A novel workflow based on physics-informed machine learning to determine the permeability profile of fractured coal seams using downhole geophysical logs

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 105171
Author(s):  
Adelina Lv ◽  
Lei Cheng ◽  
Mohammad Ali Aghighi ◽  
Hossein Masoumi ◽  
Hamid Roshan
2021 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Mark Dvoryanchikov ◽  
Larisa Pavlova ◽  
Inna Weiss

The paper describes the stages of primary study and preprocessing of data obtained from air-gas monitoring sensors for their further analysis using machine learning methods.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Godyń ◽  
Alena Kožušníková

Near-fault coal displays some specific structural and textural features. As the distance to the fault diminishes, one can observe ever stronger, gradual degradation of coal, demonstrated by the emergence of structural distortions exogenic in their origin, visible under a microscope. The process of gradual degradation of coal—manifested by the appearance of structural distortions exogenic in their origin—takes place. This can be observed under a microscope. The measurements of the microhardness of structurally altered coal carried out using the Vickers hardness test. For the purpose of this research, a microhardness tester by the CSM Instruments was used. The microhardness of particular structural types of coal was measured. The procedure encompassed both structurally unaltered and altered coal. The tested objects were exogenically fractured fragments, cataclastic, and mylonitic structures. Each of the analyzed structural types displayed a different range of the microhardness, with the highest values confirmed for the structurally unaltered coal. In the case of fractured coal, the microhardness values were somewhat lower. Finally, the lowest values were ascertained for cataclastic coal. Mylonitic coal, in turn, displayed microhardness values similar to those found in the unaltered coal. It was also observed that, in the case of the unaltered, fractured, and cataclastic coal, cracks propagated in the manner typical of brittle materials, whereas the mylonitic coal revealed some degree of elasticity. The analyzed microhardness parameters expose the structural–textural features of coal, particularly when it comes to the degree and character of destruction of the rock’s original matrix. The specific structural–textural composition of particular types of near-fault creations influences both their sorption parameters and the compactness of coal in a seam.


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi Shekoni Ayodeji ◽  
Paulo Salvadoretti ◽  
João Felipe Coimbra Leite Da Costa ◽  
George Olufunmilayo Gasper ◽  
Douglas Sander Libardi

ABSTRACT. This study compares data sets obtained from three geophysical probes used for measuring rock resistivity. A detailed analysis was carried out to determine which of these probes provides the best option in terms of identification of coal-seam thickness. The resistivity probes used were guard log (GL), single-point resistance (SPR), and induction log (IND) probes. To aid the comparison among the different logs, two other geophysical logs were included: natural gamma (NG) and optical televiewer (OPTV), which helped to identify the coal seams. In the specific case of OPTV, when the situation is favorable, it identifies the coal seams and checks the vertical resolution of the other logs due to its excellent vertical resolution. In this study, analyzed data were obtained from four different coal deposits, namely B3, Calombo, Cerro, and Seival. All the coal deposits mentioned are located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In all, 13 boreholes with recovered core samples are presented and discussed. The geological descriptions of the 13 boreholes are the main information used as a control parameter in comparisons with the geophysical logs, while OPTV images served as an alternative to verify the vertical resolution of the logs. At the end of the analysis, it was found that the guard log probe tends to offer better performance in the aspect of lithological identification, demonstrating a greater capacity in comparison with the others in terms of vertical resolution. Statistically, it presented the closest estimated value of coal-seam thickness in relation to that provided by geological description of the recovered core samples. Keywords: geophysics, coal, resistivity, OPTV. RESUMO. Este estudo compara registros de perfilagem geofísica obtidos por três sondas que medem a resistividade de litologias. Uma análise detalhada foi feita para determinar qual destas sondas proporciona a melhor opção em termos da identificação de espessuras de camadas de carvão. As sondas de resistividade utilizadas foram: guard log , single point resistance e induction log. Para auxiliar na comparação entre as diferentes sondas, outros dois registros geofísicos foram incluídos: radiação gama natural e optical televiewer (OPTV), os quais ajudaram a identificar os estratos de carvão. No caso específico do OPTV, quando a situação é favorável, ele permite identificar os estratos de carvão e verificar a resolução vertical dos demais registros, em função da excelente resolução vertical. Neste estudo, foram analisados dados obtidos em 4 depósitos de carvão diferentes: B3, Calombo, Cerro e Seival. Todos os depósitos de carvão mencionados situam-se no estado do Rio Grande do Sul – Brasil. Ao todo, 13 furos de sondagem com recuperação de testemunhos são apresentados e discutidos. As descrições geológicas dos 13 furos de sondagem são as informações principais utilizadas como parâmetro de controle nas comparações entre os perfis geofísicos, enquanto que as imagens OPTV serviram como uma alternativa para verificar a resolução vertical dos perfis geofísicos. Ao final das análises, verificou-se que o dispositivo guard log tende a ter o melhor desempenho no aspecto de identificação litológica, demonstrando uma capacidade superior em relação aos demais arranjos em termos de resolução vertical. Estatisticamente, ele apresentou as estimativas de espessurasmais próximas em valor, em relação às espessuras proporcionadas pelas descrições geológicas de testemunhos de sondagem.Palavras-chave: geofísica, carvão, resistividade, OPTV.


