Responses in live weight change to net energy intake in dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Jensen ◽  
Søren Østergaard ◽  
Jan Bertilsson ◽  
Martin Riis Weisbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Net Energy Intake

Evaluation of a model of the energy system of lactating and pregnant cows

1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Broadbent ◽  
J. H. Topps ◽  
J. J. Clark ◽  
J. M. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Using Data

ABSTRACT1. The model of the energy system of lactating, and pregnant, cows proposed by Bruce, Broadbent and Topps (1984) has been evaluated using data relating to 166 lactations for dairy cows and 48 lactations for beef cows. The cows in both sets of data were subjected to various nutritional and managerial regimes.2. The discrepancies between observed and predicted values of milk (energy) and live weight were small, both as a proportion of the measured values and total energy intake. For Danish Black and White dairy cows the discrepancies for milk were virtually zero on both bases; those for live weight represented 0·020 of the total energy intake, or an over-prediction by 0·054 in late lactation. For Hereford × British Friesian beef cows, suckled by one or two calves, the discrepancies as a proportion of the total energy intake ranged from 0·005 to 0·051 for milk and 0·001 to 0·063 for live-weight change across the nutritional and managerial regimes.3. It was concluded that the model of Bruce et al. (1984), which considers genetic potential for milk production and growth, nutritional (energy), reproductive and environmental status, may be used to predict milk yield and live-weight change simultaneously from food (energy) input.

A meta-analysis of milk production responses to increased net energy intake in Scandinavian dairy cows

2015 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Jensen ◽  
Søren Østergaard ◽  
Ingunn Schei ◽  
Jan Bertilsson ◽  
Martin Riis Weisbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Net Energy Intake

The effect of compound composition and silage characteristics on silage intake, feeding behaviour, production of milk and live-weight change in lactating dairy cows

1991 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Jackson ◽  
C. L. Johnson ◽  
J. M. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Principal Energy ◽  
Friesian Cows

ABSTRACTAn experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of compound composition and silage characteristics on silage intake, feeding behaviour and productive performance of dairy cows during the first 25 weeks of lactation. Over a period of 3 years, 36 lactating British Friesian cows (12 per year), in their third or later lactations, were divided into two groups. The cows in each group received either compound S, in which the principal energy source was cereal starch, or compound F containing a mixture of high quality digestible fibre. Cows given compound F ate 2·2 kg more silage dry matter per day (P < 0·05). The type of compound had no effect on the frequency of silage feeding and the time spent eating was significantly different only over weeks 10 to 25 of lactation (P < 0·05), with cows on compound F spending on average 20 min longer feeding per day. Cows on compound F produced 1·7 kg more milk per day than cows on compound S. Although there were no significant differences in the concentration of milk constituents, compound F was associated with higher yields of milk constituents. Significant differences were found between the years of experiment in the frequency of feeding (P < 0·05) and also in the concentration of milk protein and milk fat. There were no significant differences in the magnitude of live-weight change between treatments or year of experiment.

EFFECTS OF CORRECTING FOR FEEDING LEVELS ON ESTIMATES OF GENETIC PARAMETERS OF MILK YIELD AND COMPOSITION

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
B. W. KENNEDY ◽  
J. E. MOXLEY
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Net Energy Intake ◽  
Quadratic Effects

A total of 13,561 Holstein 305-day lactation records were studied to examine the effects of correcting records for linear and quadratic effects of 305-day net energy intake from silage, hay, pasture and meal feeding on estimates of genetic parameters of milk, fat and protein yield and fat and protein percent. Correcting records for net energy intake reduced variances of yield traits, but had little effect on composition trait variances. When expressed as a percentage of the total variance, the relative importance of sire and sire–herd components were unchanged using corrected records, and heritabilities, except for that of protein yield, were unaltered. Cow components of yield traits were reduced relative to other components after records were corrected for feeding levels. Consequently, repeatabilities were reduced as well, suggesting that a large portion of the permanent environmental effects on yield traits may be of nutritional origin. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between yield traits were also reduced appreciably after records were corrected for feed intake. Genetic relationships between milk, fat and protein yield may not be as great as commonly believed.

Position Choice by Drift-Feeding Salmonids: Model and Test for Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in Subarctic Mountain Streams, Interior Alaska

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 2039-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas F. Hughes ◽  
Lawrence M. Dill
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Arctic Grayling ◽  
Thymallus Arcticus ◽  
Net Energy Intake ◽  
Energy Intake Rate

We develop a model to predict position choice of drift-feeding stream salmonids, assuming a fish chooses the position that maximizes its net energy intake rate. The fish's habitat is represented as a series of stream cross-profiles, each divided into vertical strips characterized by water depth and velocity. The fish may select a focal point in any of these strips, and include several neighbouring strips in its foraging area. The number of prey the fish encounters depends on its reaction distance to prey, water depth, and water velocity; the proportion of detected prey the fish is able to capture declines with water velocity. The fish's net energy intake rate is its gross energy intake rate from feeding minus the swimming cost calculated by using water velocity at the fish's focal point. There was a close match between the positions predicted by this model and those chosen by solitary Arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus) in the pools of a mountain stream in Alaska.

scholarly journals Description and evaluation of a net energy intake model as a function of dietary chewing index

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 8699-8715 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Jensen ◽  
B. Markussen ◽  
N.I. Nielsen ◽  
E. Nadeau ◽  
M.R. Weisbjerg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Net Energy Intake

Evaluation of NOSCOW

1984 ◽  
Vol 1984 ◽  
pp. 23-23
Author(s):  
P. J. Broadbent ◽  
J. H. Topps ◽  
J. J. Clark ◽  
J. M. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dietary Energy Intake ◽  
Danish Dairy

Two data sets have been used to evaluate NOSCOW, a model of the energy system of cows which allows milk production and live-weight change to be predicted simultaneously from dietary energy intake (Bruce, Broadbent and Topps, 1984).Black and White Danish Dairy Cows (SDM) were used by Østergaard (1979) to study concentrate feeding strategies. There were nine treatments which differed in the level and pattern of concentrates fed over the first 36 weeks of lactation. These treatments caused substantial differences in the levels and patterns of energy intake.

Microhabitat variables explain patch switching by wintering Bewick’s swans through giving-up net energy intake rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (15) ◽  
pp. 18843-18852
Author(s):  
Chao Yu ◽  
Lizhi Zhou ◽  
Nazia Mahtab ◽  
Shaojun Fan ◽  
Yunwei Song
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Net Energy Intake

Responses of rufous hummingbirds to midday fasts

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2249-2253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zena J. Tooze ◽  
Clifton Lee Gass
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Metabolic Costs ◽  
Net Energy Intake ◽  
Highly Correlated

This study investigates how rufous hummingbirds regain energy balance after experimentally imposed midday fasts reduce their energy reserves. Net energy balance calculated from food intake, activity budgets, and allometric equations for the costs of flying and perching was highly correlated with change in body weight in laboratory tests of 3 h or more. Individuals accumulated energy and body weight at the same rate after fasts as before, resulting in energy deficits at the end of the day compared with control conditions. Energy balance relative to control values was regained by the following morning, primarily by reducing metabolic costs in the dark through torpor. Net energy intake increased the following day, but this increase was relatively unimportant to reestablishing equilibrium.

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