Comparative determination of the α/β phase fraction in α+β-titanium alloys using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy

A novel nanomaterial composed of copper and carbon nanofibers (CuCNFs) decorated with Ag-doped TiO2 (Ag–TiO[Formula: see text] nanoparticles was prepared through electrospinning, carbonization and solvothermal treatment. The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The obtained composites were mixed with laccase and Nafion to construct novel hydroquinone biosensor. The electrochemical behavior of the novel biosensor was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry. The results demonstrated that the biosensor possessed a wide detection linear range (1.20–176.50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M), a good selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility and storage stability. This work provides a new material to design more efficient laccase (Lac) based biosensor for hydroquinone detection.

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Study of an Energetic-oxidant Co-crystal: Preparation, Characterisation, and Crystallisation Mechanism

Defence Science Journal ◽

10.14429/dsj.67.10188 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 510 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Han Gao ◽

Wei Jiang ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Gazi Hao ◽

Lei Xiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Diffraction Spectrum ◽

Solvent Evaporation Method ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Scanning Electron

<p>An energetic co-crystal consisting of the most promising military explosive 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and the most well-known oxidant applied in propellants ammonium perchlorate has been prepared with a simple solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the morphology of co-crystal differs greatly from each component. The X-ray diffraction spectrum, FTIR, Raman spectra, and differential scanning calorimetry characterisation further prove the formation of the co-crystal. The result of determination of hygroscopic rate indicated the hygroscopicity was effectively reduced. At last, the crystallisation mechanism has been discussed.</p>

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Determination of large crystal structures by combined x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy

Materials Research Bulletin ◽

10.1016/0025-5408(67)90043-8 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 55-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J.A. Kohn ◽

D.W. Eckart ◽

C.F. Cook

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Crystal Structures ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Large Crystal ◽

X Ray

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Structure Determination of Molecular Sieve Nanoparticles with Electron Microscopy and Powder X-Ray Diffraction

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927617009667 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (S1) ◽

pp. 1800-1801

Author(s):

Xueyi Zhang ◽

Jay A. Thakkar ◽

Jie Zha

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Structure Determination ◽

Molecular Sieve ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray

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Quantitative Phase Analysis by X-ray Diffraction—Doping Methods and Applications

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst10010027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stanko Popović

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Phase Analysis ◽

Powder Diffraction ◽

Phase Fraction ◽

Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽

Intermetallic Alloys ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Quantitative Phase

X-ray powder diffraction is an ideal technique for the quantitative analysis of a multiphase sample. The intensities of diffraction lines of a phase in a multiphase sample are proportional to the phase fraction and the quantitative analysis can be obtained if the correction for the absorption of X-rays in the sample is performed. Simple procedures of quantitative X-ray diffraction phase analysis of a multiphase sample are presented. The matrix-flushing method, with the application of reference intensities, yields the relationship between the intensity and phase fraction free from the absorption effect, thus, shunting calibration curves or internal standard procedures. Special attention is paid to the doping methods: (i) simultaneous determination of the fractions of several phases using a single doping and (ii) determination of the fraction of the dominant phase. The conditions to minimize systematic errors are discussed. The problem of overlapping of diffraction lines can be overcome by combining the doping method (i) and the individual profile fitting method, thus performing the quantitative phase analysis without the reference to structural models of particular phases. Recent suggestions in quantitative phase analysis are quoted, e.g., in study of the decomposition of supersaturated solid solutions—intermetallic alloys. Round Robin on Quantitative Phase Analysis, organized by the IUCr Commission on Powder Diffraction, is discussed shortly. The doping methods have been applied in various studies, e.g., phase transitions in titanium dioxide, biomineralization processes, and phases in intermetallic oxide systems and intermetallic alloys.

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Estimation of Quartz in Small Biological Specimens with Transmission Electron Microscopy at 100 KV

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100050366 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 70-71

Author(s):

Glenn R. Smith ◽

Krishna Seshan ◽

Jerome J. Wesolowski ◽

Axel G. Berner

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Mass Concentration ◽

Oxygen Plasma ◽

Human Lung ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Biopsy Specimens ◽

Transmission Electron

Determination of the mass concentration of quartz in small biopsy specimens for clinical diagnostic purposes often cannot be performed by x-ray diffraction and light microscopy. A technique utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to determine the quartz concentration in a human lung specimen taken from a patient suspected of having silicosis.The sample was prepared for examination by low temperature incineration in an oxygen plasma. The inorganic residue was suspended in 0.5 percent Parlodion in amyl acetate. Grids were coated with the sample suspension and subsequently shadowed with a thin film of carbon. Standard quartz particles were prepared in a similar manner.

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Zn-rich smectite from the Silver Coin Mine, Nevada, USA

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.2015.050.4.01 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 417-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. Kaufhold ◽

G. Färber ◽

R. Dohrmann ◽

K. Ufer ◽

G. Grathoff

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Ir Spectroscopy ◽

Fine Fraction ◽

Structural Formula ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Geochemical Environment ◽

X Ray ◽

Silver Coin ◽

Transmission Electron

AbstractMore than 100 minerals have been reported from the Silver Coin Mine, Nevada USA; five new minerals have been discovered here, due to the unusual geochemical environment. The present study reports on the investigation of a greenish clayey sample from the Silver Coin Mine. After the separation of a fine fraction to enrich the clay minerals, sauconite, a rare Zn-rich smectite, was found by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and was further characterized by differential thermal analysis (DTA), infrared (IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Zn-rich smectite is accompanied by illite, minor kaolinite/halloysite and traces of gibbsite (as was indicated by the IR spectroscopy). The occurrence indicates an acidic environment probably caused by oxidation of sulfides.The determination of the structural formula, to further characterize the Zn-rich smectite, was difficult because of the multi-clay mineral assembly. However, different SEM-EDX (energy dispersive X-ray) approaches as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM)-EDX analysis helped to characterize the smectite as Al-rich sauconite with some exchangeable K+.

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