Ground Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Terry ◽  
Carole D. Johnson ◽  
Frederick D. Day‐Lewis ◽  
Beth Parker ◽  
Lee Slater

Geofluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Cao ◽  
Hualei Zhang ◽  
Jiadi Yin ◽  
Baojie Fu

In most mining areas of China, coal seams are characterized by low gas pressure, poor permeability, and high gas adsorption capacity, all of which have brought considerable difficulties to coal seam mining and coalbed methane (CBM) extraction. According to the multiyear scientific research and production practice of China, gas is migrated in quantity only after the coal body is directly mined, and the surrounding rocks deform and fracture under the mining influence. Thus, the key to effective control of gas migration and the coal and CBM comining technology lies in investigating the gas resolution, permeation, migration, and accumulation laws in the coal seams under the unloading confining pressure during mining. The MTS815.02 rock mechanics testing system and its supporting equipment are combined to test the permeability characteristics of coal and rock mass (postpeak fractured coal and sandstone specimens) under the loading and unloading of confining pressure using the steady method, and then, the permeation laws of the fractured coal and rock mass are obtained. Results show that after the postpeak rock crack propagation reaches a stable state, the confining pressure gradually increases, and the gas permeability presents an approximately linear reduction; in the postpeak unloading phase, the opening and coalescence degree of rock cracks gradually increase as the deformation extends. Thus, permeability reaches a peak value. The strain softening phase follows, where the cracks are closed and permeability declines to a certain extent. Moreover, the unloading step size of confining pressure has bearing on gas permeability. Specifically, as the unloading step size of confining pressure decreases, the change of gas permeability increases in stability.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Leonid A. Rybalkin ◽  
Sergey V. Serdyukov

The degassing of coal seams unloaded from rock pressure is associated with the requirement to intensify the flow of gas to degassing wells. For this purpose, a hydraulic fracturing operation is performed. The paper considers the features of the integrated intensification of coal seams’ degassing performed by hydraulic fractures in the field of seismic vibrations. The work presents the results of laboratory studies of gas permeability changes in fractured coal containing a through crack under the influence of various geomechanical compression and amplitude frequency of seismic vibrations. The obtained results provide the opportunity to evaluate the possibility of seismic vibration’s implication to intensify the degassing of non-wedged hydraulic fractures in coal mines.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrthe Faber

Abstract Gilead et al. state that abstraction supports mental travel, and that mental travel critically relies on abstraction. I propose an important addition to this theoretical framework, namely that mental travel might also support abstraction. Specifically, I argue that spontaneous mental travel (mind wandering), much like data augmentation in machine learning, provides variability in mental content and context necessary for abstraction.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed J. Zaki ◽  
Wagner Meira, Jr
Keyword(s):  

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