment both in primary and secondary prevention.

scholarly journals Sex-specific reference values and determinants of infra-renal abdominal aortic diameter among women and men from general population

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Zhu ◽  
B Arshi ◽  
M Ikram ◽  
R De Knegt ◽  
M Kavousi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Abstract Introduction Abdominal aortic diameter has shown to be a marker of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Among the non-aneurysmal populations, studies regarding abdominal aortic diameter normal reference values are sparse. Moreover, data regarding the associations between cardiovascular risk factors and aortic diameter among men and women are limited. Purpose To establish age- and sex-specific distribution of the infra-renal abdominal aortic diameters among non-aneurysmal older adults from the general population and to investigate the associations between cardiovascular risk factors and aortic diameters in men and women. Methods From a population-based cohort, 4032 participants (mean age, 67.2 years; 60.4% women) with infra-renal diameter assessment and without history of cardiovascular disease were included. Mean and quantile values of diameters were calculated in different age groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to detect the association of cardiovascular risk factors with diameters in men and women. Results The mean crude diameter was larger in men [mean (SD): 19.5 (2.6) mm] compared to women [17.0 (2.4)mm] but after adjustment for body surface area (BSA), the differences were small. There was a non-linear relationship between age and diameter (p&lt;0.001). After 66 years of age, the increase in diameter with increasing age was attenuated. After age 74 years in women and 71 years in men, the relationship between age and infra-renal aortic diameter was no longer statistically significant (Figure). Waist [standardized β (95% CI): 0.02 (0.0–0.04) in women and 0.03 (0.01–0.06) in men] and diastolic blood pressure [0.04 (0.02–0.05) in women and 0.02 (0.0–0.04) in men] were the risk factors for diameters in both sexes. Body mass index [0.02 (0.01–0.09)], systolic blood pressure [−0.01 (−0.02 to −0.01)], smoking status [0.21 (0.02–0.39)], cholesterol [−0.19 (−0.29 to −0.09)], and lipid-lowering medication [−0.47 (−0.71 to −0.23)] were significantly associated with aortic diameter only in women. Conclusion The differences in the crude abdominal aortic diameter between women and men diminished after taking into account the BSA. The abdominal aortic diameter increased steeply with advancing age and up to 66 years of age. However, after 74 years in women and 71 years in men, the diameter values reached a plateau. We also observed sex differences in the associations of cardiovascular risk factors with abdominal aortic diameter. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw); the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE)

scholarly journals Diastolic dysfunction in individuals with and without heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Per Wenzel ◽  
Ramona Bei der Kellen ◽  
Christina Magnussen ◽  
Stefan Blankenberg ◽  
Benedikt Schrage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Common Finding

Abstract Aim Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD), a common finding in the general population, is considered to be associated with heart failure with preserved ejection faction (HFpEF). Here we evaluate the prevalence and correlates of DD in subjects with and without HFpEF in a middle-aged sample of the general population. Methods and results From the first 10,000 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), 5913 subjects (mean age 64.4 ± 8.3 years, 51.3% females), qualified for the current analysis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) was identified in 753 (12.7%) participants. Of those, 11.2% showed DD without HFpEF (ALVDD) while 1.3% suffered from DD with HFpEF (DDwHFpEF). In multivariable regression analysis adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors, ALVDD was associated with arterial hypertension (OR 2.0, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (OR 1.2, p = 0.007). Associations of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF were: age (OR 1.7, p < 0.001; OR 2.7, p < 0.001), BMI (OR 1.2, p < 0.001; OR 1.6, p = 0.001), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). In contrast, female sex (OR 2.5, p = 0.006), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.6, p = 0.024), CAD (OR 7.2, p < 0.001) COPD (OR 3.9, p < 0.001), and QRS duration (OR 1.4, p = 0.005) were strongly associated with DDwHFpEF but not with ALVDD. Conclusion The prevalence of DD in a sample from the first 10,000 participants of the population-based HCHS was 12.7% of whom 1.3% suffered from HFpEF. DD with and without HFpEF showed significant associations with different major cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities warranting further research for their possible role in the formation of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF.

Abstract P363: Visceral, but Not Subcutaneous Adiposity by Computed Tomography is Associated With Increased Aortic Wall Thickness in Psoriasis Patients

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob W Groenendyk ◽  
Parag Shukla ◽  
Youssef A Elnabawi ◽  
Joshua P Rivers ◽  
Aditya Goyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Aortic Wall Thickness ◽  
Subcutaneous Adiposity

Introduction: Patients with psoriasis (PSO), an inflammatory skin disease, experience increased cardiovascular disease and obesity. Traditional measures of obesity, such as BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), do not fully capture the increased cardiovascular risk. Assessment of adipose tissue distribution via CT scan enables characterization of visceral adiposity (VAT) versus subcutaneous adiposity (SAT), which is clinically useful as excess VAT is known to be associated with cardiovascular events. Aortic Wall Thickness (AWT) is a validated measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between adiposity distribution and AWT is unknown. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that VAT, but not SAT, BMI, or WHR, would be associated with increased AWT in PSO patients. Methods: Consecutive PSO patients (n=164) underwent quantification of VAT and SAT via CT, and AWT via MRI of the descending aorta. Interrelationships were analyzed via multivariable regression. Results: Patients were middle-aged (mean 50.4), predominantly male (56%), and were at low cardiovascular risk (median Framingham risk 3), despite high prevalence of hyperlipidemia (47%). VAT was significantly associated with AWT (β=0.18, p=0.04), SAT, BMI, or WHR did not demonstrate similar association. This association persisted beyond adjustment for SAT, Framingham score, insulin resistance, and systolic BP (β=0.30, p=0.03). Conclusions: Visceral adiposity demonstrated an association with AWT, a marker of early atherosclerosis, whereas subcutaneous adiposity, BMI, and WHR did not. These findings add to a growing body of literature that visceral fat and its assessment may provide incremental data for risk of subclinical CVD.

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